RU2320543C1 - High-filled silver-containing granulated material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: filter materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to high-filled silver-containing granulated materials used in gravity and pressure filters in water-treatment apparatuses for silver ion-mediated disinfection of water cleaned with sorption, membrane, distillation, and other techniques, or to provide bacteriostatic effect of sorption charge. High-filled silver-containing granulated material contains, wt %: polyethylene 35-45, polyethylene wax 1-6, schungite 38-55, silver sulfate 0.5-6, sodium chloride 1-5, and calcium stearate 0.5-2.

EFFECT: created material characterized by uniform and stable isolation of silver ions into water being treated with high resource of operation time ensured.

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Description

The invention relates to highly filled silver-containing granular materials used in pressureless and pressure filters in water treatment devices for disinfection with silver ions of water purified by sorption, membrane, distillation, and other methods, or to provide a bacteriostatic effect of sorption loading.

Silver-modified neutral carriers are known:

- coal (Japanese application 08192153, C02F 1/42, publ. 06/30/1996; Russian patent 2077493, C02F 1/28, publ. 04/20/1997; Russian patent 215032, B01J 20/20, publ. 10.06.2000; Russian patent 2145259, B01J 20/20, publ. 10.02.2000);

- zeolites (Russian patent 2049053, СВВ 31/08, publ. 11/27/1995).

The disadvantage of this type of material is a mild bacteriostatic effect, which significantly reduces the time of application of cleaning systems.

Known silver-containing ion-exchange materials:

International application WO 56454, B01J 39/04, publ. 09/28/2000; Japanese Application 1268611, A01N 61/00, publ. 04/18/1988; Russian patent 2048855, B01D 24/08, publ. 11/27/1995. The use of materials of this type in mineralized waters is difficult due to the uneven and high release of silver due to the occurrence of ion exchange.

Known highly filled plastic granules for water conditioning with silver, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium ions, etc., which are closest in technical essence and achieved effect to the proposed material, processed by extrusion at a temperature of 30-60 ° C above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic, obtained when the ratio of components in the mixture, wt.%: thermoplastic - 26-70, mineral and / or organic additives - 30-74 (RF patent No. 2096341, MKI C02F 1/68, publ. November 20, 1997 - prototype).

In particular, polyolefins (high and low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene) can be used as thermoplastic according to the prototype, and metal oxides (in particular, CaO, MgO), salts (in particular, sulfates, carbonates, calcium halides) can be used as mineral additives , magnesium, sodium, potassium and silver), sorbents (in particular, activated carbon) or mixtures of these components (column 5, paragraphs 4 and 6).

Closest to the composition of the proposed highly filled silver-containing granular material granulate of the following composition, wt.%:

- thermoplastics (low pressure polyethylene) - 26;

- mineral additive (activated carbon, Ag ₂ SO ₄ , CaSO ₄ , MgCO ₃ , MgO, NaCl, KCl) - 74 (column 7, example 1).

The main disadvantage of the prototype is the unevenness and a very high level (significantly exceeding the MPC) of the release of silver ions into water, especially after interruptions in the work of the material.

An object of the invention is the creation of a highly filled silver-containing granular material, which allows to obtain a technical result, which is manifested in the uniformity and stability of the release of silver ions in the treated water while ensuring a high service life of the material.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that a highly filled silver-containing granular material for disinfection of drinking water with ionic silver, including polyethylene and inorganic substances in the form of salts of inorganic acids, additionally contains shungite, polyethylene wax and calcium stearate in the following ratio, wt.%:

polyethylene 35-45 polyethylene wax 1-6 shungite 38-55 silver sulfate 0.5-6 sodium chloride 1-5 calcium stearate 0.5-2

The fundamental difference between the proposed material from the prototype is the introduction of shungite in combination with polyethylene wax. Shungite is a natural material with sorption, catalytic and bactericidal properties (III International Scientific and Practical Conference “Household Drinking and Wastewater: Problems of Purification and Use. Collection of materials. Penza, June 7-8, 2001. P.39-41; RF patent 2074120, MKI C02F 1/28, publ. 05.21.1997).

Highly filled silver-containing granular material for disinfection of drinking water with ionic silver is made by the following method: pre-dried and ground components, taken in a certain ratio, are mixed, the resulting mixture is extruded at a temperature of (165 ± 15) ° C through a die with a diameter of 2 mm, strands are cut into granules with a length 2-8 mm.

The efficiency of the obtained highly filled silver-containing granular material for disinfection of drinking water with ionic silver is characterized by the release of silver ions into the treated water. For this, the granulate taken in an amount of 10 cm ³ is placed in a column with an inner diameter of 12 mm and distilled water is passed at a speed of 30 cm ³ / min at room temperature.

The mass concentration of ionic silver in the filtrate is determined by the photocolorimetric method using p-dimethylamino-benzylidenerodanine (Guidance on the chemical and technological analysis of water // M .: Stroyizdat - 1973. - 272 p.).

The resource of work of the material is characterized by the ratio of the total volume of the obtained water containing ionic silver to one volume of the loaded material (vol./vol.).

