RU2308480C1 - Detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: liquid detergents.

SUBSTANCE: claimed detergent contains (mass %): anionic surfactant 12-18; amphoteric surfactant 4-6; sodium citrate 0.5-9; citric, or boric, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids 1.5-0; and balance: milky whey. Detergent of present invention is useful in particular in washing of cloth in objects with increased radioactive phone.

EFFECT: environmentally friendly agent of improved washing properties.

8 cl, 9 tbl, 22 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of liquid detergents used primarily for washing clothes, including wool and silk, industrial clothing and decontamination, in the process of washing clothes and clothing at facilities with a high radiation background and is aimed at improving its special and consumer properties.

Among detergents, hygiene products are currently particularly popular products containing enzymes, oligoelements, vitamins and other additives that enhance the vital properties of the skin.

There are a number of hygienic detergents, shampoos, soaps, bath foams, balms and shower gels based on whey with high preventive and consumer properties (see, for example, EP 0897973 A1, RU 2170078 C1, RU 2141814 C1, RU 2093039 C1, RU 2061469 C1).

All these inventions relate to the field of medicine, namely to detergents for cosmetic and hygienic purposes and cannot be used for washing and decontamination of linen.

Known means and method of washing, for example, workwear (see AS USSR 135459). As a detergent, an aqueous solution of gramicidino-bentonite soap is used, which has high sorption properties and allows cleaning from radioactive contaminants.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the detergent according to patent RU 2196567 C1, intended for hygienic purposes, mainly for conditions with an increased radioactive background, and can be used to decontaminate the hair and skin integuments of the body, to decontaminate clothes at the rinse stage, as well as to decontaminate various surfaces. Known tool contains whey, surface-active substances (surfactants), complexing agents, carbolic acid, Trilon B, water - the rest.

The specificity of the process of decontamination of clothes and overalls requires a reduction in the amount of radioactive waste after treatment, respectively, a decrease in the number of washing and rinsing cycles, as well as a reduction in the content of oil products in waste water.

In addition, in recent years, due to stricter requirements for environmental protection, in industrialized countries, the need to exclude from the composition of detergents of detergents an active additive - phosphates, including sodium tripolyphosphate, the ingress of which with drains into water bodies sharply worsens their ecological state, makes them unsuitable for the intake of drinking water and reduces fish stocks.

The technical task of the invention is the expansion of the range of liquid detergents and decontaminants, including household purposes based on whey.

The problem is solved as follows: the detergent contains whey, anionic and amphoteric surfactants, complexing agents, sodium citrate, citric, boric or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in the following ratio, wt.%: Anionic surfactant -12-18 , amphoteric surfactant - 4-6, sodium citrate - 0.5-3.5, citric, boric or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) acids - 1.5-9, dairy whey - the rest.

Higher alkyl sulfates (C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ ,) can be used as an anionic substance, and a surface-active substance of the betaine class can be used as an amphoteric substance.

Amphoteric surfactants include amphiphiles, the functional group of which is capable of carrying both a negative and a positive charge depending on the pH of the medium. Many of them in certain ratios with other surfactants can partially work as complexing agents - surfactants “chelants” that combine the properties of surfactants and complexing agents.

The tool may additionally contain glycerin in an amount of 0.5-3.5 wt.%, In an amount of 0.5-0.7 wt.%, Silicone defoamer perfume fragrance in the amount of 0.6-1 wt.%, Preservative in an amount of 0 05-0.2 wt.%, Dye in an amount of 0.01-0.03 wt.%.

In addition, the proposed tool may additionally contain soda and antiresorbents.

The technical result obtained from the use of the proposed composition, is to reduce the consumption of funds, improve cleaning qualities, environmental friendliness and extend the life of washing machines.

The proposed qualitative and quantitative composition of the product is necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified result.

The proposed tool is a gel-like liquid based on natural milk whey, which is an advantage over washing powders, because when applied does not cause allergies in people with sensitive skin.

Basically, all detergents for washing clothes are an alkaline environment with a pH of 9-10, this tool has a pH value of 5.5, which corresponds to the natural value of the acidity of the skin of a person. The skin of most people is characterized by a slightly acid reaction (pH 5.0-6.0).

