RU2325595C1 - Economizer ash collector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems.

SUBSTANCE: economizer ash collector can be used in district boiler houses and on thermal power plants for lowering temperature of released gases, with obtaining of hot water for household use, as well as reduction of solid emissions from chimneys. The economizer ash collector consists of vertical cylindrical case, divided by a partition wall into two parts, inlet and outlet connection pipes, reservoir with an outlet connection pipe for hot water to the consumer and mud collector. In the dropping and lifting parts of the case there are rows of perforated caps and there are guide plates between them, at an angle of 30-35° to the horizontal. Above the case there is a double beat distributor valve, connected through the inlet connection pipe to the cold water supply system, and the outlet connection pipes are connected to the upper parts of the inlet and outlet connection pipes of the case. At the inlet connection pipe of the case and the outlet connection pipe of the reservoir there are temperature sensors. The sensors are electrically connected through impulse lines to temperature regulators, and a reversible motor, as well as a reversible electromagnetic clutch, acting on the double beat distributor valve.

EFFECT: regulation of flow of cold water depending on its temperature and effective cleaning of smoke fumes.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in quarterly, district boiler houses and thermal power plants to reduce the temperature of flue gases, to produce hot water for household needs, as well as to reduce solid emissions from the chimney.

A device for humidification of air is known, comprising a casing enclosing an air duct, an atomizer installed in the upper part of the casing, a fan and a container located in the lower part of the casing, as well as perforated visors mounted on the air duct (A.S. 881463, F24F 6/12 , BI No. 42, 1981, USSR).

The known device does not heat the water entering it, and does not purify the air supplied to it by a fan.

A two-seat control valve is known, comprising a housing with an inlet and two outlets, in which a stem is installed perpendicular to the fluid flow, with two valves moving relative to the seats, and when the stem rotates from the outside, the valves diverge or come closer, when the stem moves horizontally, the fluid flow is redistributed on two exits (AS 436958, F16K 31/36, BI No. 27, 1974, USSR).

A known dispensing valve can automatically reduce or increase fluid flow, or distribute along its outlet pipes, depending on the temperature of the produced hot water.

Known utilization water heater containing a vertical cylindrical body, inside which there is a gas duct with holes, the atomizer and discs installed at a slope have concentric holes (RF Patent No. 2194223, F24H 1/10, BI No. 34, 2002).

The well-known recycling water heater is designed to work with flue gases cleaned of solid inclusions, in its design there is no sludge collector and its periodic removal.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is an apparatus for conducting heat and mass transfer processes, comprising a housing partitioned inside by partitions, the housing being made in the form of a bifurcated pipe in the upper part and provided with a longitudinal perforated partition (Patent No. 311444, B01D 3/24, BI No. 24, 1971, USSR).

The design of the known apparatus does not provide for a decrease in the temperature of the flue gases entering it, as well as for their cleaning from solid inclusions.

An economizer-ash collector is proposed, comprising a vertical cylindrical body divided by a partition into two parts, an inlet and an outlet nozzle, a container with an outlet nozzle, and temperature controllers. A series of perforated visors are attached to the inner walls of the lowering and lifting parts of the casing, with arcuate slots made in the lifting part of the casing and installed at an angle of 30-35 °, and between the visors in the partition at an angle of 30-35 ° there are perforated guide plates over which the partition is made of rectangular slots, and the housing is mounted on a container with a sludge collector, and on top of it is a two-seat control valve connected through an inlet to a cold water supply system and the outlet pipes are connected to the upper parts of the inlet and outlet pipes of the housing, the flue gas temperature sensor mounted on the inlet pipe is electrically connected via pulse lines to a temperature controller and a reversible electric motor mounted movably on a plane, through the rod it contacts the control valve valves, and the hot water temperature sensor installed on the outlet pipe of the tank, through impulse lines, is electrically connected with a temperature controller and a reversible electric a magnetic clutch mounted motionless on a plane and connected to a motor with a pusher. The sump is made of transparent material.

Figure 1 shows the economizer-ash collector, a longitudinal section, figure 2 is the same, a section along aa in figure 1.

