RU2326033C2 - Device for sealing bottles and similar containers, method of making device and arrangement of implementing the given methods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sealing devices.

SUBSTANCE: device for sealing or tightly closing bottles or similar containers consists of at least two components, a rigid cup-shaped component and an elastic membrane, which are constantly held together. The rigid cup-shaped component, made from metal, plastic or some other material, has the shape of a hollow body of rotation, formed by a hollow cylinder or a cut-off cone with a closed bottom. The membrane is immovably stretched on top of the rim of the open end of the cup-shaped component, or preferably perpendicular the axis to the plane, located between the closed bottom and the open end of the rigid cup-shaped component, using any suitable method. When installing the device on the neck of the vessel, the membrane is stretched, which allows for its tight adhesion to the edge of the neck. The rigid cup-shaped component is joined to the inner part of the neck of the vessel through deformation or a screwed joining. The tightening device is between the closed bottom of the rigid cup-shaped component and the edge of the neck of the vessel. There are alternative methods for making the device for sealing and the arrangement for implementing the given methods.

EFFECT: increased protective properties of the device; provision for making a device for exposing unauthorised opening of bottles.

41 cl, 31 dwg

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART

The invention relates to a device for sealing bottles or vessels, which contains a rigid cup-shaped element, which has the form of a glass with a closed bottom, and includes a membrane located perpendicular to the axis of the device at an appropriate distance from the closed bottom, and made in the form of a cylinder or a truncated cone a side wall designed to close the neck of the vessel; this side wall has means for connecting by deformation or screw connection with interacting circular ridges or the surface of the external thread of the outer part of the neck of the vessel, in addition, this device further comprises a sealing means located between the rigid cup-shaped element and the edge of the neck of the vessel.

Several types of such sealing devices, or closures, are known which are mounted on the vessels in several different ways.

In accordance with certain known methods, vessels for liquids and / or foodstuffs are sealed either with screw caps, or metal crown caps, or various metal or plastic discs mounted on the edges of the necks, or blind seals that are held in position by others mechanical devices similar to those mentioned above.

Other types of caps, such as screw-on metal caps, are made in the form of cylindrical caps mounted on the neck in such a way that they cover the outer surface of the end part of the vessel at the neck, and this end part has an external thread made on it, while on the cap internal threading by rolling along said external threaded end portion.

Other types of cylindrical cup-shaped lids are known for cans or similar vessels, which have inner circular ridges on the free edge of their side walls, the protrusions of which form internal thread elements that interact with the external thread coils formed on the outer surface of the end part of the can wall corresponding to the neck of this cans.

Plastic caps already have an internal thread for interacting with an external thread formed on the end of the vessel at its neck.

In all these embodiments, the seal is achieved by the lid material itself, or by the sealing discs or rings mounted on the inner surface of the lid wall, which is perpendicular to the axis of the neck.

In addition, known lids usually have protective means to ensure that the vessel is kept closed, which serves as a protective seal to detect any attempt to open the package.

Such means usually consist of end rings extending from the open end of the cap, which are integral with it in the manufacturing process of such a cap. On the metal covers, jumpers are made for connection with the cup-shaped element, that is, with its side wall to form a weakened line of rupture, requiring the required breaking force.

These end rings typically have inner circular ridges, which may have an annular or discontinuous shape for engaging with external circular ridges, such as annular shoulders or the like, formed on the ends of the neck of vessels, in particular bottles.

Both functional aspects of known caps may have disadvantages. Firstly, the use of sealing discs or rings requires a certain amount of manual operation to install such a sealing disc or ring onto the lid, which is a relatively expensive and complex process. In addition, the use of seals between the cup-shaped element and the neck of the container does not ensure sterility inside the lid, and also causes problems when sterilizing both seals and cup-shaped elements.

Secondly, the seal is protected by performing on the annular end part of the side wall of the lid having the shape of a skirt, a tearing part having a destructive force provided. It is made integrally with the lid, and by elastic or inelastic deformation is coupled with the radially expanded end part of the outer wall of the container neck located above the threaded part of the said end part.

The aim of the invention is to provide a sealing device, or lid, which, thanks to a simple and inexpensive design, can improve the sealing effect between the lid and the vessel, simplify the operations necessary for the manufacture of this lid and install it on the vessel, and reduce the costs associated with performing operations closing the vessel with these covers while improving the hygienic properties of the product.

In addition, the aim of the invention is to improve the protective properties by effectively preventing any attempt to violate protective equipment or to hide the unfair opening of the container.

All of the above aims to reduce the cost of manufacturing caps compared to known caps without the need for any changes in the technological process of installing caps used in packaging lines for bottles and packaging.

Description of the invention

These objectives of the invention are achieved by creating a device for sealing, i.e. of the lid described above, in which the sealing means consists of a membrane 2, which is stretched perpendicular to the axis of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, also called a cap 3, and completely covers the open end of the said rigid cup-shaped element, said membrane 2 being made of a stretchable plastic film.

Such a stretchable membrane 2 can be directly fixed to the edge of the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 or mounted inside the rigid cup-shaped element 3 in a recessed position relative to the said edge of the hole, i.e. in an intermediate position between the last and the closed end.

The membrane can be fixed in several different ways, i.e. both by means of adhesive bonding, and by using another type of adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature.

According to a first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the membrane is directly attached to an edge that surrounds the opening of the rigid cup-shaped element 3. This edge can advantageously be expanded to form an expanded portion or collar having a wider surface for engaging with the membrane.

The embodiment of FIG. 3 provides, instead of, or in combination with directly attaching to the annular edge of the hole, a rigid cup-shaped element 3, also that the membrane 2 extends radially beyond said edge and forms a peripheral annular edging for attachment to the end part of the lateral the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 at its open end. In this case, the membrane can also be fixed both by means of adhesive bonding and by using another type of adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature.

