RU2306969C1 - Cross-flow-through rotary dust-catcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; gas-producing industry; medical equipment industry; other branches of industry; devices for dry purification of the air and the gases from the dust particles.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the devices for dry purification of the air and the gases from the dust particles as well as to purification of the waste air in the systems of aspiration of grain-purification machines, devices of an aspiration of the grain-purification machines, aggregates as well as the complexes of the post-harvesting treatment of the grain. The cross-flow-through rotary dust-catcher contains the body, the installed in it revolving rotor, the inlet and outlet fitting pipes, the dust container. The rotor is made in the form of the wheel with the plane blades curved along their length and mounted on the internal diameter at the angle of β_i=9O±5°, the outer ends of which are bent back by the angle of 20...30° to the radius-vector of the rotor. The plane blades form the channels for relocation of the air in the transversal direction. On the lateral sides the rotor is covered by the solid disks. The inlet and outlet fitting pipes are mounted on the body facing each other and are communicating among themselves by means of the channels of the rotor. The internal diameter of the rotor is equal to 0.6...0.7 of its external diameter, the angle of the arc of the air inlet into the rotor - 170°...190°, the angle of the arc of the air outlet of the rotor - 90°...110°. The gaps between the rotor and the inlet edge of an outlet fitting pipe and the inlet and the outlet edges of the body - 0.01...0.02 of the external diameter of the rotor. The depth of the dust container is no less than 3 external diameters of the rotor. The technical result of the invention is the increased efficiency of the purification.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased efficiency of the purification.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for dry cleaning of air and gases from dust particles, in particular for cleaning exhaust air in aspiration systems of grain cleaning machines, units and complexes for post-harvest grain processing.

Known cross-flow rotary dust separator containing a housing, a rotating rotor installed in it, made in the form of a wheel with flat blades forming channels for moving air, and provided with solid disks on the sides, inlet and outlet nozzles mounted on the housing opposite each other and interconnected by means of rotor channels, a dust collector (RF patent No. 2137529, MKI ⁶ B01D 45/14. Cross-flow dust collector / Burkov AI, Kazakov V.A. (RU) - Claimed 09/25/98. Publ. BI No. 26, 09.20.99).

To increase the efficiency of dust collection flat blades can be installed at an acute angle α to the radius vector of the rotor. This leads to a narrowing of the interscapular channels, a sharp turn of the air flow from the radial direction, a separation of the flow and vortices near the edges of the blades when it moves to the center of the rotor, impact on the blades when moving from the center, and as a result, an increase in pressure losses and a decrease in the efficiency of the dust collector.

The closest in technical essence and combination of features to the proposed solution is a cross-flow rotary dust collector containing a housing, a rotating rotor installed in it, made in the form of a wheel equipped with flat blades with a kink along the length, mounted on the inner diameter of the rotor at an angle β ₁ = 90 ± 5 ° and forming channels for moving air, closed by solid disks on the sides, inlet and outlet nozzles mounted on the housing opposite each other and communicating with each other along redstvom rotor channels dust collector (RF patent №2244585, IPC ⁷ V01D 45/14. Cross-flow rotary duster / Burkov AI Roshin OP, Kazakov VA, Efremov DF, Kutyukov A .M. (RU) - Claimed June 16, 2003. Published by BI No. 2, January 20, 2005). The implementation of flat blades with a kink along the length and installation of their inner ends almost radially reduces hydraulic pressure losses in the flow part of the rotor and increases the efficiency of the dust collector. However, the ratio of design parameters, providing low hydraulic losses and high efficiency, does not create favorable conditions for effective air purification.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of air purification with a small hydraulic resistance of the dust collector.

The problem is solved using the proposed cross-flow rotary dust collector containing a housing, a rotating rotor installed in it, made in the form of a wheel with flat blades with a kink in length, mounted on the inner diameter of the rotor at an angle β ₁ = 90 ± 5 ° and forming channels for air movement, closed on the sides by solid disks, inlet and outlet nozzles mounted on the housing opposite each other and communicating with each other through the channels of the rotor, a dust collector, while internal the rotor’s th diameter is 0.6 ... 0.7 of its outer diameter, the angle of the arc of air inlet to the rotor λ _BX = 170 ... 190 °, the angle of the arc of the air exit from the rotor λ _OUT = 90 ... 100 °, external the ends of the flat blades are bent back at an angle of 20 ... 30 ° to the radius vector of the rotor, the gaps between the rotor and the inlet edge of the outlet pipe and the inlet and outlet edges of the casing are 0.01 ... 0.02 of the outer diameter of the rotor, the depth of the dust collector is not less than 3 outer diameters of the rotor.