To prove the applicability of a highly filled silver-containing granular material for conditioning water with silver ions, examples of their implementation are given (see table).

Example 1

Shungite brand SHN5 with a mass fraction of carbon 25-40% (TU 2169-002-56840806-2003 schungite filler) is dried at a temperature of (105 ± 2) ° C for (3.5 ± 0.5) hours;

Silver sulfate, sodium chloride, powdered polyethylene of high (GOST 16337-77) or low (GOST 16338-85) pressure; polyethylene wax; calcium stearate (TU 6-09-4233-76) is individually crushed to a particle size of not more than 0.25 mm.

The following abbreviations have been introduced:

High pressure polyethylene - LDPE; low pressure polyethylene - HDPE; shungit - Sh; polyethylene wax - PV; activated carbon - AU.

Prepared salts, polyethylene, shungite, polyethylene wax and calcium stearate are taken in the ratio, wt.%:

LDPE - 40; PV - 5; W - 48; silver sulfate - 5; sodium chloride -1.5; calcium stearate - 0.5.

Loaded into a ball mill and stirred for 2 hours. The resulting mixture was extruded at a temperature of (165 ± 15) ° C through a die with a diameter of 2 mm. Strands are cut into granules 2-8 mm long.

The performance characteristics of the materials for all examples are given in the table.

Examples 2-4. Highly filled silver-containing granular materials are obtained according to the method described above, but using other qualitative and quantitative compositions from the declared ones, example 5 is based on the prototype.

Example 2

The composition, wt.%:

LDPE - 35; W - 55; PV - 6; silver sulfate - 0.5; sodium chloride - 1.5; calcium stearate - 2.0.

Example 3

The composition, wt.%:

HDPE - 45; W - 38; PV - 5; silver sulfate - 6; sodium chloride - 5; calcium stearate - 1.0.

Example 4

The composition, wt.%:

LDPE - 45; W - 44; PV - 1; silver sulfate - 6; sodium chloride - 3.0; calcium stearate - 1.0.

Example 5. The prototype

The composition, wt.%:

Thermoplast (HDPE) - 26; mineral additive (AU-8, Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 3, a mixture of CaSO ₄ , MgCO ₃ , MgO, NaCl, KCl-63) - 74.

The presented examples confirm that the introduction into the composition of the processed composition of shungite and polyethylene wax in the proposed ratios ensures the achievement of the following technical result:

- uniformity of silver: the concentration of silver when passing 0.05 l of water and 1.0 l is 1.0 mg / l (according to the prototype 36 and 1.0, respectively),

- stability of silver emission: silver concentration when passing water from 0.05 l to 10 l decreased from 1.0 mg / l to 0.18 mg / l (according to the prototype - from 36 mg / l to 0.20 mg / l) .

Table. The performance characteristics of highly filled silver-containing granular materials obtained in accordance with the invention in comparison with the prototype. Example No. The composition, wt.% Bulk weight, g / cm ³ The concentration of silver in distilled water, mg / l 0.05 liters 1st liter 10 liter Resource 1000 vol./about. 30 liter Resource 3000 rpm 50th liter Resource 5000 rpm 100 liter Resource 10000 rpm 0.5 day break * one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 one LDPE - 40
PV - 5
W - 48
Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 5
NaCI - 1.5
Stearate Sa - 0.5 0.56 1.0 1.0 0.18 0.16 0.08 0.05 0.4 2 LDPE - 35
PV - 6
W - 55
Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 0.5
NaCl - 1.5
Stearate Sa - 2.0 0.57 Ots. Ots. traces traces 3 HDPE - 45
PV - 5
W - 38
Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 6
NaCl - 5
Stearate Sa - 1.0 0.56 2.5 1.0 0.30 0.15 Not determined 0.6 four LDPE - 45
PV - 1
W - 44
Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 6
NaCl - 3.0
Stearate Sa - 1.0 0.55 3.0 1.0 0.40 0.25 Not determined 1.0 5 prototype Thermoplast (HDPE) - 26
Mineral additive (AU-8, Ag ₂ SO ₄ - 3, a mixture of CaSO ₄ , MgCO ₃ , MgO, NaCI, KCI - 63) - 74 0.84 36 1.0 0.20 Not determined >> 50 * After passing 3 liters, a break for 0.5 days
Sample volume 0.05 liters

At the same time, a high service life of the material is ensured: up to 10,000 rpm.

In addition, the introduction into the composition of the processed composition of shungite and polyethylene wax leads to a significant decrease in the concentration of silver during interruptions (compared with the prototype).

Moreover, the technical result obtained is not obvious. Information on the introduction of shungite in the composition of composite materials to ensure uniformity and stability of the release of silver ions in water was not found.

Claims (1)

Highly filled silver-containing granular material for disinfection of drinking water with ionic silver, including polyethylene, inorganic substances in the form of salts of inorganic acids, characterized in that it additionally contains shungite, polyethylene wax and calcium stearate in the following ratio, wt.%: polyethylene 35-45 polyethylene wax 1-6 shungite 38-55 silver sulfate 0.5-6 sodium chloride 1-5 calcium stearate 0.5-2