RU232595U1 - Bulk material container - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to containers for safe transportation and short-term storage of bulk materials, such as cement, flour, sand, grain, compound feed, granules, etc. The container can be used for superstructure on a car chassis or as a separate transport vehicle of category O4 - a tank semitrailer for coupling with a tractor of a road train. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the container for bulk materials is a horizontally located container made in the form of 2 (two) to 4 (four) compartments with the possibility of installing partitions between them, each of which is a cylindrical shell with a discharge cone having an ellipse in the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the discharge cone, the container is made with two elliptical bottoms inclined to the horizon. The elliptical bottoms are connected to the cylindrical shell using sectors made in the form of rolled sectors with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical shell. At the joints of the sections there are reinforcements. The components of the bulk material container structure are connected to each other by welded joints. In the upper part of the container, each section has hatches with hermetically sealed lids. The technical result of the utility model is an increase in the manufacturability of the container structure and the work performed, which consists in the possibility of transporting various bulk cargoes in one container without mixing them. 5 fig.

Description

The utility model relates to containers for safe transportation and short-term storage of bulk materials such as cement, flour, sand, grain, compound feed, granules, etc. The container can be used for superstructure on a car chassis or as a separate vehicle of category O4 - a tank semi-trailer for coupling with a tractor of a road train.

A tank for transporting various types of cargo is known [RU 1528675, B60P 3/22, published 15.12.89. Bulletin No. 45], which has a rigid body and elastic membranes inside it. The elastic membranes are attached to an elastic shell, hermetically secured along the perimeter of the body, and divide the latter into parts. The tank can transport liquid, viscous and bulk cargo. When loading bulk cargo, the elastic membranes are in the lower position and pressed against the walls of the body. Loading and unloading of cargo is carried out through the neck located on the top of the body.

The disadvantages of the considered tank for transporting various types of cargo are the low technology of unloading bulk cargo through the neck, the need for special devices for unloading.

Also known is a bulk cargo tank [Author's Certificate No. 1122577, IPC B65D 88/54, published 07.11.1984, Bulletin No. 41], which contains a boiler, loading and unloading devices, driven rippers with blades and nozzles oriented towards them, connected to a compressed air supply system, side slopes, air chutes and dividers, having a trapezoidal shape in plan, installed behind the rippers and limited on their side by walls on which the nozzles are located, while the nozzles are connected to each other and to the air chutes by a common pipe.

The disadvantages of the bulk cargo tank under consideration are the complexity of the design, as a result of which the manufacturing is highly labor-intensive and low-tech, and the impossibility of making several compartments in the tank for transporting various bulk cargo.

A transportable sealed power container for bulk materials is known [RU 2013323 C1, IPC B65D 88/12, published 1994.05.30] consisting of a cylindrical horizontal shell, a front bottom and a rear bottom, formed in the lower part of the cylindrical shell, at least one pouring cone, connected to each other, characterized in that each bottom consists of an upper part and a transition piece for connecting the upper part of each bottom to the pouring cone, wherein the upper part of each bottom is formed by a section of the surface of an ellipsoid of revolution or a section of a torospherical surface, and the transition piece of each bottom is formed by a section of the surface of an ellipsoid of revolution or a section of the surface of a triaxial ellipsoid. This device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this design in relation to the claimed utility model is the presence of a transition part with complex geometry, which reduces the manufacturability of the container. There are no partitions between the compartments, as a result of which there is no possibility of transportation without mixing of dissimilar bulk materials. The joints of the cones in this container are the place of stress concentration in this design, which entails a reduction in the service life due to the destruction of the butt joint of the cones, to prevent this, an increase in the thickness of the sheet metal, therefore, an increase in the mass of the container and a decrease in the payload.

The objective of the utility model is to improve manufacturability by improving the design of the container, making it possible to divide it into sections, reducing the labor intensity of unloading bulk cargo, and reducing the weight of the container.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is an increase in the technological efficiency of the container design and the work performed, which consists in the ability to transport various bulk cargoes in one container without mixing them, and an increase in the payload.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the bulk material tank is a horizontally located tank made in the form of 2 (two) to 4 (four) compartments with the possibility of installing partitions between them, each of which is a cylindrical shell with a discharge cone having an ellipse in the section perpendicular to the axis of the discharge cone, the tank is made with two elliptical bottoms inclined to the horizon. The elliptical bottoms are connected to the cylindrical shell using sectors made in the form of rolled sectors with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical shell. There are reinforcements at the joints of the compartments. The components of the bulk material tank structure are connected to each other by welded joints. In the upper part of the tank, hatches with hermetically sealed lids are made on each compartment.

