RU2397914C2 - Rescue device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, rescue devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to individual devices for rescuing people. Rescue device represents hollow envelope made with possibility of its automatic filling with gas. Gas can be supplied from balloon or be produced as a result of pyrocartridge burning. Filled with gas hollow envelope closes and forms cavity of placement of person inside it, surface of said cavity has heat-insulating coating. Surface of envelope closing is provided with Velcro fastener. On external surface of envelope guiding ribs are fixed. Top and bottom of envelope are provided with inflatable locking devices. Device contains radiobeacon with cell phone, emergency warning lights, sound siren, heating device. Into envelope built-in are hollow tubes with lenses for looking around and arms with rowing devices. For rescuing in case of falling from height envelope can be filled with gas which is lighter than air.

EFFECT: possibility to rescue people in extreme situations of natural or technological type.

10 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Rescue device of the Cocoon type refers to individual devices for rescue and human survival in emergency situations of natural and man-made nature in the air (А62В 1/00, B64D 25/14), on ground transport (B60R 21/16, 24, B60R 22/14 ), on the water (B63C 9/00, 08) and on the ground in walking order (B60R 21/34, B60R 22/14), in a sitting, lying position, including for military purposes (B64D 25/14). Individual salvation is an extremely important element of human life safety. The number of victims of natural disasters is growing annually. The proposed rescue device will help the following categories of people: the water crews and passengers of sea and river vessels, fishermen, residents of areas exposed to tsunamis. A simplified version of the device will save a motorcyclist, cyclist, pedestrian. The third option will save residents of apartment buildings during fires and destruction, can be used in rescue operations in the mountains and forests for landing from low altitudes, for landing for military purposes. The Cocoon rescue device will allow you to be in any type of water: fresh, salty, cold for a long time and at the same time have the ability to constantly send distress signals: radio, sound, light, the ability to extract food and prepare it. For motorcyclists, cyclists, pedestrians and residents of multi-storey buildings - this is the only way to escape, dramatically increasing the chances of survival with minimal damage.

The analogues of the Cocoon rescue device are:

1. An airbag for the disabled, which is placed in a satchel behind the back and opens on the back, while remaining behind, with the help of a gas mixture filling the pillow at a certain height without touching the ground when it falls on the back. The disadvantage of this design for pedestrian rescue systems is that only the back and the back of the head are protected in the event of a fall. The lateral parts of the person and the front part remain unprotected.

2. An inflatable pilot's suit when it enters water, in which it may be for some time in cold water. The disadvantage of this design for rescue systems on the water is that only part of the body is protected, the person becomes inactive, exposed to the danger of attack by sharks and other large predators.

3. Individual rescue device Burkova LN (А62В 37/00, RU 2285553 C2). A spherical rescue device with two shells, filled with gas lighter than air, having a free volume of a spherical shape to accommodate a person who gets inside through a vertical hole between the shells and fastens with a zipper. The disadvantages of this design for rescue systems are a lot of weight (over 45 kilograms) and slow filling (much more than a minute).

4. A parachute in the form of a cone (B64D 25/14) for the descent of the astronaut, which is located point down. Outside, the shell is covered with a refractory cloth. In the inner part of the cone is an astronaut. The disadvantage of this design for rescue systems on land, water and at low altitudes is the large weight and volume (about a meter when folded).

5. Inflatable liferaft (B63C 9/04) according to the invention of RU 2079249 05/10/1997 LLP NPO "Sudotekhnika". The disadvantage of this design for rescue systems on the water is the large weight and volume, as well as the inability to quickly use in a shipwreck during a storm.

6. The closest analogue to the proposed device is the Rescue System (author Mikhan ON, B64D 25/14, RU 2265557 C2). The rescue device is mounted in front, reveals on a person in the position of a fist. The disadvantage of this design is the lack of air volume around the person, which will ultimately deprive him of the ability to breathe and his position with a fist will aggravate the injury from impact when falling, and the open space from the back will injure the person when the structure is turned over.

Differing rescue devices of the Cocoon type in form, but similar in content and principle of operation, can be used as rescue devices for different environments: on water, in air and on land.

The rescue device for rescue on water "Cocoon" (Fig.1, 2) consists of: a hollow shell, for example, in the form of a ball (Fig.1 pos.1); Velcro (figure 1 pos.2); distribution valve (figure 1, pos. 3); guide ribs (figure 1, position 4); locking devices (figure 1, pos. 5) on safety cables, pos. 9 and connecting tubes, pos. 6; cylinder with compressed gas (figure 1, pos. 7); hollow pipes with lenses (Fig.1 pos.8); air intake tubes (figure 1, position 10); water drainage tubes (FIG. 1, item 11); rings (Fig.1 pos.12) with a device for electromechanical starting (Fig.1 pos.15); fastening belts (Fig.1 pos.13); backpack (figure 1, position 14); a beacon with a cell phone (Fig. 1, pos. 16); emergency signal lighting (Fig. 1, pos. 17) with electrodes for sea water (Fig. 1, pos. 18); solar panels (Fig.1 pos.19); hinges for lifting aboard a ship or helicopter (figure 1, pos. 20); a valve with a pumping device (figure 1, pos. 21); valves for the descent of gas (Fig.1 pos.22); heat insulating coating (figure 1 pos.23); breathing tube (Fig.1 pos.24); the case with a "tablet" of sodium azide or nitrocellulose, that is, a squib (Fig. 1 pos.25); sound siren (Fig.1 pos.26); shut-off valves with Velcro (Fig.1 pos.27); a heating device (Fig. 1, pos. 28); a sensor (Fig. 1, pos. 29), triggered by a rapidly approaching obstacle in ground rescue devices, piezoelectric sensors (Fig. 1, pos. 30); oars (figure 1 pos.31); sleeves for oars (figure 1 pos. 32).

