RU2310703C1 - General-purpose beater driving mechanism of apparatus for cleaning of blankets and carpet coverings of articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: beater driving mechanism has flat flexible beaters and single shaft for accommodation of beater block system. Beater is driven by means of pneumatic or hydraulic engine with reciprocating piston having toothed rack-type stem capable of meshing with toothed wheel rigidly put onto single shaft. Cam couplings are fixed on shaft, with number of cam couplings being equal to number of single-type beater blocks, said coupling cams contacting with levers hanging from pins. Lower ends of levers are contacting with spring-loaded L-shaped stops built-in on pins within plungers wherein tie-rods with stops are fixed at their other sides. L-shaped levers enable forced displacement of plungers with tie-rods with the result that tie-rods come into contact with levers of the entire row of beaters to bend the latter. Upon abutment of each upper arm of L-shaped stop against adjustment bolt, said arm rotates stop downward to release levers hung to pins, plungers, tie-rods and beaters for resilient impacting of the latter against article. Each lever hanging from pin is urged to initial position under the action of extension spring.

EFFECT: simplified construction and convenient maintenance.

3 cl, 10 dwg

Description

Despite the achievements of modern science and technology, the problem of hygienic cleaning of mass products, especially blankets, rugs, remains unresolved, problematic, and the reason for this is the lack of a mobile, universal, high-performance, affordable technical solution to the problem.

The vacuum industry has overshadowed the issue. Household amenities of vacuum cleaners are presented as an argument of an absolute, unique, sufficient solution.

The most infectious carrier — public blankets — generally remains an untouchable part of the solution. The army, camps, hospitals, hotels, hostels, motels, railways and air transport, hundreds of different institutions remain at a primitive level: hand knocking, washing, roasting, shaking, disinfection, airing.

Surface dust suction with carpet vacuum cleaners under the guise of external cleanliness does not allow you to see “who and what” is located below under the beautiful carpets, rugs, paths, the one who is able to see this, manually knocks them out periodically on the streets, in the yards.

The creation of technical devices that solve this problem is inevitable, it is due to a real, domestic need for hygiene. The problem is the technical solution, which must meet a significant number of features: conveyor flow, versatility, quality and defect-free cleaning, extreme compactness, simplicity and ease of maintenance and, of course, manufacturing cost.

This solution is fully consistent with the idea of patent No. 2232836 "Device for mechanical, dry dedusting of flat products such as carpets, blankets", its universal method of cleaning products by using elastic flat beats, the application of which practically covers all known methods of cleaning: shock pulse, vibration-rocking, evacuation, sweeping with brushes, blowing with compressed air, in addition to the little-known electrostatic, ineffective, expensive, unsafe.

The elastic impact of a flat beat on the product according to the invention is accompanied by the following series of physical phenomena: firstly, a direct shock pulse, which can be vibrationally repeated several times in one working stroke on a moving product on an elastic basis of the conveyor, contributes to the vibration-vibrational method of shaking out dust. It is assumed that this factor applies to both sides of the product / the ruler laid on the edge of the table demonstrates this phenomenon /.

Secondly, during the movement of the beat down, it intensively compresses the air that is between it and the product, thereby pushing it out, creates a complex swirl flow, blows out dust particles, and, returning to its original position, beat blows air with dust particles. Such an action is capable of overcoming the electrostatic attraction of particles characteristic of modern semi- and synthetic products. Raised dust particles are partially removed by the moving air stream from the work of the beats themselves, but mainly they are blown away by a free stream of air from the fan / provided in the patent /. This feature of the work beat, which structurally it is possible to widely change by fine-tuning the geometric and physical data / elastic /, while taking into account the ability to control kinematic data - the amplitude and frequency that is provided for by this application, create confidence in the practical implementation of the device.

In this application for the invention is considered as the original base prototype of the above patent RU No. 2232836.

In this prototype, the entire drive mechanism was interconnected by means of several shafts, necessary supports, sprockets, chains, a bulky superstructure, which makes the design clearly unacceptable, hiding the value of the cleaning method itself. The drive from a cylindrical gearbox with a rigid, stepped characteristic makes the device poorly adjustable, and another type of its execution unreasonably complicates the design, making it unacceptable due to complexity. It is completely impossible to use a different type of drive. The inevitable task arises of the need to provide for a number of secondary, additional drive properties, namely, such as the design capabilities of the universal nature of the drive. Instead of a cylindrical gearbox with unidirectional rotation, use other types, for example pneumatic, hydraulic motors, in particular widespread piston cylinders that have the ability to smoothly, flexibly control the cleaning parameters by changing the characteristics of the working fluid / air, oil / inlet.

In mass production, the uniformity of units, compactness, the convenience of technical and operational maintenance, and the wide range of control options for cleaning / readjustment are essential. To a large extent, the costly sector plays an important role, external attractiveness, and finally, in the design process - the possibility of having the simplest prototype to verify the expected results and select the optimal modes.

In known inventions, the drive of cleaning tools as a separate species is not considered in a separately designed form.