The economizer-ash collector contains a vertical cylindrical body 1, divided by a partition 2 into two parts, a lowering 3, with an inlet pipe 4 and a lifting 5 with an outlet pipe 6, which are connected to a boiler unit (not shown) and a smoke exhauster (not shown), respectively. Regularly perforated visors 7 and 8 with holes 9 are attached to the inner walls of the lowering 3 and lifting 5 parts of the housing 1 at an angle a (30-35 °). In the visors 8, arcuate slots are made 10. Between the visors 7 and 8 on the partition 2 at an angle α (30-35 °) perforated guide plates 11 are installed, above which rectangular slots are made in the partition 2 12. The housing 1 is mounted on a container 13 having a nozzle 14, hot water outlet to the consumer, and also a sludge collector 15 with a purge valve 16. The sump 15 is made from transparent material. On top of the housing 1, a two-seat control valve 17 is installed, having an inlet pipe 18 connected to a cold water supply system and output pipes 19 and 20 connected to the upper parts of the pipes 4 and 6 of the housing 1, respectively. The flue gas temperature sensor 21 mounted on the inlet pipe 4 is electrically connected through the impulse lines 22 to a temperature controller 23 and a reversible electric motor 24 mounted movably on the plane 25, through the stem 26 it contacts the valves (not shown) of the control valve 17. Temperature sensor 27 hot water installed on the outlet pipe 14 of the tank 13, through impulse lines 28 is electrically connected with a temperature controller 29 and a reversible electromagnetic clutch 30, mounted stationary on the plane 25, and knitted to the motor 24, the pusher 31.

The economizer ash collector operates as follows. All boilers operate with variable load during the day. The volume and temperature of the flue gases exiting from them periodically change. Suppose that the temperature of the flue gas has risen. The temperature sensor 21 through the impulse lines 22 gives a signal to the temperature controller 23, which drives the motor 24. The rod 26, rotating, brings the valves together (see valve 17 design) and thereby increases the total flow of cold water. According to the nozzles 19 and 20, cold water rushes under its weight to the upper peaks 7 and 8, as well as to the plates 11, flowing through their openings to the next peaks and plates. Drops of water are heated by hot flue gases and solid particles (ash, soot) are taken from them. Heated water is collected in a tank 13, from where it is disassembled through a pipe 14 for consumption. The accumulated sludge-water mixture in the lower parts of the visors 8 and at the partition 2 of the plates 11 flows down through the arcuate slots 10 and rectangular slots 12, respectively. As the accumulation of sludge in the sludge trap 15, it is removed through the valve 16. The decrease or increase in the temperature of hot water in the tank 13 is controlled by the temperature sensor 27. It gives a signal through the pulse lines 28 to the temperature controller 29, which acts on the reversible coupling 30, which moves the pusher 31 and the motor 24 with the rod 26 in a horizontal position and thereby increases the flow water in the pipe 19 or 20. When the temperature of the flue gas decreases, the process will change and there will be a decrease in the flow of cold water through the valve 17 and its distribution among the pipes 19 and 20. Cold water coming from the distribution divider valve 17 to branch pipes 19 and 20, selects from the flue gases in the standpipe portion 3 of the housing 1, the large fraction of solid waste, and in lifting parts 5 - small fractions. Gases entering through the pipe 6 to the exhaust fan have a high degree of purification, up to 95-98% or more.

The proposed economizer-ash collector is simple in design, compact, efficient in cleaning flue gases and heating water to the required temperature. It has a long overhaul period, i.e. replacement of worn visors and plates with new ones.

Claims (2)

1. An economizer-ash collector containing a vertical cylindrical body, divided by a partition into two parts, an inlet and an outlet nozzle, a container with an outlet nozzle and temperature controllers, characterized in that orderly perforated visors with arched slots are attached to the inner walls of the lowering and lifting parts of the housing in the lifting part of the body and installed at an angle of 30-35 °, and between the visors in the partition at an angle of 30-35 °, perforated guide plates are installed over which Rectangular slots are made in the casing, with the casing mounted on a container with a sludge collector, and on top of it there is a two-seat control valve connected through an inlet pipe to a cold water supply system, and the outlet pipes are connected to the upper parts of the casing inlet and outlet pipes, a flue gas temperature sensor mounted on the inlet pipe, through impulse lines, is electrically connected to a temperature controller and a reversible electric motor mounted movably on a plane, through a activates with valves of the control valve, and the hot water temperature sensor installed on the outlet pipe of the tank is electrically connected via pulse lines to a temperature controller and a reversible electromagnetic clutch mounted motionless on a plane and connected to the electric motor by a pusher. 2. The economizer ash collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the sludge collector is made of a transparent material.

Images