The utility model is illustrated by the following figures:

Fig. 1 - a tank with four compartments: 1 - two elliptical bottoms; 2 - cylindrical shell; 3 - unloading cone; 4 - hatch; 6 - amplifiers; 7 - partition; 8 - sector;

Fig. 2 - a tank with three compartments: 1 - two elliptical bottoms; 2 - cylindrical shell; 3 - unloading cone; 4 - hatch; 6 - amplifiers; 7 - partition; 8 - sector;

Fig. 3 - a container with two compartments: 1 - two elliptical bottoms; 2 - a cylindrical shell; 3 - a discharge cone; 4 - a hatch; 6 - amplifiers; 7 - a partition; 8 - a sector;

Fig. 4 - tank with superstructure superstructure on automobile chassis: 1 - two elliptical bottoms; 2 - cylindrical shell; 4 - hatch; 5 - automobile chassis; 8 - sector;

Fig. 5 - cross-section of the unloading cone.

The bulk material tank can be divided into sections by partitions (7) from 2 (two) to 4 (four), which consist of cylindrical shells (2), unloading cones (3) having an ellipse in the section perpendicular to the axis of the unloading cone, reinforcements (6) and two elliptical bottoms (1) and sectors (8). In the upper part of the tank on each section there are hatches (4) with hermetically sealed lids. The tank can be made of both steel and aluminum alloys. All elements of the tank are connected to each other by welding. Also, the bulk material tank can be built on a car chassis (5).

The division of the tank into sections by partitions (7) allows transporting various bulk cargoes in one tank without mixing them. The number of sections from one to four is necessary, since with more than four sections the useful space at the permissible length of the road train is not used rationally, the useful volume of the sections is sharply reduced, the mass of the tank increases.

Unloading cones (3) having an ellipse in the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the unloading cone are intended for unloading transported bulk materials. Optimum unloading conditions are achieved provided that the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the unloading cone to the horizon is greater than the angle of natural repose of the transported bulk cargo by 5...10 degrees [Calculation of steel structures: Handbook / Ya. M. Likhtarnikov, D. V. Ladyzhensky, V. M. Klykov. - 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. - K.: Budivelnik, 1984. P. 368]. A cone having an ellipse in the cross-section perpendicular to its axis has a variable angle of inclination of the generatrix of the unloading cone to the horizon, which makes it possible to transport various bulk materials with a wide range of angles of natural repose, while maintaining optimal unloading conditions. In combination with pneumatic unloading with aeration, the unloading process is significantly simplified and the time for the technological cycle of unloading operations is reduced.

Elliptical bottoms (1) inclined to the horizon allow to increase the useful volume of the tank. The inclination of the elliptical bottom to the horizon allows to smooth out the angle of transition from the elliptical bottom to the cone without using additional transition elements of complex shape, which reduces stresses in the walls of the tank during unloading.

Sectors (8) are made in the form of rolled sectors with a diameter equal to the diameter of the shell (2), simple and technologically advanced in manufacture, connects the shell to the bottom.

Reinforcers (6) are installed at the joints of the compartments, which locally strengthen the structure of the tank and make it possible to reduce the thickness of the sheet metal of the tank, as a result of which the weight of the structure is reduced and the payload is increased.

In the upper part of the tank, each section has hatches with hermetically sealed lids, designed to fill the tank with bulk cargo. Unloading is carried out pneumatically under pressure with additional aeration, through a cone-shaped unloading device. The cylindrical shape of the shells (2) facilitates optimal filling of the tank with various transported bulk cargo.

The increase in useful load can be achieved by replacing the material of the tank with aluminum alloys, which reduces the mass of the tank. It is also possible to reduce the total mass of the tank for bulk cargo by using high-strength steels, which will lead to a decrease in the wall thickness by 1.5-2 times.

Assembly - welding of the bulk material container is performed on special stands. The unloading cones are connected to each other, then the reinforcements with partitions are installed, then the shells with sectors are attached, and finally the elliptical bottoms are welded.

The utility model operates as follows: the manufactured container is filled with bulk material for transportation, unloading is carried out pneumatically under pressure with additional aeration, through a cone-shaped unloading device.

Claims (1)

A container for bulk materials, which is a horizontally located container made in the form of two to four compartments with the possibility of installing partitions between them, each of which is a cylindrical shell with a discharge cone having an ellipse in the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the discharge cone, the container is made with two elliptical bottoms inclined to the horizon, wherein the elliptical bottoms are connected to the shells using sectors made in the form of rolled sectors with a diameter equal to the diameter of the cylindrical shell, in addition, at the joints of the compartments, reinforcements are installed, in the upper part of the container on the compartments there are hatches with hermetically sealed lids, and all elements of the container are connected to each other by welded joints.