The product contains a balanced composition of surface-active substances: anionic 12-18 wt.% And amphoteric 4-6 wt.%, And therefore the cost of the product is reduced by 1 kg of laundry.

Use of an amphoteric surfactant from the betaine class, i.e. substances of slightly irritating effect with good detergent qualities, well suited for sensitive skin. Due to the presence of quaternary nitrogen, this component also has a certain antimicrobial effect.

Citric, boric or EDTA acids are used as complexing additives for decontamination from radioactive contaminants, which, in combination with other components, prevent the formation and contribute to the removal of scale and water hardness salts on the working parts of washing machines, which ensures an increase in the service life of the equipment and an increase in the decontamination coefficient (the effectiveness of decontamination from radioactive contamination).

Sodium citrate, not sodium chloride, is used as a viscosity regulator and complexing agent. The absence of chlorine in the composition allows you to extend the life of the equipment due to a decrease in corrosion of metal components, which is especially important for industrial washing machines.

The combination of sodium citrate of 0.5-3.0% and citric, boric or EDTA acids of 1.5-9.0% is an effective complexing agent for the decontamination of linen and overalls from radioactive contamination.

The lack of phosphates in the proposed tool, an important advantage in the processing of effluents and for the environmental safety of water bodies.

Due to the characteristics of the composition, the consumption of detergents for washing and decontamination of clothes and overalls is significantly reduced from 3-4 cycles to 1-2 cycles, which leads to a significant reduction in the number of rinses and, as a result, the amount of liquid radioactive waste (LRW).

At the facilities of the nuclear industry, the need for frequent decontamination of washing machines is excluded, which significantly affects the improvement of the radiation situation of the enterprise and the reduction in the exposure of personnel.

Washing the proposed tool occurs at a temperature not exceeding 60 ° C, which can significantly reduce energy costs.

The possibility of carrying out the invention is confirmed using the given example of the technological regulation of the production of funds (table 1).

Table 1 Process stages The temperature of the mixture in the reactor, ° C The duration of the operation, min one Serum feed to the reactor, incorporation of a stirrer 2 Sample of sodium bicarbonate, mixing 67-72 5-10 3 Heat transfer, whey heating with stirring 65-72 30-60 four Extract mixture (pasteurization) with stirring. Coolant shutdown 65-72 20-25 5 Mixture cooling (cold water supply to the reactor jacket) 48-52 15-30 6 Shut off cold water. Loading surfactants (in portions 2-3 times) with stirring. Dissolution of surfactants 48-52 30-40 7 Loading co-surfactant and glycerol, mixing 48-52 15-20 9 Mixture cooling (cold water supply to the reactor jacket) 35-40 10 Shut off cold water. Add-ons: citric, boric or EDTA acids and sodium citrate; Mixing the mixture 35-40 15-20 eleven Adding perfume and dye, mixing the mixture 30-35 15-20 12 Adding a preservative, antifoam, mixing the mixture 30-35 15-20 13 Control the pH of the product. If necessary, citric acid 30-35 5-10 fourteen Unloading funds in the intermediate storage tank 30-35 fifteen Delivery of funds for packaging 25-30

Testing the proposed detergent brand "BIODEZ" for decontamination was carried out in accordance with TU 2381-001-57983206-03. As a result of the tests established:

- reduced the number of washing cycles of overalls (1 washing cycle compared to 2-3 cycles according to the regular washing cycle);

- reduced consumption of funds (consumption of 90 kg of linen amounted to 1.2 kg compared to 6.5 kg of regular means);

- grease and oil contaminants are removed;

- residual pollution after washing complies with NRB-99 and SanPiN 228.18-02.

Table 2 and additional tables 2 "a" -2 "g" are examples of detergent formulations.