Also, in accordance with this embodiment, the peripheral annular fringing of the membrane 2 is coupled to the outer surface of the rigid cup-shaped element due to the natural elasticity of the pre-stretched membrane 2, i.e. due to her ability to draw on him. In fact, since the elastomer of the stretchable membrane 2 has plasticity properties, i.e. mutually sliding macromolecules, it also has the ability to partially restore its original structure after it has been stretched. In particular, when the membrane 2 of the type described above is laid over the hole of the rigid bowl-shaped element 3, and at the same time is stretched along its axis, the volume of its material decreases in the section coaxial with this hole as these sections approach the neck of the vessel. In this case, a surface of revolution is formed, the generatrix of which is a paraboloid. Since longitudinal stresses arise in a plastic material, vectors of elastic forces whose values are higher along an axis perpendicular to vertical tension, due to geometric and mechanical reasons, cause the ring contraction effect to parallel-concentric cross sections of the surface of revolution, thereby creating a peripheral annular border of the membrane, squeezing this outer edge. This tightening or crimping effect can cause very high pressure values, depending on the thickness of the membrane. It is always effective for tight sealing.

Also, the membrane 2 can conveniently be attached to the rigid cup-shaped element 3 by heating both this membrane and this rigid cup-shaped element.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the membrane may be located in an intermediate plane between the closed end and the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and also has a peripheral edging on the cylindrical side wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, this time with its inner side.

In this case, the membrane 2, that is, its peripheral fringing, can also be attached to the inner wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 by gluing, welding and / or any other chemical and / or physical process.

According to an alternative embodiment, a plastic membrane 2 of elastomer is fixed to a sleeve 13 or a cylindrical ring nut 11 open at both ends, the ring nut 11 in accordance with the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 having an inner diameter such that when the membrane 2 is stretched over the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and the annular peripheral border of the said membrane 2 overlaps by a certain amount the outer surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup of the element 3, the ring nut 11 is installed due to its elasticity and / or shape over the rigid cup-shaped element 3 along part of its length in the axial direction at the open end of this rigid cup-shaped element 3, thereby pressing the peripheral border of the membrane 2 to the outer surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cupped element 3.

In another similar embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the ratio of the diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 to the diameter of the sleeve 13 is such that the sleeve 13 extends along the inner surface of the side wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 to a certain depth in the axial direction, while pressing its outer the surface of the annular peripheral edging of the membrane 2, which overlaps the outer surface of the sleeve 13 to the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cupped element 3.

It is obvious that the membrane can also subsequently be welded or simultaneously glued.

The sleeve 13 or the ring nut 11 may have guide surfaces, which can be, if such a sleeve or ring nut is designed to fit with an interference fit in a rigid cup-shaped element, a conical or rounded narrowing of the inlet end.

In both cases, the wrapped membrane 2 is predominantly recessed into an assembly consisting of a rigid cup-shaped element 3 and a sleeve 13 or an annular nut 11.

According to another embodiment, the sleeve 13 or the ring nut 11 and the rigid cup-shaped element 3 are connected by circular ridges of one of these two elements interacting with the circular recesses of the other element, and these circular recesses can be made initially or formed by deformation of the circular ridges of the other element at their connection.

Another simple and inexpensive embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, provides, in combination with a rigid cup-shaped element 3, instead of a membrane 2, which is simply secured to the rigid cup-shaped element 3 with or without an annular nut 11 or sleeve 13, using an elastomeric a cup-shaped element 82 having corresponding thickenings along its side walls for contacting the inner surface of the side walls of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and this rigid cup-shaped element 3 has an axial direction depth is greater than elastomeric cup-shaped element 82.

This stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, which is preferably injection molded and has the shape of a cup with a peripheral rim, i.e. thickened and stiffer ring.

Similar to the variant described with respect to the sleeve 13 or the ring nut 11 for attaching the membrane 2 to the rigid cup-shaped element 3, the open end of the stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 has a stiffening collar, or an annular expanded rim, 83 of any suitable shape from the same material with an inner diameter preferably corresponding to the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 minus twice the thickness of the cylindrical part of the elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, while the outer diameter is yen or larger than the outer diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and the thickness is sufficient to give rigidity to the end face.

The above embodiments are described with respect to both cylindrical or substantially cylindrical, and conical or substantially conical rigid cup-shaped elements 3.

The above embodiments are also provided for both plastic and metal rigid cup-shaped elements 3.

As it will become more clear in the future, some embodiments find more suitable application for rigid cup-shaped elements 3 made in the form of a truncated cone, and others for cylindrical rigid cup-shaped elements 3.

With respect to the first embodiment, when the sealing devices are made using rigid cup-shaped elements 3, i.e., rigid metal caps, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing such combinations of rigid cup-shaped elements and membranes 2, comprising the following operations:

1) capture and rigid fixation of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 from the side opposite to its open end, closed by the membrane 2, preferably using an electromagnet 37, which comes into contact with this rigid cup-shaped element 3 from the outside of its closed end;

2) feeding this rigid cup-shaped element 3 into a cylindrical hole of appropriate diameter along the axis of said rigid cup-shaped element 3 and / or a cylindrical hole, with a stretchable plastic membrane 2, previously stretched over the entrance to the said hole in any suitable way;

3) stretching the membrane by the action of a rigid cup-shaped element 3 when feeding it into a cylindrical hole or moving through this cylindrical hole so that the surface of the membrane, due to the internal bending stresses arising in it, takes the form of a paraboloid of revolution relative to the correspondingly installed ring knife 38, this the ring knife 38 is located at a certain distance from the entrance to the hole behind it relative to the direction in which the rigid cup-shaped element 3 odaetsya the membrane 2 and the annular knife 38 passed in a cantilever manner and is connected to the inner surface of the hole, whose diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and obviously smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical bore.

Thus, the membrane 2 is cut along the annular line, forming a peripheral edging that wraps the outer wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 made in the form of a truncated cone by pulling it on it.

Thus, the peripheral fringing of the membrane 2 is contracted around the wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 made in the form of a truncated cone. Its diameter becomes smaller than the largest diameter of the said rigid cup-shaped element 3 due to internal elastic bending stresses caused by the longitudinal tension of the stretchable plastic polymer.

This can also be achieved in combination with a rigid bowl-shaped element 3 made in the form of a cylinder or a truncated cone.

Methods of manufacturing a prefabricated assembly consisting of a membrane 2 and a rigid cup-shaped element 3 are the subject of additional claims. They are described in detail in the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention.

