RU2315575C1 - Single use trocar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: surgical instruments.

SUBSTANCE: single-use trocar has endoscopic port and stiletto. Port is made in form of branch pipe provided with channel for putting instrument through; branch pipe is divided to internal cavity and external parts. Stiletto is made in form of rod. Rod ends up with sharpened tip at one end; there is handle at other end of rod. There is ring sealing in form of belt at wall of external part of branch pipe. Belt is made for being pressed by fingers or by instrument and for branch pipe sealing. Length of belt corresponds to anatomical sizes of surgeons or to 2-3 calibers of branch pipe. Monitoring of pathological process can be carried out in serous cavity through trocar without repeat laparocentesis.

EFFECT: improved reliability of sealing; reduced risk of rise of nosocomial complications; simplified technology of production of trocars; easier application of trocars.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to surgical instruments, the so-called disposable trocars.

Known designs of metal trocars used in hospitals.

Known trocar [1], the provision of sealing, in which during surgical procedures is carried out by compressing the elastic element with half couplings. This trocar has a valve mechanism of complex construction. To use it during the operation, you need to make a lapel, turn and lock the valve mechanism. However, when a tool is removed, depressurization may occur. The disadvantages of this design include the stiffness of the port, the complexity of the design.

Troakar [2] is a metal port, inside of which is a removable valve mechanism with an original seal. The main disadvantage of this trocar is its complex and rigid design.

A sleeve trocar [3] with a variable insulated passage is a device that relates to sleeve trocars that seal the opening of the input of an endoscopic instrument into the sleeve. The disadvantages of this trocar design are its complexity and rigidity.

The trocar [4] has a port with a tube and a rotatable lid. The joint arrangement of the tube and the cover makes up the flap type valve device. The main disadvantages of this trocar design are the large number of components and the presence of a metal port, as well as the need to perform additional manipulations by the surgeon during the operation.

Trocar [5] can be adopted as a prototype. It has a metal port with a plastic tube and an elastic rubber cap with a flap valve. The valve petal is located at an angle of 45 ° to the central tube. After removing the instrument from the trocar, the valve should return to its original position and press firmly against the end of the tube under the influence of excess pressure in the abdominal cavity. This is a fairly simple and convenient design. However, a small excess pressure in the abdominal cavity is not enough to press the petal to the tube due to the large inertia of the rubber when returning to its original position. In addition, the metal part of the port does not exclude the risk of injury to internal organs, and repeated use of it can lead to accidental transmission of infection.

The task of the invention is to monitor the pathological process in the serous cavity through a trocar without repeated laparocentesis, increase the reliability of sealing, reduce the risk of nosocomial complications, simplify the manufacturing technology of trocars and simplify the use of trocars.

The solution of the tasks is provided by the fact that:

- local ring thinning in the form of a girdle is made on the wall of the outer part of the nozzle, the length of which approximately corresponds to the anatomical size of the surgeons' fingers or 2-3 gauge of the nozzle, which ensures reliable tightness by pinching this girdle with fingers or a tool;

- the nozzle is made of flexible polymeric material, which provides the possibility of a long stay of the trocar in the serous cavity without the risk of developing pressure sores of the organs, monitoring of the pathological process in the serous cavity through the trocar without repeated laparocentesis, allows to simplify the trocar manufacturing technology and reduce the cost of the product;

- the stylet is made of rigid polymeric material, and the diameter of the stylet stem is approximately equal to the diameter of the pipe channel; moreover, the diameter of the tip is made somewhat larger than the diameter of the pipe in the zone of its adjacency to the tip; at the same time, an annular protrusion is made on the stylet rod, in the interface zone with the tip, and a corresponding cavity is made on the wall of the pipe channel, thereby ensuring ease of entering the port into the serous cavity without crushing it;

- the end surface of the protrusion on the rod is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the tip, and the corresponding end surface of the hollow on the wall of the pipe channel is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the port flange, thereby ensuring more reliable port retention on the stylet ;

- on the flange of the endoscopic port, a plug is movably fixed, which closes the internal hole, thereby ensuring the tightness of the cavity between surgical procedures;

- replacing the plug with a fitting allows for dynamic endoscopy and sanitation of the serous cavities of the body.

The proposed trocar retains the advantages of the prototype and has the following differences:

- on the wall of the outer part of the pipe made local ring thinning in the form of a belt, the length of which approximately corresponds to the anatomical size of the fingers of the surgeons or 2-3 calibers of the pipe;

- the nozzle is made of flexible polymeric material, and the stylet is made of rigid polymeric material and the diameter of the stylet rod is approximately equal to the diameter of the nozzle channel, and the diameter of the tip is made somewhat larger than the diameter of the nozzle in the area adjacent to the tip, and on the stylet rod, in the interface with a tip, an annular protrusion is made, and a corresponding cavity is made on the wall of the pipe channel;

- the end surface of the protrusion on the rod is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the tip, and the corresponding end surface of the cavity on the wall of the pipe channel is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the port flange;

- at the end of the endoscopic port, a plug replaced by a fitting is movably fixed.

