RU2301368C1 - Control disk valve with relief device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: valving engineering.

SUBSTANCE: disk valve comprises pressure and drain spaces, unmovable seat with shaped peripheral ports and central passage mounted inside the housing, and slide valve provided with recesses and connected with the device for transmitting torque from the drive. The seat is in a contact with the slide valve. The sector grooves in the sealing surface of the slide valve define the intermediate chamber together with the surface of the seat. The valve is provided with the relief device mounted in the central passage of the seat from the side of the slide valve and interacts with it. The device is made of a stack of plates and plungers alternatively mounted one on the other for permitting cooperation and axial movement. The smaller diameter of each of the plunger enters the central opening of the adjacent plate. The surfaces of the plungers and plates define spaces. The spaces that underlie the plungers are connected with the drain space of the valve through the central passages. The passages are made in the plungers.

EFFECT: reduced sizes and mass.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to regulating pipe fittings, and in particular to devices that regulate the flow and shut off the flow of liquid or gaseous medium located at both low and high pressure, and can be used in various technological lines.

Known unloaded disk valve comprising a housing with a seat, a spindle connected to a flat rotary control element located in the input cavity of the housing, and unloading means, made in one piece with the spindle, the cross-sectional area of the end of the spindle receiving the input pressure is greater or equal to the area of the regulatory element in cross section (RU patent, No. 2079028 C1, IPC F16K 39/04, 03.03.92, op. 10.05.97).

A disadvantage of the known disk valve is that its throughput directly depends on the size of the control element. This is due to the fact that the unloading means is made in one piece with the spindle and to ensure the valve unloading force, the spindle cross-sectional area in the stuffing box area is selected not less than the cross-sectional area of the regulating element, which leads to an increase in both the spindle and the regulating element, and therefore size and weight of the valve.

Known control disk valve with an unloading device, equipped with a pressure and drain cavities and containing a fixed seat mounted in the housing with pass-through profiled peripheral windows and a Central channel in it, in contact with a spool made with cutouts and connected to a device for transmitting torque from the drive, this is fixed to the housing cover and cylinder, in which a piston is mounted, one-piece connected to the spool and forming a discharge chamber with the cylinder, communicated about the drain cavity using a through central longitudinal hole, and on the sealing surface of the spool - sector grooves forming together with the surface of the saddle an intermediate chamber in communication with the discharge chamber and the central channel (RU patent No. 2099623 C1, IPC F16K 39/04, from 04.04 .95 g., Op. 20.12.97 g.).

However, the rigid connection of the cylinder in the cap and the location of the piston in it, permanently connected to the spool located perpendicular to the surface of the seat, is associated with an increase in the dimensions and, as a consequence, the mass of the valve due to the need for the cylinder and piston to be located between the cap and the spool. In addition, to ensure the valve unloading force, the cross-sectional area of the piston is selected not less than the cross-sectional area of the control element, which also leads to an increase in the mass of the valve.

The problem to which this invention is directed, is to reduce the size and weight of the valve while maintaining the unloading force due to the differential pressure of the working medium in the cavities of the unloading device located in the Central channel of the seat.

To achieve the specified technical result in a control disk valve with an unloading device equipped with pressure and drain cavities and containing a fixed seat installed in the housing with throughput profiled peripheral windows and a central channel in it, in contact with a spool made with cutouts connected to a torque transmission device torque from the drive, sector grooves on the sealing surface of the spool, forming together with the surface of the saddle an intermediate chamber in communication with With the central channel of the seat, according to the invention, the valve is equipped with an unloading device installed in the central channel of the seat from the side of the spool and interacting with it, and consisting of a set of plates and plungers alternately mounted on top of one another with the possibility of their interaction and axial movement, with a smaller diameter of each the plunger enters the central hole of a plate adjacent to it, cavities are formed between the surfaces of the plungers and plates, and the cavities located under the plungers are connected to the pressure the cavity of the valve by means of channels made in the saddle, and the cavities located above the plungers are connected to the drain cavity of the valve by means of central channels made in the plungers.

In this case, each plate interacts with a neighboring plate, and each plunger interacts with a neighboring plunger with its end surfaces, respectively.

