RU2302354C1 - Air-cushion self-propelled platform for operation in arctic regions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to air-cushion platforms for operation in polar regions. Proposed air-cushion platform has carrying body with air cushion guard arranged around and provided with receiver installed on side crinolines attached to body, pressure complex with engine, drive and centrifugal blowers of air cushion, control house with control station of pressure complex. Carrying body of air-cushion self-propelled platform is made in form of pontoon. Its upper surface is cargo deck with possibility of through passing. Platform is furnished additionally with pressure complex, propulsion complex with main engines with drives and aircraft air variable-pitch propellers in nozzles, and auxiliary gas-turbine engines for starting main engines, and system to control main engines of propulsion and pressure complexes of air cushion, fuel system, fire system and platform control system whose control stations are arranged in control house. Propulsion complexes are located in cargo deck in stern part of platform on either side. Pressure complexes are arranged on cargo deck in middle part of platform along its length on either side, being system of centrifugal air blowers located on one axle with the same drive as propulsion complexes. Steering complex of platform consists of aerodynamic rudders arranged vertically behind screw propellers and thrusters installed on either side in bow part of platform communicating with receiver of flexible guard. Aircraft gas-turbine engines type TB3 are used in drives of propulsion and pressure complexes, engines whose service life has expired can be used for this purpose.

EFFECT: provision of ecologically safe air-cushion self-propelled platform of simplified design at reduced cost of its manufacture and operation.

9 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and relates to the issue of creating air-cushion vehicles designed to work in wetlands in the Far North.

A known platform is an air cushion (PVP), towed by traditional vehicles, including a bearing housing, around which there is a flexible fence (GO) of an air cushion (VP) mounted on airborne crinolines attached to the housing, a discharge complex VP including a diesel engine with a drive and centrifugal blowers VP, wheelhouse with a control station for the discharge complex (G.E. Andreev, A.S. Kudryavtsev and others. By water and by land (essays about ...), FIPS Official Publications Department, M., 2002, pp. .100) is a prototype.

Such PVPs were built in Tyumen and Finland mainly for raid unloading of transport vessels.

However, such a towed PVP cannot be effectively used to carry out transport operations during the development of hydrocarbon deposits in hard-to-reach wetlands of the Far North due to the lack of amphibious towers that are suitable for amphibiousness (see Fig. 1), and when using existing towing towers, the environment and operating costs are violated turn out to be relatively high.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an environmentally friendly autonomous self-propelled hovercraft platform of a simplified design, capable of carrying out transport operations when developing fields in marshy regions in the Far North at relatively low costs for its manufacture and operation.

For this, in the known platform on an air cushion, the supporting body is made in the form of a pontoon, the upper surface of which is a cargo deck with a through passage. The platform is equipped with propulsion systems and an additional VP discharge complex, including main engines with drives, propellers made in the form of variable pitch aircraft propellers in nozzles, auxiliary gas turbine engines to start the main engines, the main engine control system of the VP propulsion and injection complexes, fuel and fire engines a system whose control posts are in the wheelhouse. In this case, the propulsion systems are located on the cargo deck in the aft part of the platform side-by-side, and the discharge systems are located on it in the middle part along the length of the platform side-by-side and are a system of centrifugal air blowers located on the same axis and have the same drive as the propulsion complexes. As part of propulsion and injection systems, the main engines used are aviation gas turbine engines of the TVZ type, including spent flight resources. Also, as part of the fuel fire system, elements of aircraft equipment were used in the launch and control system for the main engines of propulsion and injection systems and the platform as a whole.

In this case, propulsion and discharge systems and the wheelhouse with control posts are made in a modular design.

Along with this, the air intakes of the centrifugal blowers of the VP are equipped with a device that reduces freezing and clogging of the air ducts and the GP of the air with snow, grass and other impurities, and the air intakes of the main engines are equipped with an air purification system.

At the same time, it is possible to operate engines both on diesel and gas condensate.