As for the installation methods of the sealing device according to this invention, after attaching a stretchable membrane 2, either in the form of a membrane 2 pre-fixed to a rigid cup-shaped element 3 or in the form of a stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, such a device according to this invention is fixed on the neck of the vessel 1 in the usual known manner.

In screw-on sealing devices, in particular for plastic bottles, a rigid cup-shaped element is mounted by fixing a rigid cup-shaped element on a tightened vessel due to elastic forces with axial displacement with respect to the axis of the sealing device and / or neck of the vessel, as a result of which the membrane 2 cannot be destroyed before or during the installation of such a sealing device. When performing this installation operation in the axial direction with an interference fit, the natural elasticity of the stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, as well as the vessel 1, makes it possible to connect the interacting parts of the thread of the two parts and the means for attaching the protective ring to each other due to the action of the pressing means.

When such a sealing device is mounted on the vessel 1 (by known methods used for non-integral sealing devices, as opposed to the sealing device of the present invention), the neck of the bottle or any other vessel creates a force acting on the membrane 2 or a stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, thereby causing them to stretch on it so that the membrane adheres to the edge of the neck of the vessel 1, thereby creating a seal, the effectiveness of which is not Dependent on the pressing force of the sealing device. When the device for sealing the vessel 1 is opened, for example, unscrewed, the membrane is subjected to shear stresses and collapses, thereby irrevocably showing the open state. Thus, the sealing device of the present invention provides the ability to easily check whether a given vessel has been opened unscrupulously. In fact, although the use of known methods for disconnecting the protective ring from the ridges 35, which hold it on the neck of the bottle 1, prevents separation from the sealing device, the full opening of the vessel cannot occur without damage to the membrane stretched over the neck of the vessel, for example, in order to carry out dishonest attempts to replace the product contained within it.

Other improvements and embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In Fig. 1, the sealing device is an assembly cap consisting of a cylindrical rigid cup-shaped element 3 and a stretchable plastic membrane 2, stretched over the entire neck of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, i.e. fixed on the edge of the open end.

Advantageously, in order to provide a larger adhesion surface, said edge of the lateral wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 surrounding the neck is made radially expanded in the form of a shoulder. The membrane 2 can be attached to the rigid cup-shaped element 3 in any way, for example, by gluing, welding or using another type of adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature.

Figure 3 shows an embodiment according to Figure 1, wherein the side flange for attaching the membrane 2 has an outwardly diagonal conical profile with slightly curved surfaces to provide adhesion to the membrane.

This embodiment is advantageous for the interference fit design due to the elastic forces that are possible due to the natural elasticity of the membrane 2 when said membrane is attached to the open side of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 by pressing the latter to this membrane and then cutting the membrane 2 along an annular line around rigid cup-shaped element 3 at a certain distance from this element in the radial direction, as indicated for the method described in paragraph 32 of the formulas invention.

Due to the use of stretchable material, after this cutting operation, the peripheral rim of the membrane 2 undergoes contraction due to elastic forces, which leads to the contraction of this peripheral rim on the conical flange. If this edging has a sufficient width, its extreme part can take the form of an annular groove and, as a result of contraction, form a rim around a rigid cup-shaped element 3.

However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the membrane is recessed inside the rigid cup-shaped element 3. This embodiment has the advantage that such a stretched recessed membrane is less susceptible to direct contact and therefore to contamination and mechanical damage.

Also, this stretchable membrane has a side flange, however, the latter is made in such a way as to be fixed in such a position that it overlaps the inner side of the side walls of the cylindrical rigid cup-shaped element 3.

Like the previous example shown in FIG. 1, this membrane can be attached by adhesive bonding, welding, or using another known type of adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature.

Figures 4 and 5 show two alternative embodiments of the present invention in which the membrane 2 is fixed in a certain position between the open end and the closed end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3.

In both cases, the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is made in combination with an annular nut 11 or a sleeve 13, which are intended to be connected to the rigid cup-shaped element 3, for example, by installation with compression or with an interference fit due to elastic forces.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the annular nut 11 has an inner diameter that is substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and is intended to be mounted coaxially on its cylindrical wall, at least on a portion thereof having a certain length in the axial direction, that is, on the part or the entire length of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3. The membrane 2 is stretched over the open side of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and its side flange overlaps the outer side of the lateral cilia the core wall of said rigid cup-shaped element 3. Thus, the membrane is mechanically held between the outer side of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and an annular nut 11 inside which the said rigid cup-shaped element 3 is installed. If the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and the ring nut 11 are made of metal, then these two parts can be attached to each other by compressing or pressing in the radial direction of the ring nut 11 to the cylindrical surface of the wall of the rigid cup-shaped element and 3. It may be performed before or during the installation of the sealing device on the vessel. This use case includes running the device for sealing on the neck of a vessel to form, for example, an external thread and mutually interlocking tongues between the sealing device and ridges, annular shoulders and / or recesses present on the neck of the vessel, similarly to what is currently time, metal caps are installed to clog vessels such as bottles or the like.

If the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and the ring nut 11 are made of plastic, then these two parts can be joined using elastic forces and / or latches and / or welding and / or using an adhesive joint and / or using another type of chemical and / or physical nature, possibly in combination with said latch or interference fit due to elastic forces. The edge of the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 may be slightly rounded or may narrow slightly in the form of a cone to facilitate its insertion into the ring nut 11.

The embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5 discloses the reverse situation when this sleeve 13 is intended to be inserted inside a rigid cup-shaped element 3, the diameters of these two parts being appropriately sized for this. In this case, the membrane 2 is stretched over the end of the sleeve 13 and must be located inside the rigid cup-shaped element 3. The membrane is attached to the sleeve 13, and this sleeve 13 is attached to the rigid cup-shaped element 3 essentially the same as described in relation to the previous embodiment shown in Figure 4.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which disk-shaped sealing means 4 or the like is provided in addition to the membrane 2 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

In Fig. 7, the closed wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 has an opening 9, which is separated from the external environment by a transparent wall 8, hermetically fixed in the aforementioned hole 9, for example, glued to the inner side of the corresponding wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3. The wall may even have an o-ring.