In addition, the preload of the set of plates and plungers is carried out by means of springs placed on both sides of the set.

In this case, the lower plate interacts with the surface of the saddle, and the upper plunger interacts with the surface of the spool.

Providing the valve with an unloading device installed in the central channel of the saddle from the side of the valve and interacting with it, allows the valve to be unloaded from the pressure of the medium due to the difference in the surface areas of the sector grooves of the valve and the total surface of the plungers with the same pressure on these surfaces and the pressure drop between the pressure head and drain cavities, which allows you to place the unloading device not in the pressure head, but in the drain cavity of the valve. At the same time, the dimensions and weight of the valve are significantly reduced due to the exclusion of the cylinder and piston from the valve design, located between the cover and the spool, having significant dimensions.

The execution of the unloading device from a set of plates and plungers alternately mounted on top of each other with the possibility of their interaction and axial movement between them provides the necessary unloading force with a small diameter of the unloading surfaces.

The execution of the cavities between the surfaces of the plungers and plates under the plungers of the unloading device and their connection with the pressure cavity of the valve through the channels made in the seat, and the execution of the cavities between the surfaces of the plungers and plates above the plungers and their connection with the drain cavity of the valve through the central channels made in the plungers creating an unloading force on each plunger due to the differential pressure of the working medium in the cavities under the plunger and above the plunger.

Placing each plunger with a smaller diameter in the central hole of the plate adjacent to it and the interaction of each plate with a neighboring plate, and each plunger with an adjacent plunger with its end surfaces, respectively, ensures the transfer of the unloading force of each plunger to the spool by their sequential interaction.

Preloading the set of plates and plungers by means of springs placed on both sides of the set provides preliminary sealing of the cavities above the plungers and the cavities under the plungers with each other.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the described control valve, a longitudinal section;

figure 2 - section aa in figure 1, shows the unloading device, the location of the plates and plungers, channels connecting the cavity under and above the plungers with pressure and drain cavities;

figure 3 is a view B of figure 2, shows the discharge annular cavity between the plungers and plates and their connection with the pressure and drain cavities;

figure 4 is a section bb in figure 3, shows the grooves on the end surfaces of the plates, connecting the cavity under the plungers with the pressure cavity of the valve;

figure 5 is a section GG in figure 3, shows the grooves on the end surfaces of the plungers, connecting the cavity above the plungers with the drain cavity of the valve;

in Fig.6 is a section DD in Fig.1, a view of the spool with a saddle in the closed position;

in Fig.7 is a section DD in Fig.1, a view of the valve with the seat in the open position.

The control disk valve with the unloading device comprises a housing 1 (Fig. 1), equipped with pressure pipes 2 and drain cavities 3. In the housing 1, a saddle 4 is fixedly mounted with profiled windows 5 made in it and a central channel 6 (Fig. 2). The saddle 4 is in contact with the rotary valve 7 (figure 1). The spool 7 is made with cut-outs (Fig.6, 7), sector grooves are made on the sealing surface of the spool 7, forming together with the surface of the saddle 4 an intermediate chamber 8 (Fig.1). In the central channel 6 of the seat 4 from the side of the spool 7 there is an unloading device consisting of a set of plates 9 and plungers 10 (Fig. 2), alternately mounted on each other, and each plate 9 interacts with the neighboring plate with its end surfaces. The plungers 10 are placed in the Central hole 11 of each plate 9 and also interact with neighboring plungers 10 with their end surfaces. In each plunger 10 a central channel 12 is made, in communication with the drain cavity 3 of the valve. Between the end surfaces of the plungers 10 and plates 9 located under the plungers 10, cavities 13 (FIGS. 3, 4) are formed, communicating with the cavity of the central channel 6 of the saddle 4 by means of grooves 14 (FIG. 4) made on the lower ends of the plates 9. Between the surfaces of the plates 9 and the plungers 10 above the plungers 10 are formed cavities 15 (Fig.3, 5), communicated with the Central channels 12 of the plungers 10 through grooves 16 (Fig.5), made on the end surfaces of the plungers 10. Pre-pressing the valve 7 to the seat 4 in the absence of medium pressure in the housing 1 os fected with a preset spring 17 therein (Figure 2). The upper plunger 18 (Fig. 3) interacts with the end surface of the spool 7 by means of a heel 19 installed between them. In the seat 4, channels 20 (Fig. 2) are made connecting the central channel 6 of the seat 4 with the pressure chamber 2 of the valve. Preloading the package of plates 9 and plungers 10 is carried out by means of springs 21 (Fig. 3) and 22 (Fig. 2), placed between the fifth 19 and the upper plate 23 and between the lower plate 24 and the surface of the central channel 6 of the saddle 4, respectively. The centering of the spool 7 relative to the seat 4 is carried out by means of a sleeve 25 (Fig.3), placed in the coaxial holes of the spool 7 and the heel 19. The transmission of torque from the drive (not shown) to the spool 7 is carried out using the spindle 26 through the coupling 27 (Fig.1 )