Table 3 and additional tables 3 "A" - 3 "B" shows the test results shown in table 2-2 "g" formulations and funds for the prototype.

table 2 No. p / p Name of components The content of components,% Examples of compositions one 2 3 four 5 one Milk whey Up to 100 up to 100 Up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 2 Surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate in terms of 100% 12.0 16,0 18.0 - 18.0 3 Co-surfactant amidopropyl betaine 4.0 5,0 6.0 6.0 - four Glycerol 0.5 2,5 3,5 2,5 3,5 5 Sodium citrate 0.5 3.0 3,5 3,5 3.0 6 Lemon acid 1,5 6.0 9.0 6.0 6.0 7 Organosilicon antifoam 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 8 Perfumery fragrance 0.6 1,0 1,0 0.6 0.6 9 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 Dye for perfumes and cosmetics 0.01 0.01 0,03 0.01 0.01

Table 2 "a" No. p / p Name of components The content of components,% Examples of compositions 1a 2a Behind 4a 5a one Milk whey Up to 100 up to 100 Up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 2 Surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate in terms of 100% 12.0 16,0 18.0 - 18.0 3 Co-surfactant amidopropyl betaine 4.0 5,0 6.0 6.0 - four. Glycerol 0.5 2,5 3,5 0.5 3,5 5 Sodium citrate 0.5 3.0 3,5 3.0 3.0 6 Boric acid 1,5 6.0 9.0 6.0 6.0 7 Organosilicon antifoam 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 8 Perfumery fragrance 0.6 1,0 1,0 0.6 0.6 9 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 Dye for perfumes and cosmetics 0.01 0.01 0,03 0.01 0.01

Table 2 "b" No. p / p Name of components The content of components,% Examples of compositions 1b 2b 3b 4b 5 B one Milk whey Up to 100 up to 100 Up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 2 Surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate in terms of 100% 12.0 16,0 18.0 - 18.0 3 Co-surfactant amidopropyl betaine 4.0 5,0 6.0 6.0 - four Glycerol 0.5 2,5 3,5 2,5 2,5 5 Sodium citrate 0.5 3.0 3,5 3.0 3.0 6 EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) 1,5 6.0 9.0 6.0 6.0 7 Organosilicon antifoam 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 8 Perfumery fragrance 0.6 1,0 1,0 0.6 0.6 9 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 10 Dye for perfumes and cosmetics 0.01 0.01 0,03 0.01 0.01

Additional table 2 "in"
Examples of the composition: with sodium citrate, without sodium citrate, with glycerin, without glycerin, with and without acids No. p / p Name of components The content of components,% Examples of compositions 1c 2c 3c one Milk whey Up to 100 up to 100 Up to 100 2 Surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate in terms of 100% 16,0 16,0 18.0 3 Co-surfactant amidopropyl betaine 5,0 5,0 5,0 four Glycerol - 0.5 0.5 5 Sodium citrate 0.5 - 3,5 6 Acid (citric or boric or EDHA) 1,5 6.0 - 7 Organosilicon antifoam 0.5 0.6 0.6 8 Perfumery fragrance 0.6 1,0 1,0 9 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.2 10 Dye for perfumes and cosmetics 0.01 0.01 0,03

Additional table 2 "g" Examples of compositions with different surfactants in the ratio: anionic (AAS) and amphoteric surfactant No. p / p Name of components The content of components,% Examples of compositions 1 g 2 g 3 g 4 g one Milk whey Up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 2 Surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate in terms of 100% 16,0 3 Surfactant - Sodium Alkylethoxysulfate - 16,0 four Ammonium surfactant-lauryl sulfate Magnesium surfactant-lauryl sulfate - 16,0 5 Amph. Amidopropyl betaine surfactant - 16,0 6 Amph. Surfactant cocamidopropylsulfobetaine 5,0 5,0 7 Amph. Surfactant-alkyl-demethylcarboxybetaine 5,0 5,0 8 Glycerol 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 9 Sodium citrate 1,5 1,5 - 1,5 10 Acid (citric or boric or EDTA) 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 eleven Organosilicon antifoam 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 12 Perfumery fragrance 0.6 0.6 1,0 0.6 13 Preservative 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 fourteen Dye for perfumes and cosmetics 0.01 - 0.01 -