FIG. 3 bis shows the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, wherein in the axial direction along a certain part of the cylindrical side wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, or possibly inside the ring nut 11, the cylindrical outer wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is not integral, that is, formed by parts of this wall that are separated from each other by slots 12. However, the invention is not limited to this feature, which is only a means to facilitate installation of the membrane 2.

On Fig, 15 or 16 shows examples of the method of installation of the sealing device on the bottle 1. The principle of using the membrane to seal the neck of the vessels 1 is essentially the same as for any described embodiment of the present invention.

When the sealing device is mounted on the neck of the vessel 1, it moves to the neck of this vessel 1, which creates pressure on the membrane and stretches it. Under these conditions, the membrane is stretched. In fact, since the elastomer of the stretchable membrane 2 has plasticity properties, i.e., mutually sliding macromolecules, it also has the ability to partially restore its original structure after it has been stretched. In particular, when a membrane 2 made of such a polymer is applied over the neck of the vessel 1 and at the same time is axially stretched along this neck, for example, by installing a prefabricated sealing device on it, the volume of this material decreases in cross sections aligned with the neck, as this vessel approaches the neck of the vessel 1. Thus, a surface of revolution is formed, the generatrix of which is a paraboloid.

While in the plastic material, longitudinal stresses arise, which constitute elastic forces, the magnitude of which is higher along the axis perpendicular to vertical tension, due to geometric and mechanical reasons, they cause the effect of ring contraction parallel to the concentric cross sections of the surface of revolution, thus creating a peripheral annular zone membrane 2, compressing this outer edge of the neck. This tightening or crimping effect can cause very high pressure values, depending on the thickness of the membrane 2. It is always effective to ensure a tight seal.

At the same time, the membrane 2 can advantageously be installed in the rigid cup-shaped element 3 by heating the membrane 2 and the rigid cup-shaped element 3, as well as the neck of the vessel 1. In practice, heating causes changes in the technical characteristics of plastic materials to improve their adhesion.

The sealing assembly of the present invention can also be used with resilient sealing means 4. Such sealing means 4, for reasons of sealing hygiene, is usually installed between the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and the membrane 2. It is also usually pre-installed directly inside, for example, from the inside of the bottom, a rigid cup-shaped element 3.

On Fig, 15 and, in particular, Fig. 16, the rigid cup-shaped element 3 consists of a screw cap containing a protective ring, which is separated from the rest of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, that is, the screw cap itself, a break line requiring a certain destructive efforts.

If the cup-shaped element is made of metal, then its thread, the provided line for breaking the sealing ring 36 and all other changes in the shape of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, which are required to ensure its attachment to the neck of the bottle 1, are carried out in a known manner using the deformation process, which consists in external running hard cup-shaped element 3 on the neck of the bottle 1, and the latter has ridges that form an external thread 101 and annular shoulders 35 for axially holding the seal body ring marked at 36.

Then, the sealing device is mounted on the neck and advances on it until the edge of the neck of the vessel 1 abuts against the corresponding wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, which will lead to the deformation of the membrane 2 to obtain the effects described above.

On figa, 15a and 16a shows the state before applying such a device to the neck of the bottle 1, while on fig.14b, 15b and 16b the removal of the screw part of the lid itself is shown exaggerated so that the provided break line 33 and jumpers holding the protective ring are visible .

The membrane 2 is shown in an undisturbed state, although it must be destroyed during the unscrewing operation. Thus, any attempt to unscrew such a sealing device without breaking the protective ring 32, for example, by using tools to allow the ring 32 to pass over the ridges 101, causes a forced violation of the membrane 2, stretched over the neck of the bottle 1, which unmistakably indicates that the bottle was already opening.

In this regard, it may be useful to provide a transparent wall 8, similar to the variant shown in Fig.7. In this design, any damage to the membrane 2 is easily visible without opening the vessel.

Figures 16a and 16b show the same with respect to the options shown in Figures 4 and 5.

In this case, the membrane 2 works in exactly the same way, only some parts of the protective ring 32 are changed without affecting its characteristics and operating methods.

Several different methods for manufacturing the device shown in FIG. 2 are proposed. The first method is shown in Fig. 25 and can also be applied to a rigid cup-shaped element 3 made of plastic. This method provides that the disk of the membrane 2, the diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, is first axially engaged under the influence of vacuum 20 with the closed bottom of the hollow cylinder 21 having corresponding holes, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the rigid a cup-shaped element 3, for further feeding into this rigid cup-shaped element 3 and coupling with it due to a 90 ° bent portion of the disk of the membrane 2, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the cylinder 21, along the cylinder the other part of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 adjacent to its open end. Instead of a cylindrical shape, a truncated cone shape with a bottom having a smaller diameter can be selected.

Another installation for implementing the above method, as shown in Fig. 26, consists of a composite cylinder, that is, consisting of several parts, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and said composite cylinder in the longitudinal direction is divided at least into two segments 27, which have an angular width of the solution of 180 °, are identical and have holes, as well as a closed bottom and can be bent laterally in the direction of using pneumatic cam drives for example, by means of pistons 28 and cylinders 28bis, respectively located between the segments 27, or by means of pneumatic chambers, and they can be reduced to each other by corresponding springs 29, for example, ring springs, which externally and internally cover segments 27 of this component cylinder. Each hollow segment 27 of this cylinder is under the influence of vacuum 20 and has at least one hole in its closed bottom. The elements of the mechanical drive perform the operations of capturing the disk of the membrane 2, introducing it into the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and then pressing its part, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the cylinder 21, to the inner surface of the cylindrical part of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 for coupling with it.

A variant of the method of installing the membrane 2 is shown in Figs. In this case, the open end face of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is first expanded by means of a conical wedge 14, and then it is given a flat shape by means of a cylinder 15 with a flat end, while the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is placed in the cavity 16 of the corresponding shape, and the disk of the membrane 2 located on the flat surface of that part of this element, which is bent 90 ° relative to the axis of the cylinder by any suitable method. Then this edge with the membrane 2 mounted on it, is brought back to its original position by first performing the reverse bending operation and subsequent alignment to its original shape by rolling it into the corresponding rollers 17 with the support rollers 18 and / or radial compression of the conical segments 19, which are thus connected that form a kind of mandrel, while the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is rigidly held in its seat or holder 16 under the influence of vacuum.

