RU2396934C1 - Gym apparatus complex for motor rehabilitation of patients with complicated trauma of spine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine and medical equipment and is intended for treatment and rehabilitation of patients with complicated trauma of spine. Gym apparatus for rehabilitation of patients with trauma of spine contains base-arena, to which connected are bar in horizontal plane with bull-bars, folding table and chair, knee support. On the bar rubber tie-rods are located. Horizontal bar is provided with the second bar in horizontal plane and two bars in sagittal plane. To bull-bars connected is support which contains lower, lateral and upper bars, connected with two vertical posts. ^ EFFECT: extension of device technical abilities due to additional training of muscles of upper extremities and shoulder girdle, application by patients who move by means of wheel chair and without wheel chair; realisation of improvement of nervous, muscular and motor activity of musculosceletal apparatus on the whole, acceleration of processes of spinal patient verticalisation, training of walking, reduction of contractures, spastics, increase of strength of lower and upper extremity muscles, strengthening of muscles of prelum abdominale and spine, acceleration of disturbed function of pelvic organs. ^ 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and medical equipment and is intended for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with complicated spinal cord injury and can be used in various fields of medicine, for example, neurosurgery, neurology, orthopedics, traumatology for reconstructive treatment of patients after a spinal cord injury. The simulator is designed to improve the nervous, muscle and motor activity of the musculoskeletal system as a whole, to accelerate the processes of verticalization of spinal patients, train walking, reduce contractures, spasticity, increase muscle strength of the upper and lower extremities, strengthen the muscles of the abdominal press and spine, accelerate the recovery of impaired function of the pelvic organs.

A device for the rehabilitation of the nervous, muscle and motor coordination of patients with disorders of the central nervous system, which contains a base, a power element, a vibrator with a vibrator, connected to a control unit for the frequency of vibrations and connected to a lever connected to the base using a movable joint to move the vibrator in at least one plane and in one direction. The power element is connected with the elements of the device adjacent to the movable joint, while the power element and the movable joint are configured to provide a predetermined displacement with a given force of the corresponding element of the device adjacent to the movable joint (patent RU 2179009, 2002). Vibration has a reflex effect on the functional state of the nervous system and helps to restore the disturbed balance of antagonist muscles by reducing the tone of spastic muscles. However, this method of rehabilitation provides an impact only on individual muscles, which does not allow changing the overall picture of the functional connections of the nervous system, and therefore only a slight temporary effect is achieved. In addition, the vibration effect is mainly applied perpendicular to the muscle fibers in a direction that does not coincide with the direction of the natural contraction and stretching of the muscle fibers.

The prototype of the invention is a simulator containing a horizontal bar with rubber rods, a knee stop, an arena, hinged bars, armrests, a folding table and a chair ["Rakhmatullin universal simulator for the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system", small Luch enterprise, Ufa, 1992, pp. 8-13]. This simulator is used to train the muscular and motor activity of the musculoskeletal system as a whole, through the phased development of walking skills.

The disadvantage of this simulator is that the horizontal bar consists of one crossbar located in a horizontal position. Also, the known simulator can be used by spinal patients who move with a wheelchair, because the design provides for the use of a wheelchair when installing the bars in the working position.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device for the rehabilitation of patients with impaired muscle, nervous and motor coordination due to a complicated spinal injury, providing restoration of motor stereotypes, improving muscle, nervous and motor coordination, removing spasticity of muscles, eliminating contractures, eliminating adhesions between muscle fibers in patients with impaired nervous and muscle coordination as a result of spinal injury.

The technical result is the expansion of the technical capabilities of the device due to additional training of muscles of the upper limbs and shoulder girdle, the use of patients who move with a wheelchair and without a stroller; improving the nervous, muscle and motor activity of the musculoskeletal system as a whole, accelerating the processes of verticalization of spinal patients, training walking, reducing contractures, spasticity, increasing the strength of muscles of the upper and lower extremities, strengthening the muscles of the abdominal press and spine, accelerating the restoration of impaired function of the pelvic organs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which represent the following:

figure 1-2 - the proposed simulator, General view; Fig 3-4 is a set of exercises performed on it.

The simulator for the rehabilitation of patients with a complicated spinal injury contains a riding ground 1, to which a horizontal bar with horizontal bars 2 and horizontal bars 3 in the sagittal planes, hinged bars 4, folding table 5 and chair 6, knee rest 7 are attached; on the crossbar are rubber traction in an amount of at least two (figure 1). A support is attached to the hinged bars, which contains the lower 8, side 9 and upper 10 crossbars that are connected to two vertical posts 11 (Fig. 2). Due to the presence of the support, a working area is created for training the walk from the training device, relying on the mounted bars, to the support and vice versa.

