RU2311546C2 - Internal combustion engine with rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed internal combustion engine has rotor in body and expansion cylinder with piston. Rotor is rotated under pressure of combusted exhaust gases. Engine has at least one receiver with air, compressed air delivery, fuel feed and ignition control unit, spring lifting piston in upper position. Piston moves on rod. Locks are built into piston to hold it in upper position. At pressure rise, locks get out of engagement. Receiver is connected with mechanical and electric air pumps, and rotor is provided with inner spaces directed along axis of rotation.

EFFECT: increased economy, reduced toxicity of exhaust.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering.

An internal combustion engine with a rotor differs from the widely known piston and rotary engines (ICE), in which the stroke of the working body, i.e. gas pressure, occurs in two or four cycles, so that in the internal combustion engine with a rotor the gas pressure is continuous. Unlike conventional internal combustion engines (gasoline and diesel), the internal combustion engine with a rotor does not have complicated gas distribution systems and a crank mechanism.

The closest prototype of an internal combustion engine with a rotor can be considered turbochargers of a piston engine, which additionally inject air into the fuel intake system, which also work from exhaust gases. Unlike a turbocharger, the exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine with a rotor do not additionally pump air pressure into the intake system, but work completely to rotate the rotor.

In piston ICEs, the fuel mixture does not completely burn out and more toxic gases are discharged into the atmosphere due to the engine running in clock mode. Gas afterburners and catalysts in the exhaust gas system are not widely used.

The objective of the invention is to increase efficiency and reduce toxicity of exhaust gases.

The problem is solved in an internal combustion engine containing a rotor in the housing and an expansion cylinder with a piston, while the rotor rotates from the pressure of the burnt exhaust gases. According to the invention, the engine contains at least one receiver with air, a control unit for the supply of compressed air, fuel and ignition of the mixture, a spring that lifts the piston to the upper position, while the piston moves on the rod, latches are built into the piston to hold it in the upper position , with increasing pressure, the clamps disengage, the receiver is connected to mechanical and electric air pumps, and the rotor has internal cavities directed along the axis of rotation.

The design of the rotor and expansion cylinder allows the duty cycle to go on continuously, which leads to more complete combustion of the fuel and reduction of toxicity of exhaust gases. It is possible to use ICE with a rotor in a car as a generator drive due to lower toxicity and fuel consumption.

ICE contains a rotor 1 in the housing 2 and an expansion cylinder 3 with a piston 4, combined in one block. Air is supplied in compressed form from the receiver 5 under a pressure of 4-7 atm.

The rotor housing 1 is made with internal cavities 6 of rectangular cross section, directed along the axis of rotation. The number of cavities may vary. The intake manifold 7 is shaped so that one of the rotor cavities is constantly open for filling with burnt gases. The recesses 8 are made in the rotor housing for more stable rotation of the rotor 1. The expansion cylinder 3 is connected to the intake manifold 7. An inlet fitting 10 for supplying air, a fuel injection nozzle 11 and a spark plug 12 are integrated in the cylinder head 9. The piston 4 inside the cylinder serves to extrude burnt gases. Along its axis, the piston moves on the rod 13. The spring 14 as the gases are exhausted raises the piston 4 to the upper position. The piston has integrated latches 15 to keep it in the upper position to create pressure when air is supplied from the receiver 5 through the distributor 16. When the gases are burned and the pressure rises, the latches 15 disengage. The receiver 5 is connected to a mechanical 17 and an electric 18 air pumps to maintain air pressure.

Installation of receivers of various volume and quantity is possible. For a more rational use of burnt gases, two flaps are used. One at intake 19, the second at exhaust manifolds 20. The supply of compressed air, fuel and ignition of the mixture is carried out by the control unit 21. In this embodiment, the unit is controlled by the rod 13 through traction 22. The fuel from the tank 23 is supplied by a gasoline pump 24. To start the internal combustion engine with the rotor, the rod is lowered by the pedal 25 by 4-5 cm and then raised spring 14 upwards, which, when the control unit 21 is turned on, drives the supply of air, fuel and ignition.

In the upper position of the piston 4, compressed air is supplied to the expansion cylinder 3 from the receiver 5 and fuel through the nozzle 11. The spark plug 12 ignites this mixture. Expanding, the burnt gases press on the piston 4 of the cylinder 3 and the rotor 1, causing it to rotate. As the pressure decreases in the expansion cylinder 3, the piston 4, under the action of the spring 14, rises up. The damper 19 covers the intake manifold for a more uniform rotation of the rotor 1. The exhaust gas output is regulated by the damper 20. To operate the damper, you can use a tachometer or pressure sensor in the cavity of the rotor housing 26. The air in the receiver 5 is pumped by electric 18 and mechanical 17 air pumps. In operating mode, the number of piston strokes will decrease due to increased pressure.

When you stop the internal combustion engine with a rotor, the air pressure in the receiver 5 is supported by batteries. The rotor is equipped with a flywheel (not shown). The shutdown of the control unit 21 and the complete opening of the exhaust valve 20 stop the engine.

Literature

1. Internal combustion engines. Ed. V.N.Lukanina. M .: Higher school. 1985.311 s.

2. NN Patrahaltsev. Supercharging internal combustion engines. M.: Publishing House of RUDN. 2003.320 s.

Designations in the diagram:

1. The rotor

2. Rotor housing

3. The body of the expansion cylinder

4. The piston of the expansion cylinder

5. A receiver for compressed air

6. The internal cavity of the rotor

7. Intake manifold

8. Recesses in the rotor housing

9. The cylinder head

10. Compressed air connection

11. Fuel injector

12. Spark Plug

13. The piston rod

14. Stem spring

15. Piston locks

16. Air distributor

17. Mechanical air pump

18. Electric air pump

19. 3on the intake manifold

20. 3onlet on the exhaust manifold

21. The control unit for air and fuel

22. Traction control unit

23. Fuel tank

24. Electric gasoline pump

25. Pedal to start the engine

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine containing a rotor in the housing and an expansion cylinder with a piston, wherein the rotor rotates from the pressure of the burnt exhaust gases, characterized in that the engine contains at least one receiver with air, a control unit for supplying compressed air, fuel and ignition of the mixture , a spring that lifts the piston to the upper position, while the piston moves on the rod, locks are built into the piston to hold it in the upper position, when the pressure rises, the locks disengage, the receiver is connected with mechanical and electric air pumps, and the rotor has internal cavities directed along the axis of rotation.