The operations of expanding, flattening, installing the disk of the membrane 2 and then restoring the position of the bent part can also be performed on perpendicular or trapezoidal surfaces delimited by cuts 12, as shown in Fig.3bis, with which the membrane 2 is adhered.

Also, expanding or flattening with 90 ° bending of the free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 can be achieved by forming by rolling this rigid cup-shaped element 3 of ductile metal. In this case, the metal billet is fed into the corresponding opening form and, under the influence of rolling, is distributed over the entire volume of the form, and the above-mentioned operations of alignment to the original form are performed subsequently.

17 and 18, the latter shows an embodiment related to claim 12 and other claims related thereto. The membrane 2 in it is replaced by a stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, which has an expanded peripheral edge with an open end. This elastomeric cup-shaped element is attached to the rigid cup-shaped element 3 by tightening it or by tightening its expanded part relative to the side wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, while performing a deformation of said side wall, i.e., the formation of an annular seat 84 for connection with said annular expanded rim 83 with increased rigidity, the shape of which is determined by a stretching elastomeric cup-shaped element 82.

The membrane of the elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 is formed by its closed end and side wall, and, as indicated above, the extended edge is used to connect with the rigid cup-shaped element 3 due to the implementation of elements of mutually corresponding shapes that form interacting means of connection in the form of a latch.

If we consider in more detail the rigid cup-shaped element 3, then in this case the membrane 2 is replaced by a stretching elastomeric cup-shaped element 82, preferably made by injection molding and having a thickened or stiffer peripheral rim, that is, having the shape of a hollow cylinder of corresponding thickness with a closed bottom, then as an open end has a shoulder or annular reinforcing expanded part of any shape and made of the same material, and the inner diameter of such a shoulder or extended hour preferably, it is equal to the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, minus twice the thickness of the cylindrical part of this element, while the external diameter is equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and the thickness is sufficient to give rigidity to the rim.

Such a stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 is mounted in the rigid cup-shaped element 3 so that its expanded rim is connected to the free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and its cylindrical wall and its closed bottom serve as a thin membrane that stretches when the device for sealing on the neck of the vessel 1. The outer closed cylindrical part of this elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 is made shorter than the inner cylindrical part of the rigid a cup-shaped element 3, and is in contact with it.

The stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 can be assembled with a rigid cup-shaped element 3 both by a simple elastic connection of a more rigid rim with a mating free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and by gluing or melting a part or the entire surface in contact with the rigid cup-shaped element 3. The stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element 82 may also be in the form of a truncated cone with a closed bottom, which is closed on the smaller side, and preferably Xia in combination with rigid cupped element 3 made as a truncated cone.

An annular expanded rim 83 with increased stiffness and / or a collar may form a protective seal, preferably placed in a special annular cavity of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, or by any other suitable method.

On Fig and 20 shows a method and installation for the manufacture of sealing devices according to this invention, which consist of rigid cup-shaped elements having the shape of a truncated cone, in combination with a sealing film or membrane 2.

A method of manufacturing a sealing device, consisting of a metal rigid cup-shaped element having the shape of a truncated cone, which uses adhesion with a rigid cup-shaped element by tightening, includes the following operations:

1) rigid fixation of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 from the side opposite to its open end covered by the membrane 2, preferably using an electromagnet 37, which comes into contact with this rigid cup-shaped element 3 from the outside of its closed end;

2) feeding the rigid cup-shaped element 3 into a cylindrical hole having a corresponding diameter in the axis direction of said rigid cup-shaped element 3 and / or this cylindrical hole;

3) pulling the stretchable plastic membrane 2 over the neck of the aforementioned hole and holding it in this position in any suitable way;

4) stretching the membrane 2 with the help of a rigid cup-shaped element 3 when feeding it into a cylindrical hole, and this membrane acquires the shape of a rotation paraboloid under the influence of internal bending stresses;

5) after supplying the rigid cup-shaped element 3 to the membrane 2, cutting out the membrane 2 around the rigid cup-shaped element 3, for example, using a sharp annular knife 38 located at a certain distance from the hole behind it. Mentioned ring knife 38 is connected to the inner surface of the hole and is located coaxially with it, and its diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the rigid bowl-shaped element 3 and is obviously smaller than the diameter of this cylindrical hole.

Due to the bending elastic stresses caused by the longitudinal tension of the stretchable plastic polymer, the edge cut out of the membrane material is pulled together around the outer surface of the free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, its diameter becomes smaller than the largest diameter of the truncated cone of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, and it is finally fixed in the required position by compression.

The information below applies to all sealing devices that meet these specifications:

A sealing device, which essentially consists of a rigid cup-shaped element 3, in which a stretchable membrane 2 is stretched perpendicular to the axis of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 so that its plane is at an appropriate distance between the open end and the bottom of the said rigid cup-shaped element 3, must satisfy certain conditions.

The first condition is that the installation must be capable of being used in a capping machine that is being tested or is currently in production.

The second condition is that the membrane 2 can be correctly stretched on the edge of the neck of the bottle 1 or similar vessels in one operation, that is, by pressing the rigid cup-shaped element 3 to the neck of the bottle 1 or a similar vessel, and also after that stretching operation, when the neck of the vessel 1 comes into contact with the bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, the latter can be installed by crimping or melting, if it is made of plastic using the known installation on the neck of the vessel 1. This operation allows It has a strong and dense elastic closure.

The third condition is that such sealing devices should be capable of being easily sterilized both for storage and immediately prior to capping.

In addition, such a sealing device should also have certain geometric and mechanical characteristics, the most important of which is the distance of the pre-installed membrane 2 from the edge of the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, depending on the quality and thickness of the stretchable plastic polymer, as well as on the shape and the quality of the metal or plastic material of which this rigid cup-shaped element 3 is made.

These main characteristics are as follows:

1. The membrane 2 should be located at such a distance from the edge of the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 so that the sealing device can be freely put on the neck of the vessel 1, which should be sealed.

2. The distance between the membrane 2 and the bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 should be such that when the said rigid cup-shaped element 3 is pressed against the neck of the vessel 1, the membrane 2 is stretched sufficiently to adhere firmly to the edge of the vessel 1, but not to such an extent that when this is torn.

