RU2306693C1 - Beater for threshing-separating apparatus with cylindrical projections - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment used in cereal harvesting machines.

SUBSTANCE: beater has support with curved blades having convexity oriented outside and being inclined backward. Blades are fixed on support. There is projection on peripheral ends of blades, said projection being formed as rotating cylinder. Slot between projection and cylinder proper is defined by partial withdrawal of cylinder above blade contour. Beaters successively smooth spikes from their base to apex, said spike being transferred from one beater to another. Spike is curved on curved surface of blade, and grains of outer row obtain pulse for throwing thereof. Curvature of projection is greater than curvature of blade proper, therefore spike is bent in still steeper manner and grains are thrown away from spike by centrifugal force.

EFFECT: increased threshing efficiency and reduced specific consumption of power for threshing.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting grain crops.

Known working body, consisting of a pair of synchronous beaters, each of which contains a support pipe on pins with blades fixed on the support, consisting of the actual blade, groove, threshing edge and protrusion (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2023374, prior. 05.14.1990, The working body of the threshing and separating device. A.K. Skvortsov. Bull. No. 22 of 11/30/1994).

The closest in technical essence to the application is the slit beater working body, containing blades mounted on the support, each of which has a curved surface with a limiter, a slit and a protrusion provided with a threshing edge, while the convex part of the working surface is directed in the direction of rotation of the beater ( Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2023369, prior 3.10.1990, Slotted Beater (A.K. Skvortsov, Bull. No. 22 dated 11.30.1994). The working bodies mentioned above are designed mainly for threshing panicle inflorescences. The disadvantage of these devices is their incomplete correspondence to the morphological structure of the spike, which does not contribute to achieving higher productivity of the threshing apparatus, lower specific energy consumption per threshing.

The reasons that impede the achievement of a higher technical result when threshing spiked crops include a large curvature of the threshing edge and a high coefficient of friction of the plant sliding along the ledge.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the productivity of the threshing-separating device for threshing spiked crops.

The technical result is a reduction in specific energy consumption for threshing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the beater of the threshing-separating device with cylindrical protrusions contains a support with blades fixed backwardly curved convexly convex outwardly with protrusions at the peripheral ends of the blades, each protrusion made in the form of a rotating cylinder, and between the protrusion and the blade itself is formed deepening by partial removal of the cylinder above the contour of the blade.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the implementation of the blades of a curved profile with a slope back and convex outward, making recesses on them between the blade itself and the protrusion and the protrusion in the form of a rotating cylinder distinguishes the claimed technical solution from the prototype.

Thus, the inventive blade beater with backward curved blades convex outward with rotating cylindrical protrusions meets the criterion of "Novelty."

An analysis of the known technical solutions (analogues) in the studied area and related areas allows us to conclude that there are no signs in them that are similar to the essential distinguishing features in the claimed beater with curved blades and rotating cylindrical protrusions and recognize the "Significant differences".

Figure 1 shows the proposed device, figure 2 - a pair of synchronous beaters, figure 3 - the impact of the blades on the inflorescence.

The vane beater with curved blades and rotating cylindrical protrusions comprises trunnions 1 with a support 3 mounted on them with washers 2, on which the blades are mounted, consisting of the actual blade 4 and mounted on the bracket 5 using the axis 6 of the protrusion 7. The number of blades can be selected in ranges from 2 to 6.

Each blade 4 is tilted back, has a working surface of curved shape with a bulge outward, which in the direction from the support 3 to the periphery ends with a recess 8 in the blade contour. This recess is formed by displacing the cylindrical protrusion 7 outward beyond the contour of the actual blade 4. The radius of curvature R _{k of the} protrusion 7 is less than the radius of curvature R _{k of the} actual blade 4.

A pair of beaters (figure 2) with the left and right tilt blades are connected by a synchronizing gear 9 and rotate in different directions.

The device operates as follows. Plants are fed either by pick-up rollers, or by moving the unit across the field, or manually into the threshing gap between two beaters and, together with the feed, are kept from forwarding either by feed rollers, or plant roots, or by hand. Beaters (figure 2) alternately stroking the ears of plants from the base to the top with the blades, transferring the ears from one beater to another. Ears of inertia spread along the ironing blade and move relative to it from the base of the blade to the periphery of the blade with the base of the ear forward. In this case, the spike bends on the curved surface of the blade, and the spikelets of the outer row open. The grains located in the spikelets of the outer row receive impulses F · Δt (Fig. 3) from the protrusion through the inner row of spikelets, these pulses throw the grains of the outer row away. Then the ear, in its movement along the blades, goes around the ledge. The curvature of the protrusion is greater than the curvature of the blade; spikelets of the outer row reveal even more. The grains in the opened spikelets are affected by a significant centrifugal force F _c = m · ω, which ejects the grains away from the spikelets (where m is the mass of the fruit-kernel; ω is the angular velocity of the fruit of the kernel around the protrusion).

At the end of the movement of the spike along the ledge, the latter transfers the spike to the blade of another beater.

The above-described interaction of the working bodies with the inflorescence of the ears most closely matches the morphological structure of this inflorescence and allows to increase the threshing productivity and reduce the specific energy consumption for threshing.

Claims (1)

A beater of a threshing and separating device with cylindrical protrusions, comprising a support with curved, curved convex convex outward blades mounted on it with protrusions at the peripheral ends of the blades, characterized in that each protrusion is made in the form of a rotating cylinder and a recess is formed between the protrusion and the blade itself by partially removing it cylinder over the contour of the blade.

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