RU2300609C1 - Method for laminated building block production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, particularly to erect multilayered units, for instance, concrete articles, namely building blocks and slabs for envelope forming during industrial, civil and other building structures erection.

SUBSTANCE: method to produce multilayered building block on the base of rigid cement mixes and including one at least one heat-insulation layer of light-weight concrete and at least two fine concrete layers involves serially pouring different concrete mixes in form. After at least two different concrete mix layers pouring in two horizontal parallel planes upper block part is covered with additional form part. Then form with laid concrete mix layers is rotated through 90° about horizontal axis. Form part is removed from top part of the block and form is built up to adapt form for upper fine concrete layer pouring so that upper fine concrete layer is transversal to previously poured layers. After that all layers are subjected to vibroforming and curing up to cement mix stiffening. Finally form is removed.

EFFECT: improved heat insulation properties of straight and corner wall areas, window and door openings, increased strength, possibility to erect high buildings and buildings characterized by varying number of stories without the use of additional structural members to cover opened heat-insulation layers at wall corners and in window and door opening edges.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, in particular to a method for manufacturing a multilayer block, and can be used in the manufacture of concrete products such as building blocks and panels for the construction of enclosing structures in industrial, civil and other types of construction.

Known technical solution according to patent No. 2166037 "Building element and technological equipment for its manufacture", cl. Е04С 1/40, 2000 (analogue), which describes the building element and the method of its manufacture, which consists in the fact that in the manufacture of a multilayer building element one of the layers is preliminarily made, using a cuvette with vibrating solution filling this cuvette, give the necessary exposure to this layer, after which, using it as a formwork, put a metal shell on it, insert either punches or inserts into it and fill the entire form with a solution, subject it to vibration, set it to natural drying until complete readiness of the building element. However, the described technology and technological equipment is very complex, time-consuming, inefficient, as it is aimed at manufacturing only one building element in series.

Known technical solutions in which during the construction of buildings and structures use fixed formwork, which is, for example, a hollow concrete building element, see patent No. 2074296, class. Е04С 1 / 00.1993 (analogue), the voids of which during the construction of walls are filled either with heavy concrete, or heat-insulating material, or structural concrete.

A known method of manufacturing a wall building block and a wall (options) with blocks made in this way (prototype) RU No. 2225487, Е04С 1/40 from 10.25.2001. In this method of manufacturing a wall building block made on the basis of cement mortars, containing at least a layer of fine concrete and a heat-insulating layer of light concrete, located in one horizontal row, including the installation and removal of technological partitions, filling the form with layer solutions and their vibroforming, technological partitions dividing the form into a series of horizontally arranged cells corresponding to the number of layers of the wall block, are installed before filling HAND form solutions at an angle to the vertical, depending on the density of the layers with an inclination toward the less dense layer at an angle of 20 °, measured from vertical of the point of intersection with the bottom mold. The cell in the known method is filled with a solution of one layer and the technological partitions are removed at the same angles at which they were installed in the mold. After that, produce simultaneous vibroforming of all layers.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the structural layer is formed of additional wall building elements, such as bricks, stones or panels, and the facing and heat-insulating layers are made in the form of a separate multilayer block containing an internal structural layer, by which the multilayer block is pinched in the rows of masonry of the inner structural layer of the wall . The disadvantages include the fact that the external corners of the wall must be additionally made of additional wall building elements, as the internal structural layer of the wall, and combine with it with masonry.

The prototype has many disadvantages, as well as well-known analogues, and in addition, additional structural elements are required for sealing out the insulating layers at the corners of the wall, in the doorways and windows.

The technical task of the present invention is the creation of a multilayer building block, which allows to increase the heat-insulating properties of the wall, both on its straight and angular sections, window and door openings, while ensuring the strength required for the construction of buildings of high and uneven floors, without the use of additional structural elements for sealing out thermal insulation layers at the corners of the wall, in the openings of doors and windows.

The problem is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed method for manufacturing a multilayer building block, made on the basis of predominantly hard cement mortars, containing at least a heat-insulating layer of light concrete and at least two layers of fine-grained concrete, after laying, at least two different concrete layers in two horizontal parallel planes cover the upper part of the block with an additional part of the formwork, the entire formwork together with the laid layers of rotation they are angled at 90 ° around the horizontal axis, the part of the block that is on top is freed from the formwork part, the new part of the formwork is pushed up and the upper layer of the concrete mixture of fine-grained concrete is laid in a different plane with respect to the previous layers, all layers are simultaneously vibrated, held up to setting the mixture and free from formwork.

The drawings show the main stages of manufacturing a building block:

figure 1 - laying of the first layers located in parallel planes;

figure 2 - closing an additional part of the formwork of the upper part of the block;

figure 3 - rotation of the entire formwork by 90 °;

figure 4 - the release of the upper part of the block from part of the formwork;

figure 5 - building up part of the formwork;

6 - laying of the cover layer, the plane of which is perpendicular to the plane of the previous layers.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a multilayer building block, made on the basis of predominantly hard cement mortars, containing at least a heat-insulating layer of lightweight concrete and at least two layers of fine-grained concrete, containing operations of alternately laying layers in the formwork, characterized in that after laying of at least two different concrete layers in two horizontal parallel planes with an additional part of the formwork, close the upper part of the block, rotate 90 ° at the horizontal axis, the entire formwork together with the layers laid, release the part of the block that is on top of the formwork, lift up the new part of the formwork and fill the top layer of the concrete mixture of fine-grained concrete located in a perpendicular plane with respect to the previous layers, simultaneously vibrate all the layers, withstand before setting the mixture and free from formwork.

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