The rescue device of the type "Cocoon" (figure 1, 2) is made as follows

The hollow shell (Fig. 1, pos. 1), for example, in the form of a ball, cube, cone, divided internally into sectors isolated from each other, with valves for venting gas (Fig. 1, pos. 22) and with a heat-insulating coating (Fig. .1 pos. 23) on the inside and with a strong cloth from external damage on the outside. The cut surface of the hollow shell closing along the axis is provided with Velcro (Fig. 1, pos. 2). Inside along the cut, the surface of the hollow shell is additionally closed by a shut-off valve with Velcro (Fig. 1, pos. 27). Inside the outer surface of the hollow shell, guide ribs are fixed (FIG. 1, position 4), which help to straighten the hollow shell from the folded position. The following are integrated into the hollow shell: air intake tubes in the upper part, having a bend upward (Fig. 1, pos. 10), and water discharge pipes in the lower part with a valve and a pumping device for accumulating water (Fig. 1, pos. 11). Between the shells, hollow pipes with lenses are built in to inspect the location outside (Fig. 1, pos. 8). A backpack is fixed on the inner surface of the hollow shell (FIG. 1, pos. 14), located asymmetrically vertically, which allows you to assume a head up position when falling with the device from a height, with seat belts for a person (FIG. 1, pos. 13). When exposed to the ring (Fig. 1 pos. 12) of an electromechanical start-up (Fig. 1 pos. 15), the squibs (Fig. 1 pos. 25) are activated and the device is brought into working condition. On the backpack are fixed: a beacon with a cell phone (FIG. 1, pos. 16), emergency light (FIG. 1, pos. 17), an audible siren (FIG. 1, pos. 26). Outside, on the hollow shell, a solar battery is placed in the upper part (Fig. 1, pos. 19), in the lower part of the surface are electrodes (Fig. 1, pos. 18), which generate electric current upon contact with sea water, and piezoelectric sensors (Fig. 1, pos. .30) that generate current when moving through water, including fresh water, or when the wind (on the ground) feeds emergency lights, a beacon with a cell phone and a heating device (Fig. 1, pos. 28) in rescue devices for use in water and on land in landing and rescue devices. At the top there is a loop (Fig. 1, pos. 20) for lifting aboard a ship or a helicopter, for a rescue device on the water and an airborne rescue.

The rescue device of the type "Cocoon" (figure 1, 2) works as follows

A man puts on a backpack with a device in it, securing it with straps. In an emergency, for example, on a ship, jumping from the side, or when falling into the water, acting on the ring, the device is brought into working condition (it automatically swells in the form of a cocoon around the one being saved in hundredths of a second) through an electromechanical start-up that causes the igniters to ignite with sodium azide or nitrocellulose, with filling of the hollow shell sectors and straightening ribs with gas. The device, straightening, envelops the figure of a person and closes with Velcro. Additionally, it is possible to forcefully close the shut-off valve with Velcro, reinforcing the connection. A radio beacon with a cell phone, alarm lights and an audible siren are turned on. Outside air enters through the air intake tubes in the upper part of the device, the bend of which does not allow water to flood during a storm. The water that gets inside is pumped out through the water drain pipes at the bottom of the device, through a valve with a pumping device, or is drained into the hole under the central hatch. The electrodes start to oxidize when they get into sea water and generate an electric current; in fresh water, a piezoelectric sensor generates current, which is enough to activate a radio beacon with a cell phone, emergency light and an audible siren, a heating device, if necessary. To inspect the location there are pipes with lenses. To take on board a ship or helicopter, the Cocoon has a loop at the top of the device. Inside, there are valves for venting gas to exit the Cocoon. In addition, the outer surface of the hollow shell is made of durable fabric, which protects against external damage.

Rescue devices of the Cocoon type for other environments are similarly constructed.

Claims (10)

1. A rescue device consisting of a hollow shell with automatic filling from a gas cylinder or from combustion products, for example sodium azide, characterized in that the hollow shell is equipped with inflatable locking devices and is made in the form of geometric figures, for example, a ball, cone, cube outside, and the inner surface, for example, in the form of a cylinder, cone, cube with a volume for accommodating an adult inside with a heat-insulating coating, with a narrowing in the upper and lower parts, with a cut surface of the shell that closes I along its axis and is equipped with a Velcro fastening with straps on the inner surface for a person. 2. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is equipped with a beacon with a cell phone, alarm lights and an audible siren, a heating device, placed on the surface of the hollow shell, for example, electrodes, solar panels, piezoelectric sensors. 3. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the device inside the outer surface of the shell there are fixed guide ribs, which have a more rigid structure and help to straighten the shells from the folded state. 4. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of the device inside is divided into sectors isolated from each other, for a greater degree of reliability in case of damage and has valves for venting gas. 5. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell has integrated air intake tubes in the upper part, having a bend upward, and water drain pipes in the lower part, with a valve and a pumping device connecting the internal volume to the outside, hollow pipes with lenses for viewing the location, and sleeves with rowing devices are built into the shell. 6. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inflatable locking device has tubes for filling with gas and safety cables from falling out of the internal volume of the device, valves for releasing gas and a loop on the upper locking device for lifting aboard a ship or helicopter . 7. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outside of the shell and the locking inflatable device is covered with a durable fabric. 8. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that for rescue from a height, gas lighter than air, such as helium, can be used as gas. 9. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that for rescue from a height when using gas it is lighter than air, for example helium, filling with gas can be carried out from a stationary or centralized network. 10. The rescue device according to claim 1, characterized in that in case of fire, smoke in the water, you can use a breathing tube with forced inclusion of the air supply from the compressed gas cylinder and part of the air from the cylinder is automatically discharged into the internal cavity to ensure breathing.

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