The materials from which the rigid cup-shaped element is made must be capable of strong adhesion when performing compression, other designs using elastic forces, heating or melting, or when screwing them onto the neck of a vessel.

In order to obtain such characteristics, the present invention also provides methods for manufacturing pre-assembled rigid cup-shaped elements of ductile metal having a compressibility.

According to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 22, 23, 24, the described sealing device may have an additional seal or protective means consisting of a cup-like extension 30 of the wall of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, in the direction of the bottom of the vessel 1, i.e. towards the opposite side of the vessel 1, this cup-like extension extending from that part of the rigid bowl-shaped element 3, which is adjacent to the provided line 33 rupture or destruction, which separates part of the actual cover from the o-ring 36, and extends over said sealing ring, completely covering him. In this case, this cup-like extension is made as a conical expanding element, which is located on top of the entire sealing ring that is held between two continuous or discontinuous annular shoulders 35, or is located on top of the continuous or discontinuous annular shoulders 35 on the opposite side with respect to the direction of removal of the cover, the shoulders are made on the neck of the vessel or bottle 1 at a certain distance from its edge.

Such a conical cup-like extension is made of rigid material and effectively protects the sealing ring from deformation by any tool when trying to hold it over the annular shoulders 35, removing the entire rigid cup-like element without separating the sealing ring 36 from the part of the lid itself in order to hide an unfair opening.

Advantageously, as shown in FIGS. 22, 23 and 24, the conical cup-like extension of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, forming part of the lid itself, extends over the o-ring 36 towards the bottom of the bottle or vessel, thereby forming a kind of glass for drinks of any shape, the wall which is located on top of the outer wall of the cap of the bottle or vessel having the shape of a skirt, at least along the open edge of this glass-like extension, or at least in an area near said open edge, or along the wall of said extension stakanopodobnogo. Various options may be made depending on the shape of the bottle or vessel.

Advantageously, said cup-like extension can be integrally formed with the upper part of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, or attached to it by means of adhesive bonding or welding so that said upper part of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 forms the bottom of the beverage glass.

To ensure sufficient hygiene of such a glass, it preferably has an axial length and such a shape that the open end of the glass and the part adjacent to it are positioned in such a position relative to the bottle 1 or vessel that the label 40 overlaps said open end and said part to protect the open end of the glass for drinks and the peripheral part adjacent to it, preventing the ingress of contaminating particles into this glass.

22, 23, and 24 show various embodiments of such a structure.

22, the element 34, which forms the bottom of the glass, also forms the bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element located in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the bottle. At the same time, said rigid cup-shaped element and a cup-like extension 30 are integrally formed. It should be noted that the said wall, located in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the bottle 1, is thicker and has a larger diameter than the diameter of the bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element. This provides a reliable base for supporting a portion of the beverage glass formed by the glass-like extension 30, and also facilitates unscrewing and removing the sealing device from the bottle 1.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the cup-like extension 30 has a seat 130 in which the upper part of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 is secured by adhesive bonding and / or welding and / or any other chemical and / or physical bonding method. In this case, such a seat, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the outer surface of the rigid cup-shaped element 3, is made in the side wall of the glass-like extension 30.

Element 34 in the form of a plate, disk, or the like is made on the outside of the closed bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element 3 and forms the base of the beverage glass formed by a cup-like extension 30, the diameter of which is preferably larger than the diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element 3.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 24 is another construction in which the cup-like extension is also a cup made separate from the top of the rigid cup-shaped element, however, the seat for attaching the cup-like element 30 consists of a correspondingly narrowed portion of the side wall of the cup-like element 30 , while a cap or cup-shaped external clogging element 39 is provided that covers the side wall of the glass-like element 30, and its end face is located dix to the closed end of the top of the rigid cup-shaped element 3.

According to an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, the beverage glass has a shape that substantially matches the shape of the end portion of the bottle 1 or vessel and corresponds to its bottom, said beverage glass 31 having this size and / or shape, to be easily fixed with the possibility of removal on the mentioned bottom of the bottle by means of a tight fit due to elastic forces. A label 40 is also provided for overlapping the open edge of the glass for the same purpose as in the previous embodiment.

This embodiment may be performed in conjunction with the previous embodiment, whereby at least two beverage glasses may be attached to the bottle, one of which is also used to protect the o-ring 36.

Accompanying drawings

Distinctive features of the present invention become more clear from the following description, not limiting the scope of the invention of an embodiment, which is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

1 is an axial sectional view of a cylindrical clogging device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows, like Figure 1, one of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view of a further embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

3bis is a view of another embodiment of claim 40.

FIGS. 8-13 show various operations of a manufacturing method of a metal sealing device of the present invention.

Figa and 14b show a method of installing the sealing device shown in Fig.2, on a bottle.

FIGS. 15a and 15b, similar to FIG. 14, show a method of mounting the sealing apparatus shown in FIG. 5 on a bottle.

FIGS. 16a and 16b, similar to FIG. 14, show a method of mounting the sealing device shown in FIG. 4 on a bottle.

17 and 18 show the elements of the sealing device according to item 13 and the dependent paragraphs, as well as their layout.

FIGS. 19 and 20 show the apparatus of claim 33 for manufacturing a truncated cone shaped metal sealing device of the present invention during two different operations.

Fig is an image of a vessel to which is attached a glass for drinks, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the bottom of this vessel.

FIGS. 22, 23, 24 show various embodiments of the sealing device of this invention in which a rigid cup-shaped element is connected to a cup-like extension that closes the protective o-ring and the beverage cup, the shape of which matches the shape of the bottom of this vessel.

25 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder with holes in a position where it holds a membrane disc under vacuum, which is mounted in a rigid cup-shaped element.

FIG. 26 shows a cylinder divided into two segments that can be tilted apart to mount a membrane disc in a rigid cup-shaped element.