Improving the efficiency of air purification with a small hydraulic resistance of the dust collector is achieved due to the optimal ratio of design parameters of the rotor, housing and dust collector.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a cross-flow rotary dust collector, figure 2 is a diagram of a rotating rotor.

The dust collector comprises a housing 1, a rotating rotor 2, an inlet 3 and an outlet 4 nozzles, a dust collector 5 with a device 6 for capturing dust.

Rotating rotor 2 is a wheel (figure 2) with flat blades 7, made with a kink along the length and forming curved channels 8 for moving air in the transverse direction, and is provided with solid disks on the sides. The blades 7 of the rotor 2 are installed on the inner diameter D ₁ at an angle β ₁ = 90 ± 5 °, on the outer D ₂ - bent back at an angle α = 20 ... 30 ° to its radius vector. Rotating rotor 2 (figure 1) with a large length may have a shaft inside. The input 3 and output 4 nozzles are mounted on the housing 1 opposite each other, communicate with each other through channels 8 of the rotor 2, have a width equal to the width of the housing and the dust collector. The outlet pipe 4 has an inlet edge 9, which is located relative to the inlet 10 and the outlet 11 edges of the housing 1 at an angular distance λ _BX = 170 ... 190 ° and λ _OUT = 90 ... 110 ° and determines the angles of the arcs of the air inlet and outlet from rotor. Regarding the outer diameter D _{2 of the} rotor 2, the input edge 9 of the output pipe 4 and the input 10 and output 11 of the edge of the housing 1 are installed with a gap δ = 0.01 ... 0.02 of the outer diameter of the rotor.

The inner diameter of the rotor 2 is 0.6 ... 0.7 of its outer diameter. The number of flat blades 7 depends on the manufacturing technology of the rotor and is set to the maximum possible.

A dust collector 5 is installed under the rotor 2, communicated with it by the window 12 and has a depth H of at least 3 outer diameters of the rotor.

Cross-flow rotary dust collector operates as follows.

Dusty air, removed, for example, from the pneumatic system of the grain cleaning machine, is pumped into the inlet pipe 3, enters the curved channels 8 of the rotating rotor 2, passes through them first in the centripetal direction, then in the centrifugal direction and is discharged out through the outlet pipe 4. In this case, the particles dust, interacting with the outer ends of the flat blades 7 bent backward, are discarded outside the rotating rotor 2 by centrifugal and Coriolis forces, through the window 12 they enter the dust collector 5 and the device is brought out stvom 6.

The greatest dust collection efficiency is ensured with a greater length and angle of bending of the outer ends of the flat blades, smaller gaps between the rotor and the inlet edge of the outlet pipe and the inlet and outlet edges of the casing, large values of the angles of the air inlet and outlet of the rotor and the depth H of the dust collector.

The smallest hydraulic resistance of the dust collector is achieved with large values of the inner diameter of the rotor, the angles of the arcs of air inlet and outlet of the rotor, shorter than the length and angle of bending of the outer ends of the flat blades.

Tests of a cross-flow rotary dust collector with optimal parameters (D ₁ = 0.7 D ₂ ; λ _BX = 170 °; λ _OUT = 90 °; α = 25 °; β ₁ = 90 °; δ = 0.012 D ₂ ) showed that the dust collection efficiency when cleaning the air from light impurities released during the cleaning of barley grain heap amounted to 97 ... 98%, and the hydraulic resistance P _SV = 50 Pa.

Thus, the optimal ratio of the design parameters of the rotor, housing and dust collector ensures high efficiency of air purification with a small hydraulic resistance of the dust collector.

Claims (4)

1. Cross-flow rotary dust collector containing a housing, a rotating rotor installed in it, made in the form of a wheel equipped with flat blades with a kink in length, mounted on the inner diameter of the rotor at an angle β ₁ = (90 ± 5) ° and forming channels for air movement, closed on the sides by solid disks, inlet and outlet nozzles mounted on the housing opposite each other and communicating with each other through the rotor channels, a dust collector, characterized in that the inner diameter of the rotor is 0.6 ... 0.7 of its outer diameter, angle λ _{ВХ of the} arc of air inlet into the rotor - 170 ... 190 °, angle λ _{OUT of the} arc of air outlet from the rotor - 90 ... 110 °. 2. Cross-flow rotary dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer ends of the blades are bent back at an angle of 20 ... 30 ° to the radius vector of the rotor. 3. Cross-flow rotary dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps between the rotor and the inlet edge of the outlet pipe and the inlet and outlet edges of the housing are 0.01 ... 0.02 of the outer diameter of the rotor. 4. The cross-flow rotary dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the dust collector is at least three outer diameters of the rotor.

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