The objective of the proposed solution is to refine the original prototype, its drive mechanism beat to a completely new state as follows.

but. There is a universal possibility of using in one device any type of transformer of mechanical energy having a rotational movement of an independent direction, any translational, reciprocating, including manual.

The gear mechanism is not excluded, although the need to consider adjusting its frequency is inevitable. The possibility of using pneumatic and hydraulic motors, including reciprocating cylinders, with reciprocating movement of the rod, will provide by controlling the initial parameters of the working fluid / air, oil / smooth change in the operating frequency of the beat, in addition, the last type of drive, piston, mastered, has extremely widespread in modern industry and will put the implementation of patent 2232836 beyond difficulties.

b. Instead of a unified drive mechanism beat through shafts, sprockets, chains, which together represent an inaccessible system with its superstructure, the objective of the proposed mechanism is to provide a system of independent cleaning units with the possibility of their separate assembly, removal, rearrangement, adjustment, set of any number of blocks depending on the design the need for installation, its dimensions.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the universal drive mechanism beat in a device for cleaning blankets and rugs, in which the working tools are flat beads made of elastic material, receiving working movement from a system of interconnected shafts, the entire mechanical system of beat blocks is planted on a single common shaft , the drive of which is carried out by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic motor with reciprocating movement of the piston, the rod of which is a gear rack, which is meshed with a gear ring som, rigidly mounted on a common shaft, on which cam couplings with a symmetrical profile of several similar protrusions around the circumference are fixed on the number of individual blocks of the same type, each consisting of several beats, while the couplings are equally in contact with levers suspended on the axles when the shaft rotates in any direction , the lower ends of which, when turning, come in contact with spring-loaded L-shaped stops integrated on the axes inside the plungers, into which, on the other hand, rods are rigidly fixed to the bolts in the form rosiks, thin rods, or tubes, with stops fixed to them, while the L-shaped stops produce force movement of the plungers with rods, as a result of which the latter, in contact with the levers of the entire row of beats, bend them, and with the stop of each upper shoulder, G- In the form of a stop in the adjusting bolt, it turns the stop down, releasing the levers, plungers, rods and beams suspended on the axes for elastic impact of the latter on the product, with each lever suspended on the axis returning to its original position under the action of a tension spring.

In addition, the task is solved due to the fact that there is a handle with a hook, which when turning allows you to move the lever suspended on the axis to the neutral position, and press the L-shaped stop down to ensure that a separate block is removed from the working position, and the same type block consists of 3-5 beat.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of a part of the device, figure 2 is a top view of the device of figure 1, figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the working block, figure 4 is a section along the line K- To figure 2, figure 5 is a section along the line of the SOS of figure 3, figure 6 is a section along the line dd of figure 5, figure 7 is a section along the line MM of figure 3, figure 8 - view along arrow A in Fig. 3, Fig. 9 is the same as in Fig. 3, but with beats set aside, Fig. 10 is a section along A-A of Fig. 9.

In Fig. 1, under point 1, a frame for assembling the nodes of the mechanism is shown, which, by means of ribs 7, is connected to the conveyor for transporting the products being cleaned, indicating its elements 10, and the product itself 9. The drive power unit is a cylinder 2, for which the working fluid is air or liquid, is attached to the frame with piston stroke switches back and forth by valves 6, and the cylinder rod 3 (cross-section along K-K) represents a gear rack moving in guides 5 and interacting with gear 4 mounted on a common shaft 8 (Fig. 2), which is I drive for all independent blocks 11 fixed by bolts 38 to the frame (9) in an amount determined by the specifications.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of the working unit, the mechanism of which consists of a cam clutch 12 (for reasons of disassembly - split), mounted on the shaft with a bolt and nut 13. The clutch is in contact with the suspended on the axis 39 (Fig.9) through the roller 37 (section AA) by a lever 22 (FIG. 3), which is attracted to it by a tension spring 14.

A bolt 38 is attached to the frame 1 by bolts 38 (Fig. 9) with its ribs (section dd), a sleeve 29 in the upper part of which there is a longitudinal groove, and inside it (SOS section), the plunger 24 freely moves, into the groove of which, on one side, on the axis 28 is installed L-shaped lever is an emphasis 20 held by a spring 21, and on the other a bolt 25 is screwed into it, into the axial hole of which a rod 15 is inserted and rigidly fixed, in this case in the form of a cable. On the same side, a gasket 26 of elastic material is embedded in the clip.

The thrust is supported by a roller 27 on the axis 30 and clamps 16 specially fixed on it abuts against the knee 17 (four is assumed), which (Fig. 7) are mounted on supports 34, can be rotated on axles 35, while their lower end lifts the elastic bills 33, the ends of which are rigidly fixed to the supports 32 mounted on the longitudinal corners 31.

Figure 3 shows the two-arm handle 19 with a hook 23 rigidly fixed thereon, which rotates around axis 36 (Fig. 9, section AA), and below it is an adjusting bolt 18.