Claims (41)

1. Device for sealing or tightly closing bottles (1) or similar vessels, characterized in that it contains at least two elements that are constantly held together, namely a rigid cup-shaped element (3) having the shape of a hollow body of revolution formed by a hollow a cylinder or a truncated cone with a closed bottom, which is made of metal, plastic or other material having similar properties, as well as a stretchable plastic membrane (2), which is motionlessly stretched over the rim of the open end of the rigid an asheid element (3), or it is preferably stretched perpendicular to the axis of the said cylinder or a truncated cone in any suitable way in a plane located between the closed bottom and the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), and when this device is installed on the neck of the vessel (1), the membrane is stretched, which causes its tight adhesion with the edge of the neck, and made in the form of a cylinder or a truncated cone, the outer wall has means for connection by deformation or screw joint unity with the interacting circular ridges (101) or the external thread of the outer part of the neck of the vessel (1), as well as sealing means (4) located between the closed bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element and the edge of the neck of the vessel (1). 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane can be mounted on a rigid cup-shaped element (3) in several different ways, both by means of an adhesive joint, and by using another type of adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the membrane (2) can be mounted on a rigid cup-shaped element (3) by directly attaching to the edge that surrounds the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element (3). 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the edge that surrounds the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) can be expanded in such a way as to form its expanded and / or thickened part, or a shoulder, which provides a wider surface for adhesion to the membrane (2). 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the membrane (2) extends in a radial direction beyond the mentioned edge and forms a peripheral annular surface intended for attachment to the end part made in the form of a cylinder or a truncated cone of the outer wall of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) adjacent to its open end. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the annular peripheral border of the membrane (2) is tightly coupled to the outer surface of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) due to the natural elastic properties of the membrane (2). 7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plastic membrane (2) of the elastomer is mounted on a sleeve (13) or a cylindrical ring nut (11) open from both ends, and the ring nut (11) has such an inner diameter that when the membrane (2) is stretched over the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), and the annular peripheral border of the said membrane (2) overlaps by a certain amount the outer surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), then the ring nut (11) is installed due to its control cost and / or shape on top of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) along a part of its length in the axial direction at the open end of this rigid cup-shaped element (3), thereby pressing the peripheral border of the membrane (2) against the outer surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) . 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) to the diameter of the sleeve (13) is such that the sleeve (13) extends along the inner surface of the side wall of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) to a certain depth in axial direction, while pressing its outer surface of the annular peripheral edging of the membrane (2), which overlaps the outer surface of the sleeve (13), to the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of the rigid cup-shaped element (3). 9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the membrane (2) can also subsequently be welded or simultaneously glued. 10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve (13) or ring nut (11) may have guide surfaces, which can be, if such a sleeve or ring nut is designed to fit with an interference fit in a rigid cup-shaped element (3) , conical or rounded narrowing of the lead-in end. 11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the membrane (2) is recessed into an assembly consisting of a rigid cup-shaped element (3) and a sleeve (13) or an annular nut (11). 12. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve (13) or an annular nut (11) and a rigid cup-shaped element (3) are connected using circular ridges of one of these two elements interacting with circular recesses of the other element, these circular recesses can be made initially or formed by deformation of the circular ridges of another element when they are connected. 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in combination with a rigid cup-shaped element (3), an elastomeric cup-shaped element (82) is made, the cylindrical wall of which is configured to be in contact with the inner cylindrical or truncated conical shape of the surface of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), said rigid cup-shaped element (3) having an axial depth greater than the elastomeric cup-shaped element (82), which serves as a stretchable membrane. 14. The device according to item 13, wherein the stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element (82), preferably made by injection molding and having the shape of a cup with a peripheral rim, that is, a thickened and / or more rigid ring, is made in the form of a hollow a body of revolution of corresponding thickness with a closed bottom. 15. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the open end of the stretchable elastomeric cup-shaped element (82) has a stiffening collar, or an annular expanded rim (83), of any suitable shape from the same material, the inner diameter of the said collar, or annular the expanded rim preferably corresponds to the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) minus twice the thickness of the cylindrical part of the elastomeric cup-shaped element (82), while the outer diameter is equal to or greater than the outer diameter meter of the side wall of this rigid cup-shaped element (3), and the thickness is sufficient to give rigidity to the end face. 16. The device according to p. 15, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has a cylindrical or essentially cylindrical or conical or essentially conical shape and may have an annular seat (84) for an annular expanded rim (83) with increased stiffness. 17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element is made of plastic or metal, or combinations of the mentioned materials. 18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has sealing means (4), such as a disk or the like, between the membrane (2) and the closed bottom. 19. The device according to p. 18, characterized in that the sealing means is pre-installed from the inside of the bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element (3). 20. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has at least one hole (9) made in its closed bottom, which is tightly closed by a transparent wall (8) and extends over part or all of the surface of said bottom. 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the transparent wall (8) for tightly closing the hole (9) is also used as a seal and is fixed to the rigid cup-shaped element (3) by adhesive bonding, or welding, or using another type adhesion of a chemical and / or physical nature. 22. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has a sealing ring attached to its open edge, which is held on the rest of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) by a tear line requiring a certain destructive force, and providing connection such as a latch with an interference fit due to elastic forces on the vessel, or tightening it on the neck of the vessel (1) when interacting with at least one holding shoulder located at a predetermined distance in the axial direction from the edge of the neck of the suck and (1). 23. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when installing the rigid cup-shaped element (3) on the neck of the vessel (1), it extends a certain length from the neck of the vessel (1), thereby forming a glass-like extension (30) serving as a glass or a glass for drinks. 24. The device according to item 23, wherein the cup-shaped extension (30) of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has such a shape and diameter that its open end essentially adjoins or adheres to the outer surface of the vessel (1). 25. The device according to item 23, wherein the glass-like extension cord (30) is made integrally with a rigid cup-shaped element (3). 26. The device according to item 23, wherein the end portion of the side wall of the glass-like extension (30) having the shape of a skirt associated with a rigid cup-shaped element (3) has a shape element (34) that corresponds to the shape of the said rigid cup-shaped element ( 3), due to which the said end part forms a closed bottom of the glass, which is of such a size that it provides an interference fit and / or connection by means of a chemical and / or physical coupling with a rigid cup-shaped element (3). 