Thus, the proposed simulator contains:

- horizontal bars - crossbars with a set of rubber rods for performing exercises on muscle groups of the shoulder girdle, upper limbs, abdominals, muscles of the spine, lower extremities, as well as to stimulate the functions of the pelvic organs;

- knee support for training and strengthening the muscles and ligaments of the knee joints by standing and resting the patient’s knees on the knee support, squats, shifting from foot to foot, etc. with a gradual increase in time and number of approaches for adapting the patient’s body to an upright position after a long bed rest, as well as for developing a “knee closure” reflex;

- base-arena for teaching the patient the first walking skills after mastering the exercises on the knee stop;

- the mounted bars are designed to teach the patient walking a distance after mastering the arena, which is the next step for the transition to independent walking. The design provides for the use of support when installing the bars in the working position;

- the armrests formed by the crossbeams of the base allow you to strengthen the muscles of the upper limbs, shoulder girdle, mainly on which the initial load falls during training;

- the folding seat and folding table are designed to rest the patient between workouts, which fundamentally changes the conditions during the treatment and rehabilitation period, allows even weak patients to deal with them on their own, increase the number of approaches, and ensures safety during the class.

The proposed simulator is used for training in medical institutions during the rehabilitation period. All exercises are performed with a gradual increase in time and number of approaches.

Work on the knee stop

Standing on the knee stop, starting from 1-3 minutes with a gradual increase in time and number of approaches depending on the physical condition of the patient (Fig. 3 (1)).

Step from foot to foot by moving the center of gravity of the body with a gradual increase in time to 30 minutes and the number of approaches to 4-5 per day (figure 3 (2)).

Squatting using the knee rest and armrests with a gradual increase in the number of approaches (Fig. 3 (3)).

Manege work

The seat is in the idle position. The horizontal horizontal bar is closed. The patient, standing in the arena and holding on to the armrests, takes steps forward, backward, sideways with a gradual increase in time to 30 minutes and the number of approaches to 4-5 per day (Fig. 3 (4)).

Work on horizontal bars with a set of rubber rods

Pulling on the horizontal bar until it touches her chin, and then slowly lowering until the arms are fully extended and the abdominal muscles and spinal muscles are relaxed, hands are moved along the horizontal bars (Fig. 3 (5)).

Pulling on the horizontal bar and performing (or trying) the angle and complete relaxation of the muscles of the abdominal press and spine (Fig. 3 (6)).

Sitting on a chair using rubber rods, perform vertical hand movements (Fig. 3 (7)).

Sitting on a chair using rubber rods, perform hand movements to the sides (Fig. 3 (8)).

Sitting on the mats, using rubber rods, perform leg movements to the sides. If necessary, help with your hands (Fig. 3 (9)).

Sitting on the mats, using rubber rods, perform leg movements alternately up and down. If necessary, help with your hands (Fig. 3 (10)).

Lying on its side on the mats, using rubber rods, perform leg movements alternately up and down (Fig. 4 (11)).

Lying on the mats face down, using rubber rods, perform movements to bend the back (Fig. 4 (12)).

Lying on mats on his back, using rubber rods, perform back and forth movements of the body (Fig. 4 (13)).

Lying on mats on his back, using rubber rods, perform movements of straight legs alternately up and down (Fig. 4 (14)).

Lying on mats on his back, using rubber rods, perform bending of the legs alternately (Fig. 4 (15)).

Sitting on the mats, using rubber rods, perform body movements back and forth (Fig. 4 (16)).

Sitting on a chair using rubber rods, perform leg movements back and forth (Fig. 4 (17)).

Work on the uneven bars

Having extended the bars and securing them to the support, to master walking at a distance (Fig. 4 (18)).

Holding the bars, tilt the body forward and push-ups on the hands (Fig. 4 (19)).

On the bars to perform the angle (figure 4 (20)).

Claims (1)

A simulator for the rehabilitation of patients with a spinal injury, comprising a playpen, to which a horizontal bar with horizontal bar and mounted bars, a folding table and chair, a knee stop are attached, while rubber rods are located on the bar, characterized in that the horizontal bar is equipped with a second bar in the horizontal plane and two crossbars in the sagittal plane, and a support containing the lower, lateral and upper crossbars connected to two vertical posts is attached to the mounted rails.

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