The device operates as follows. The universal drive mechanism for beating provides for the use of any mechanical, power source from a conventional gearbox equipped with a means of smoothly changing the operating characteristic, a piston pneumatic or hydraulic motor with a reciprocating motion of the rod, to a manual drive in conditions devoid of an energy source, while all types of engines under use do not need to adjust the direction of movement.

In the present invention, the use of a piston engine (air, or hydro) is considered, in which the elongated piston rod acts as a gear rack, transmitting its reciprocating motion to the gear wheel 4, rigidly mounted on a common shaft 8 of the drive mechanism beat 33, while changing the piston stroke carried out by end valves 6, or slide switches.

As a result of changing the direction of the piston stroke, the shaft of the mechanism makes cyclic oscillations, rotates through a certain angle, which is determined by the magnitude of the stroke and the gear ratio - rack - wheel. This angle can even be greater than 360 ° (if the drive is from a cylindrical gearbox, the rotation of the shaft can be continuous in one direction).

The whole drive mechanism beat 33 was composed of several blocks of the same type, the mechanical energy to which is transmitted from a single shaft 8, cam clutches 12 provided on it for each block, such a clutch can carry two, three, four geometrically equidistant cams having the same symmetrical profile on both sides and a smooth transition from one cam to another. Each cam clutch 12 through the roller 37 is in contact with a lever 22 freely suspended in front of it, which is held in its original position by a tension spring 14. When the shaft 8 is rotated, the cam protrusion of the clutch 12 pushes the lever 22 and pushes it in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) while the direction of rotation of the coupling does not matter.

The movement of the piston forward or backward causes the lever 22 to deviate in the same direction (Fig. 9), while in one forward or reverse piston stroke, the lever 22 can deviate 2-3-4 times depending on the stroke size and the number of clutch cams 12 The lower end of the lever has a stepped transition (Fig. 3) and in the initial position abuts against a spring-loaded L-shaped stop 20, which pivots on the axis in the groove of the movable plunger 24, the end of which on the other hand has a bolt 25 with a rod 15 embedded in it (in in this case in the form of a cable), which with the help of clamps 16 lays in a number of elbows 17, capable of lifting elastic bills 33 during bends in bends.

The cycle of the mechanism consists in the following sequence.

The piston rod rotates the shaft 8 with the cam couplings 12 through a gear through a certain angle, thereby squeezing the levers 22 of the working blocks (not necessarily all at the same time symmetrically), the ends of the levers 22, abutting the L-shaped stops 20, force the plunger pairs to move 24 s rods 15, as a result of which the latter carry out by means of the elbows 17 elastic bending simultaneously of the entire row beat 33 of this block, preparing the working blow of the latter on the product 9 (Fig.9). The magnitude of the bending amplitude beat 33, for each block it is determined by the adjusting bolt 18, moving on which the upper arm of the L-shaped stop 20 rotates clockwise, freeing the node from contact with the lever, as a result of which the plunger 24, stop 20, rod 15, elbow 17 they return to their original position under the action of elastic forces beat 33, which at the same time produce a working blow to the product. The lever 22 itself returns to its initial position under the action of the tension spring 14.

Since cleaning products on the conveyor provides for unification from blankets to carpets of various sizes, which means the need for a shutdown operation - the inclusion of individual blocks. This allows you to make a special handle 19, mounted on the axis 36, when you turn it in an arrow, its lower end presses on the upper shoulder of the L-shaped stop 20 and thereby turns it down to the idle position, and the hook 23 on the handle 19 takes the lever 22 into neutral position, capturing it by the protrusion "a" (figure 3).

Claims (3)

1. The universal drive mechanism beat in a device for cleaning blankets and rugs, in which the working tools are flat beats made of elastic material, receiving working movement from a system of interconnected shafts, characterized in that the entire mechanical system of beat blocks is mounted on a single common shaft, the drive which is carried out by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic motor with reciprocating movement of the piston, the rod of which is a gear rack meshed with a gear wheel fixedly mounted on and the common shaft, on which, according to the number of separate, same type blocks consisting of several beats, cam couplings with a symmetrical profile of several similar protrusions around the circumference are fixed, while the couplings rotate the shaft in any direction equally in contact with levers suspended on the axes, lower ends which, when turning, come into contact with spring-loaded L-shaped stops built in on the axes inside the plungers, into which, on the other hand, rods in the form of cables, thin rods are rigidly fixed to the screwed bolts th, or tubes with stops fixed to them, while the L-shaped stops forcefully move the plungers with rods, as a result of which the latter, in contact with the levers of the entire row of beats, bend them, and when each upper arm of the L-shaped stop stops, the bolt turns the stop downward, releasing the levers, plungers, rods and beams suspended on the axes for elastic impact of the latter on the product, each lever suspended on the axis returns to its original position under the action of a tension spring. 2. The universal drive mechanism beat according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a handle with a hook, which, when rotated, allows the lever suspended on the axis to be moved to the neutral position, and the L-shaped stop is pressed down to ensure that a separate unit is brought out of its working position. 3. The universal drive mechanism beat according to claim 1, characterized in that the same type unit consists of 3-5 beat.

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