In addition, measures are taken in the self-propelled platform to prevent the platform from freezing to the supporting surface, for example by coating the supports with polyurethane.

At the same time GO VP is made of frost-resistant material of increased strength and wear resistance.

Along with this, the self-propelled platform is equipped with winches for pulling it on the incline insurmountable by it when the engines are running.

The implementation of the platform propulsion systems in the form of variable pitch aircraft propellers in nozzles allows optimizing energy consumption for movement due to the ability to operate the main engines at constant optimal revolutions, as well as providing the maneuverable qualities of the platform required by the operating conditions, and their location in the rear of the platform provides an opportunity through movement of goods along the length of the platform.

The implementation of the discharge complex in the form of a system of centrifugal air blowers located on the same axis makes it possible to assemble the unit with smaller dimensions and increase the value of pressure and flow rate, and their location in the middle part on the side allows increasing the area of the cargo deck and contributes to better centering of the platform in the absence of cargo.

The inclusion in the composition of the steering complex installed airborne thrusters installed in the bow of the bow provides control of the platform in the "stop" mode and at low speeds. The communication of air jet thrusters directly with the air receiver of the air cushion allows to increase the efficiency of their work by reducing losses in the air supply path.

The modular design of propulsion and injection systems, as well as cutting with control posts, allows to reduce costs during the construction of SPVP for cooperation in different areas, as well as to increase maintainability.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a photo of a platform on an air cushion of a prototype in towing mode, Fig. 2 shows a general appearance of a self-propelled platform, Fig. 3 is a diagram of a general top view of a self-propelled platform, Fig. 4 is a diagram view of A in figure 3 of a self-propelled platform, figure 5 is a diagram of one of the propulsion systems of the platform with aerodynamic rudders and figure 6 is a diagram of one of the discharge complexes of the platform.

The self-propelled platform has a supporting body 1 made in the form of a pontoon, the upper surface of which is a cargo deck 2 with a through passage (Figs. 2, 3, 4). The bearing body 1 is equipped with a flexible cushion 3 of an air cushion placed around it, having a receiver 4 (FIGS. 2, 4) mounted on side crinolines 5 that are attached to the bearing body 1.

The self-propelled platform has propulsion systems 6, located on the deck flush in the aft, and pressure systems 7, also located flush in the middle part along the length of the platform. Propulsion systems 6 include main engines 8 with a drive, propellers 9 made in the form of variable pitch aircraft propellers in nozzles 10, auxiliary gas turbine engines (not shown) for starting main engines 8 (Figs. 2, 3, 5). Propulsion systems 6 have a pitch change mechanism for aircraft propellers 9 (not shown).

The discharge complexes 7 are made in the form of a system of centrifugal air blowers 11 (Figs. 4, 6) located on the same axis, and they have the same drive as the propulsion systems 6. The air intakes of the centrifugal blowers of the air bag 11 are equipped with a device (not shown), reducing freezing and clogging of air paths and air cushion GO with ice, grass and other impurities, and the air intakes of the main engines 8 are equipped with air cleaning systems (not shown). Moreover, as part of the drives of propulsion and injection complexes, TVZ type gas turbine engines were used as main engines, including spent flight resources and those taken out of service, but which have a significant resource for operating in ground conditions.

The steering complex of the self-propelled platform consists of aviation rudders 12 (Figs. 3, 5), vertically located behind the air propellers 9, and from air thrusters installed in the GO area side-by-side in the bow of the platform (not shown), connected with the air receiver pillows.

The self-propelled platform is equipped with a control system for the main engines of propulsion and injection systems, a fuel system, a fire system and a platform control system as a whole (not shown) with control posts (not shown) that are located in the wheelhouse 13 (Figs. 2, 3) located on cargo deck 2. Moreover, as part of all the mentioned systems, elements of aviation equipment are also used.

In this case, propulsion and discharge systems and the wheelhouse with control posts are made in a modular design.