Additional table of properties 3 "A" Example No. from tables 2 “a” - 2 “b” Type of clothes and linen Wed level is dirty. Before washing β part / cm ¹ min Wed level is dirty. After washing β part / cm ¹ min Appearance of clothes and linen Consumption for I kg of dry clothes and linen, ml one work clothes 3000 320 clothing 30,0 1a limits of norms clean without 1b RB spots 2 work clothes 3000 117 clothing 30,0 2a limits of norms clean without 2b RB spots 2 wearable 600-800 60 Lingerie 15.0 2a linen within normal limits completely 2b RB pulled away 3 work clothes 3000 120 clothing 30,0 3a within normal limits clean without 3b RB spots 3 Facilities Up to 3000 300 30,0 3a individual within normal limits 3b  protection (shoe covers, aprons, etc.) RB four work clothes 3000 1500 (exceeds Clothes not 60.0 4a permissible pulled away 4b RB levels) underwear 600-800 exceeds acceptable RB levels Lingerie is not fully washed 50,0 5a Overalls 3000 1000 Clothes not 60.0 5 B exceeds acceptable RB levels pulled away 6 prototype Overalls Up to 3000 exceeds acceptable RB levels Clothes didn’t take off 100.0 6 prototype Underwear Up to 600 exceeds acceptable RB levels Lingerie did not wash 100.0

Additional table of properties 3 "B" No. of the example from tables 2 "c" Type of clothes and linen Wed level is dirty. Before washing β part / cm ¹ min Wed level is dirty. After washing β part / cm ¹ min Appearance of clothes and linen Consumption per 1 kg of dry clothes and linen, ml Additional example 1 in work clothes 3000 190 within the norms of the Republic of Belarus The clothes are clean, without stains. 30,0 Additional example 2 in work clothes 3000 1500 (exceeds acceptable RB levels) Clothes didn’t take off, with spots 30,0 underwear 600 exceeds acceptable RB levels Lingerie is not fully washed 15.0 Additional example 3 in work clothes 2000 1000 (exceeds acceptable RB levels) Clothes didn’t take off, with spots 30,0 Personal protective equipment (shoe covers, aprons, etc.) Up to 3000 exceeds acceptable RB levels 30,0

Additional property table 3 "B" No. of example from "g" Type of clothes and linen Wed level is dirty. Before washing β part / cm ¹ min Wed level is dirty. After washing β part / cm ¹ min Appearance of clothes and linen Consumption per 1 kg of dry clothes and linen, ml 1 g work clothes 3000-1500 320-280 within the standards of the Republic of Belarus The clothes are clean, without stains. 30,0 2 g work clothes 2000-1500 350-230 within the standards of the Republic of Belarus The clothes are clean, without stains. 30,0 underwear 600-800 60 within the limits of Belarus The laundry was completely washed 15.0 3 g work clothes 2000-3000 280-170 within the standards of the Republic of Belarus The clothes are clean, without stains. 30,0 Personal protective equipment (shoe covers, aprons, etc.) Up to 3000 300 within the norms of the Republic of Belarus Shoe covers, aprons and PPE completely laundered 30,0 4 g work clothes 2500-3000 330-180 within the standards of the Republic of Belarus The clothes were washed without stains 30,0 underwear Up to 600-800 80-60 within the norms of the Republic of Belarus The laundry was completely washed 15.0

Claims (8)

1. Detergent containing whey, surfactants, complexing substances, characterized in that as surface-active substances contains anionic and amphoteric substances, as complexing agents it contains sodium citrate and citric or boric or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in the following the ratio of components, wt.%: anionic surfactant 12-18 amphoteric surfactant 4-6 sodium citrate 0.5-3.5 lemon or boron or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 1,5-9 milk whey rest 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that as the anionic substance contains sodium alkyl sulfate with an alkyl radical of C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ . 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that as an amphoteric substance contains a substance from the class of betaines. 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises glycerin in an amount of 0.5-3.5 wt.%. 5. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an organosilicon antifoam in an amount of 0.5-0.7 wt.%. 6. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a perfume fragrance in an amount of 0.6-1 wt.%. 7. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a preservative in an amount of 0.05-0.2 wt.%. 8. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a dye in an amount of 0.01-0.03 wt.%.