These differences allow you to:

- increase the reliability of port sealing;

- reduce the risk of nosocomial infection;

- monitor the pathological process in the serous cavity through the trocar without repeated laparocentesis;

- long stay of the endoscopic port in the serous cavity;

- simplify the technology of manufacturing trocars;

- simplify the use of trocars.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents the main view of the trocar assembly with an explanatory diametrical section in the form of a breakout.

Figure 2 presents a diametrical section in the form of a breakout, explaining the use of the fitting.

Figure 3 - detail of the trocar "Port" in the diametric section, with clarifying sections aa and bb and view B.

Figure 4 - detail "stylet" with explanatory section BB and view A.

The trocar is a device consisting of an endoscopic port 1 made in the form of an elastic polymer pipe with a channel 2 for holding a tool divided by a flange 3 into an intracavitary 4 and an external 5 part, and a stylet 6 made in the form of a rod 7 bounded at one end by a tip 8 with a tip 9 and the other end with a handle 10. On the wall of the outer part of the pipe, a local ring thinning is made in the form of a band 11, the length of which approximately corresponds to the anatomical sizes of the fingers of surgeons or 2-3 ka Ibram pipe. The belt 11 is clamped by hand or tool to ensure tightness. The diameter of the stylet rod 7 is approximately equal to the diameter of the nozzle channel. The diameter of the tip 8 is made somewhat larger than the diameter of the pipe in the area of its adjacency to the tip. An annular protrusion 12 is made on the stylet rod 7 in the interface zone with the tip, and there is a corresponding cavity 13 on the pipe channel wall. The end surface 14 of the protrusion 12 on the rod is made in the form of a truncated cone with the vertex facing the tip, and the corresponding end surface 15 depressions 13 on the wall of the pipe channel is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the port flange. On the flange of the endoscopic port, a plug 16 is movably fixed, which is inserted into the inner hole to ensure continuous tightness. For drainage, plug 16 may be replaced by fitting 17.

The trocar is used as follows.

During endoscopy, port 1 is put on stylet 6 and fixed on the protrusion 12 of the stylet with its cavity 13. A small incision is made on the skin at the site of trocar insertion. After introducing the nozzle into the cavity, the stylet is removed. Before the final removal of the stylet, the port is pinched by the belt 11, and after the stylet is removed, the plug 16 is inserted and the clamped belt is pressed. Through the port, you can enter an endoscope or the necessary instrument. First, the band 11 is pinched, the plug 16 is removed, the endoscope is inserted and the clamped band is released. After performing endoscopic operations, if necessary, port 1 is not removed, but closed with a stopper 16 and, thereby creating a tightness, is fixed to the skin with a ligature thread over flange 3 and left in the serous cavity. The use of the fitting 17 instead of the plug 16 allows drainage of the serous cavity.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 3043076 C1, cl. A61B 17/34, 1995

2. Patent RU 2187266 C2, cl. A61B 17/34, 2002

3. US patent 6,945,983 B2, cl. A61B 17/34, 2005

4. Patent RU 2212198 C1, cl. A61 17/34, 2003

5. Patent RU 2212199 C1, cl. A61 17/34, 2003

Claims (4)

1. A disposable trocar, including an endoscopic port, made in the form of a nozzle with a channel for holding a tool, divided by a flange into intracavitary and external parts, and a stylet made in the form of a rod, limited from one end by a tip with a tip and from the other end by a handle, characterized the fact that on the wall of the outer part of the pipe there is an annular thinning in the form of a belt made for pinching with fingers or a tool and sealing the pipe, the length of the belt corresponding to the anatomical the size of the fingers of surgeons or 2-3 calibers of a branch pipe. 2. The trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made of flexible polymeric material, and the stylet is made of rigid polymeric material, and the diameter of the stylet stem is made equal to the diameter of the nozzle channel, the diameter of the tip is made larger than the diameter of the nozzle in the area adjacent to the tip, an annular protrusion is made on the stylet rod, in the interface zone with the tip, and a corresponding cavity is made on the wall of the pipe channel. 3. The trocar according to claim 2, characterized in that the end surface of the protrusion on the rod is made in the form of a truncated cone with the apex facing the tip, and the corresponding end surface of the cavity on the wall of the pipe channel is made in the form of a truncated cone with a vertex facing the port flange . 4. The trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the endoscopic port, a plug is replaced movably fixed by a fitting.

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