RU2311259C1 - Apparatus for melting and metering easy-to-melt metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apparatuses for melting and metered pouring of easy-to-melt metals.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes hopper in the form of cylinder having inner cylinder; between walls of said cylinders heating members are arranged. Inner cylinder is changeable one and it has metering branch pipe and second branch pipe for communicating with atmosphere; both branch pipes are arranged diametrically in upper part of inner cylinder. Hopper is provided with turning device for providing melt level exceeding level of metering branch pipe. Interruption of flow for changing pouring mold is provided due to closing valve communicating with atmosphere.

EFFECT: possibility for using apparatus for automatic filling of molds of variable volume and variable shape, elimination of contact of metered metal with flow interrupters.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the simultaneous melting and dosing of low-melting metals (for example, gallium, melting point 29.7 ° C, sodium, melting point 87.7 ° C), in particular for batch dosing, and can be used in industrial enterprises for filling devices for processing cylinder liners and crankshafts of internal combustion engines, etc.

A device is known for casting and crystallization of metal (RF patent No. 2010668), containing a casting tank with an outlet channel and a nozzle for creating gas pressure above the metal surface, and a casting mold associated with the casting tank, characterized in that the casting tank is equipped with a filter baffle located in front of the outlet channel, and the inner surface of the mold is coated with lithium oxide. The device is intended for producing ingots for extrusion of lithium metal and is unsuitable as a universal technical solution.

Closest to the claimed, according to the maximum coincidence of essential features, is a metering device containing a hopper and a cutter mounted directly below the bottom of the hopper with the possibility of reciprocating movement, characterized in that a heating element, mesh, cylinder cover and nozzles are introduced into it, this hopper is made in the form of a cylinder with double walls, between which a heating element is placed, the grid is installed on the bottom of the hopper from the inside, and the cylinder cover presses the cutter against the bottom of the hopper is outside, and the bottom of the hopper and the cutter have an equal number of through holes located at the same distance from the central axis, the through holes in the bottom of the hopper are trapezoidal, and nozzles are inserted into the through holes of the cutter (RF patent No. 20144570). The latter is taken as a prototype. Its disadvantages include the use of complex mechanical mating units designed to interrupt and distribute a stream of metal. If for gallium this disadvantage is insignificant, for aggressive alkali metals and many liquid substances with high vapor pressure it creates insurmountable obstacles in use.

The claimed invention solves the technical problem of improving known devices by eliminating the contact of the dosed substance with the flow interrupters.

The named technical problem is achieved in that a device for melting and dosing low-melting metals, containing a hopper made in the form of a cylinder and an inner cylinder, between the walls of which there are heating elements, characterized in that the inner cylinder is removable and has a metering pipe and a second communication pipe with atmosphere located diametrically in its upper part, and the hopper is equipped with a rotary device with a horizontal axis of rotation to ensure that when turning the level is exceeded metal above the metering nozzle and ensuring communication of the second nozzle with the atmosphere of the inner cylinder and interrupting the message with the atmosphere by the valve at a given level of molten metal in the casting form.

In addition, the device is characterized in that the valve is connected to the metal level sensor in the casting form by a gas pipe.

The essence of the claimed device lies in the fact that the interruption of the flow of the dosed metal (liquid) to change the casting mold is achieved by creating a vacuum in the inner cylinder with the metal (liquid) by interrupting the message to the atmosphere. At the same time, communication with the atmosphere is interrupted by a signal from a level sensor located essentially in a filling form. If at the same time the level sensor is connected with a gas pipe to the hopper interrupt valve with the atmosphere, the effect of selection of the displaced gas from the filling mold into the hopper with the dosed liquid is achieved. This eliminates the spread of liquid vapor and prevents air pollution in the workroom. Figure 1 shows a section of the device in the mode of melting and preparation for a dosed spill; figure 2 presents a section of the device in a dosed filling mode.

The device consists of a cylindrical hopper 1 and an inner cylinder 2 with a heating element between them 3. The outer cylinder of the hopper is supported by a rotary unit with a fixed angle of rotation 4. The metering nozzle 5 and the nozzle of communication with the atmosphere 6 in the vertical position of the hopper ensure the removal of excess gas with increasing temperature . The level sensor 7 (in the specific case, the electrode type) in the form of an extended needle is located on the metering nozzle. In the dosed filling position, the excess of the liquid level over the dosing nozzle is achieved by tilting the hopper in the rotary assembly. The dispenser of liquid materials operates as follows.

When a power source is connected to a heating element, the metal heats up to a predetermined temperature and becomes liquid, acquiring the necessary fluidity. The prepared casting mold is located under the projection of the metering nozzle when the hopper is tilted. The hopper is tilted to the required angle to exceed the liquid level above the metering nozzle. Valve communication with the atmosphere 8 in the open state. Fluid begins to flow from the metering nozzle to the filling mold 9. Constant pressure in the hopper is maintained by sucking air through the nozzle to the atmosphere 6. When the set level is reached in the priming mold, the sensor 7 is activated, the communication valve with the atmosphere 8 connected by the gas pipe 10 is closed . The outflow of metal from the metering nozzle stops as a vacuum is created in the inner cylinder 2 above the liquid level. The filled filling form 9 is replaced by the next, the message with the atmosphere is restored, the cycle repeats.

The dosing speed is adjusted by the angle of the hopper 1. The moment of interruption of the flow is regulated by the removal of the sensor 7 or is carried out manually with visual inspection.

After releasing the inner cylinder, the hopper is moved to a vertical position to replace it.

Claims (2)

1. A device for melting and dosing low-melting metals, containing a hopper made in the form of a cylinder and an inner cylinder, between the walls of which are placed heating elements, characterized in that the inner cylinder is removable and has a metering nozzle and a second nozzle for communication with the atmosphere, located diametrically in its upper part, and the hopper is equipped with a rotary device with a horizontal axis of rotation to ensure when turning the excess of the metal level over the metering nozzle and to ensure wherein the message of the second pipe to atmosphere and interrupts the inner cylinder with the atmosphere communication valve by a predetermined level of molten metal in the casting form. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve is connected to a metal level sensor in a casting form by a gas pipe.

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