In addition, the air cushion GO is made of frost-resistant material of increased strength and wear resistance. The self-propelled platform provides measures to exclude the possibility of its freezing to the supporting surface, for example, by coating the supports with polyurethane.

The main engine system provides for the possibility of their operation both on diesel fuel and on gas condensate, for which the platform is equipped with power systems for both types of said fuels.

The self-propelled platform is equipped with winches (not shown) for pulling the platform on insurmountable slopes due to the operation of the propulsion devices.

The work of the self-propelled platform is as follows.

Propulsion and discharge systems are launched from the control posts of the cabin, as a result of which an air cushion is formed under the platform inside the GO and the self-propelled platform is put into a state of readiness for movement. The control of the platform’s movement and maneuvers with the help of a propulsion-steering complex is carried out through a system of control posts located in the wheelhouse.

Through the specified system of control posts, a signal is also sent to the actuator for changing the pitch of the propellers of the propulsion system.

Platform maneuvers on the foot or in reverse mode are additionally carried out using thrusters installed in the bow of the self-propelled platform.

To move the platform on insurmountable slopes due to the operation of the propulsors, winches are used, which are equipped with a self-propelled platform.

The proposed self-propelled hovercraft platform is able to overcome and operate in wetlands in the Far North during mining, transportation of goods and drilling rigs.

Due to the use of air cushion as a part of the drives of the propulsion and injection complexes as engines of aviation gas turbine engines that have fulfilled their flight life, as well as to the use in all systems of the self-propelled platform and control systems for them and the platform as a whole of the elements of aviation equipment that has worked out their flight life, material the cost of creating and operating such a self-propelled hovercraft platform is substantially low.

Claims (9)

1. Self-propelled hovercraft platform for operation in the arctic conditions, having a bearing casing, equipped with a flexible cushion enclosure placed around it, having a receiver mounted on side crinolines attached to the casing, an injection complex comprising a motor with a drive and centrifugal air cushion superchargers , a wheelhouse with a control station for the discharge complex, characterized in that the supporting case of the platform is made in the form of a pontoon, the upper surface of which represents a cargo deck with a through passage, the platform is equipped with an additional discharge complex, as well as propulsion systems including main engines with drives, propellers made in the form of variable pitch aircraft propellers in nozzles, and auxiliary gas turbine engines for starting the main engines, main engine control system propulsion and discharge complexes of the air cushion, fuel system, fire system and platform control system as a whole, posts are managed which are located in the wheelhouse, while the propulsion systems are located on the cargo deck in the aft of the platform flush, and the discharge complexes are located on it in the middle part along the length of the platform flush and are a system of centrifugal air blowers located on the same axis, and have the same drive as the propulsion systems, and the steering complex of the platform is made up of vertically located aerodynamic rudders behind the air-propelled thrusters and installed side-by-side in the nose of the new part of the platform of air thrusters connected to the receiver of the flexible enclosure, and aviation gas turbine engines of the TVZ type, including spent flight resources, were used as the main engines as part of the drives of the propulsion and delivery systems. 2. Self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the propulsion and discharge systems and the wheelhouse with control posts are made in a modular design. 3. Self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the propulsion systems have a mechanism for changing the pitch of aircraft propellers. 4. The self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the air intakes of centrifugal superchargers of the air cushion are equipped with a device that reduces freezing and clogging of the air ducts and flexible enclosure of the air cushion with snow, grass and other impurities. 5. Self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the intakes of the main engines are equipped with air cleaning systems. 6. Self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible enclosure of the air cushion is made of frost-resistant material of increased strength and wear resistance. 7. Self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the engines are provided with the possibility of working both on diesel fuel and on gas condensate. 8. The self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the supports are made with the possibility of eliminating its freezing to the supporting surface, for example, by coating the supports with polyurethane. 9. The self-propelled platform according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with winches for pulling the platform on insurmountable by it due to the operation of the slope movers.

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