27. The device according to item 23, wherein the open end of the side wall of the glass-like extension (30) of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) having the shape of a skirt, which has a contour matching the shape of the vessel (1), is closed and protected by a label ( 40), which overlaps both the vessel (1) and partially the wall of the said glass-like extension (30). 28. The device according to item 23, wherein the element (34) in the form of a plate, disk or the like is made on the outside of the closed bottom of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) and forms the base of the glass for drinks, that is, a glass-like extension (30) the diameter of which is preferably larger than the diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3). 29. The device according to p. 28, characterized in that the rigid cup-shaped element (3) has an end sealing ring (36), which extends along the entire edge of the open end of the said rigid cup-shaped element (3), and this sealing ring (36) is separated from the rest of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) by a rupture line requiring a certain breaking force, and this o-ring (36) forms a latch-type connection and / or due to compression behind the continuous or discontinuous annular shoulders (35) of the vessel (1), which are located lag at such a distance from the edge of the neck that, when the vessel is completely closed, the sealing ring (36) engages with the vessel, while the glass-like extension of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), which forms the beverage glass, extends towards the bottom of the vessel (1) and has an axial shape and length that covers the o-ring (36) and has such a small annular clearance with the vessel wall to prevent any access to the o-ring (36) by hand or another tool. 30. The device according to p. 23, characterized in that it contains an element (31) that serves as a glass for drinks, the shape of which corresponds to the bottom of the vessel (1) and ensures its connection to the said bottom of the vessel (1) with a slight tightness due to elastic forces, and the skirt-shaped side wall of said element (31) serving as a glass for drinks has such a length that the label (40) is located on top of the open edge of said element (31) serving as a glass for drinks, at least in the area near said open edge . 31. The device according to p. 30, characterized in that it contains both an element serving as a glass for drinks, that is, a glass-like extension cord (30) connected to a rigid cup-shaped element (3), and an element (31) serving as a glass for drinks and connected to the bottom of the vessel (1), and the open edges of both elements serving as cups for drinks are closed by means of the label (40) of this vessel. 32. A method of manufacturing a metal made in the form of a truncated cone sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in the following operations: rigid fixation of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) from the side opposite to its open end covered by the membrane (2), preferably using an electromagnet (37), which comes into contact with this rigid cup-shaped element (3) from the outside of its closed end; feeding this rigid cup-shaped element (3) into a cylindrical hole or a window of a corresponding diameter along the axis of said rigid cup-shaped element (3) and / or a cylindrical hole, with a stretching plastic membrane 2, previously stretched over the entrance to the said hole in any suitable way; stretching the membrane (2) around the open edge of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) when feeding it into the cylindrical hole and / or moving through this cylindrical hole, the membrane (2) acquiring the shape of a rotation paraboloid under the influence of internal bending stresses; cutting the membrane (2) around the rigid cup-shaped element (3), for example, using a sharp ring knife (38) located at a certain distance from the hole behind it, using the same force to press the rigid cup-shaped element to the membrane (2), and the knife (38) is made in the form of a console and connected to the inner surface of the hole, the diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) and smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical hole; due to the bending elastic stresses caused by the longitudinal tension of the stretching plastic polymer, the edge cut from the membrane material (2) is pulled together around the outer surface of the free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), its diameter becomes smaller than the largest diameter made in the form of a truncated cone of a rigid cup-shaped element (3), and it is finally fixed in the required position. 33. A method of manufacturing a sealing device according to claim 11, characterized in that the disk of the membrane (2), the diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), is first axially engaged under the influence of vacuum with a closed bottom of the hollow cylinder ( 21) having corresponding holes, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), for further feeding into this rigid cup-shaped element (3) and coupling with it using that part of the membrane disk (2), the diameter of which diameter greater than the operation of the cylinder (21) along the cylindrical portion rigid cup-shaped element (3) adjacent to its open end. 34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that instead of the hollow cylinder (21), a hollow truncated cone is used having a closed bottom, the smaller diameter of which has corresponding openings. 35. Installation or tool for implementing the method according to p. 33, characterized in that it contains a composite cylinder (21), that is, consisting of several parts, the outer diameter of which is less than the inner diameter of the rigid cup-shaped element (3), said composite the cylinder (21) in the longitudinal direction is divided into at least two segments (27), which have an angular solution width of 180 °, are identical and hollow, and also have a closed bottom and can be bent laterally with a pneumatic coul actuators, for example by means of pistons (28) and cylinders (28bis), respectively located between the segments (27), or by means of pneumatic chambers, moreover, they can be reduced to each other by corresponding springs, for example ring springs, which are external and internal span segments (27) of this composite cylinder (21). 36. Installation or tool according to claim 35, characterized in that each hollow segment (27) of the cylinder (21) is under the influence of vacuum and has at least one hole in its closed bottom for connection with the internal cavity. 37. Installation or tool according to claim 35, characterized in that it comprises mechanical drive means which carry out the operations of capturing the membrane disk (2), supplying it to the rigid cup-shaped element (3), and then pressing its part, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter cylinder (21), to the inner surface of the cylindrical part of this rigid cup-shaped element (3) to ensure adhesion. 38. A method of manufacturing a sealing device according to claim 11, in which the open end of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) is first expanded using a conical wedge (14), and then it is given a flat shape using a cylinder (15) with a flat end, while the rigid cup-shaped element (3) is held under the influence of vacuum (20) in the cavity (16) of the corresponding shape, and the disk of the membrane (2) is located on the flat surface of that part of this element that is bent 90 ° relative to the axis of the cylinder by any suitable way after che first, this edge with the membrane (2) mounted on it is brought back to its original position by first performing the reverse bending operation and then aligning it by rolling it with the corresponding rollers (17) with support rollers (18) and / or radial compression of the conical segments (19 ), which are connected in such a way that they form a kind of mandrel. 39. The method according to § 38 of the manufacture of the sealing device according to claim 11, characterized in that the expansion, flattening, installation of the membrane disc (2) and subsequent restoration of the position of the bent part can also be performed on perpendicular or trapezoidal surfaces limited by cuts (12) made in the cylindrical walls of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) with which the membrane (2) adheres. 40. The method according to § 38, characterized in that the operations of expanding or flattening with 90 ° bending of the free edge of the rigid cup-shaped element (3) can be performed by forming by rolling this rigid cup-shaped element (3) made of ductile metal. 41. The method according to p. 40, characterized in that the metal billet is fed into the corresponding opening form and, under the influence of rolling, is distributed throughout the volume of the form, and the operations according to p. 40 are performed subsequently.

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