The valve operates as follows:

In the "closed" position (Fig.6), the spool 7 covers the windows 5 of the saddle 4. The spool 7 is pressed against the saddle 4 by the pressure P1 of the working medium of the pressure cavity 2. The pressure of the working medium in the cavities 13 formed by the surfaces of the plungers 10 and plates 9 located under the plungers is equal to the pressure P1 in the pressure chamber 2, and the pressure in the cavities 15 formed by the surfaces of the plungers 10 and plates 9 on the upper side of the plungers is equal to the pressure P2 in the drain cavity 3. The working medium does not enter the drain cavity. The valve is closed. The pressure difference (P1-P2) in the pressure cavity 2 and the drain cavity 3, multiplied by the difference in the active area of the spool 7, creates a force to press the spool to the seat, and the total area of the cavities 13 and 15 creates a force that presses each plunger 10 and heel 19 to the spool 7, which is directed in the opposite direction and provides unloading of the spool 7.

To bring the valve to the “open” position, the actuator rotates the spindle 26 and the spool 7 connected to it by means of the coupling 27, so that the cut-outs of the spool 7 are displaced relative to the windows 5 of the seat 4, forming a through passage. The pressure cavity 2 is connected to the drain cavity 3. The pressure medium P1 from the pressure cavity 2 of the housing 1 enters through the formed cavity into the drain cavity 3. By rotating the spindle 26, the angle of rotation of the spool 7. The spool 7, rotating, gradually opens the window 5 of the seat 4. Full opening of the valve is achieved by fully combining the cutouts of the spool 7 with the windows 5 of the seat 4. Thus, by turning the spool 7 regulate the area of the passage section of the overlapped windows.

To close the valve, the closing of the windows 5 of the seat 4 occurs in the reverse order. By rotating the spindle 26, rotate the spool 7 until it blocks the windows 5 of the saddle 4.

Thus, due to the peculiarities of the design and location of the unloading device, the invention allows to reduce the size and weight of the valve at a constant flow rate and at the same time to ensure the preservation of the unloading force due to the pressure drop of the working medium in the cavities of the unloading device.

Claims (4)

1. A control disk valve with an unloading device, equipped with a pressure and drain cavities and containing a fixed seat installed in the housing with pass-through profiled peripheral windows and a central channel in it, in contact with a spool made with cutouts and connected to a device for transmitting torque from the drive, sector grooves on the sealing surface of the spool, forming together with the surface of the seat an intermediate chamber, characterized in that the valve is equipped with an unloading device, mounted in the central channel of the seat from the side of the spool and interacting with it, and consisting of a set of plates and plungers alternately mounted on top of one another with the possibility of their interaction and axial movement, while the smaller diameter of each plunger enters the central hole of the plate adjacent to it, between the surfaces cavities are formed of the plungers and plates, and the cavities located under the plungers are connected to the pressure cavity of the valve through channels made in the saddle, and the cavities located above the plunger zherami, connected to the drain valve cavity through the central channel formed in the plunger. 2. The control disk valve with the unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that each plate interacts with a neighboring plate, and each plunger interacts with a neighboring plunger with its end surfaces, respectively. 3. The control disk valve with the unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the preload of the set of plates and plungers is carried out by means of springs placed on both sides of the set. 4. The control disk valve with the unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower plate interacts with the surface of the seat, and the upper plunger interacts with the surface of the spool.

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