RU2394149C1 - Expander-calibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production. ^ SUBSTANCE: facility consists of case with central channel, threads for connection with downhole equipment and recesses on external surface, wherein there are arranged rollers mounted on axles and made as cylinders with faces. Upper ends of axles perform restricted travel outside when interacting with conic surface of a circular piston, spring loaded upward, installed in the central channel of the case and designed to perform axial displacements. Lower ends of axles are inserted into bushings. The bushings are inserted into the case and perform restricted radial travels outside. The bushings and upper ends of the axles are spring loaded inside the case. The circular piston is equipped with a rod from below. A lower circular piston with upper conic surface interacting with the bushings is installed between the rod and the central channel below recesses. The circular piston is spring loaded from the lower circular piston. A flow section of the central channel of the case narrows from below. ^ EFFECT: upgraded quality of expanding, increased resource and reliability of facility, elimination of emergencies. ^ 4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the drilling of wells and is intended, in particular, for flaring and calibration of shaped pipes when installed in wells.

It is known “Device for expanding pipes in a well” (RF patent No. 2235849, ЕВВ 29/10, publ. Bull. No. 25 of 09/10/2004), including a housing with a central channel, threads for connecting to downhole equipment and recesses on the outside the surfaces in which the rollers are mounted on the axles, the upper ends of which are fixed in the housing detachably, and the lower ones are mounted in supports placed in the housing using hinges with the possibility of turning them in a plane passing through the longitudinal geometric axes of the housing and rollers, the upper ends of the axes R They are installed in the housing with a radial clearance, and in the central channel of the housing there is a hydraulic annular piston axially spring loaded and having pushers interacting with the upper ends of the roller axles, while the radial clearance between the housing and the upper ends of the roller axes is approximately equal to the difference in the diameter of the well and the inner diameter of the pipe after its expansion.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- high requirements for manufacturing accuracy and relative position of the pushers and axles of the rollers, because the rollers after putting them into working position should be on the same circumscribed circle;

- narrow gauge surfaces of the rollers, due to the design of the device, which forces to expand the pipe with a low feed rate of the tool and increases the time cost;

- a high probability of creating an emergency associated with jamming during the lifting of the device from the well, because the axis of the rollers do not have a rigid fixation in the transport position and the device can cling to the walls of the well with parts of the rollers.

Closest to the proposed technical essence is the "Device for pipe expansion" (RF patent for utility model No. 65554, ЕВВ 29/10, publ. Bull. No. 22 dated 08/10/2007), including a housing with a central channel, threads for connections with downhole equipment and recesses on the outer surface, in which the rollers are mounted, mounted on the axles and made of typesetted cylinders with bevels extending sequentially upward and stepless above each other, the lower end of the axis is connected to the housing with the possibility of the gate in the radial plane, and the upper end of the axis is made with the possibility of limited movement inward, while the upper end of the axis interacts with the pusher, which is made in the form of an annular piston spring-loaded from the bottom up, hermetically placed in the housing with the possibility of axial movement, and the over-piston cavity of the annular piston is communicated with a central channel.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- narrow gauge surfaces of the rollers, due to the design of the device, which forces to expand the pipe with a low feed rate of the tool and increases the time cost;

- a high probability of creating an emergency associated with jamming during the lifting of the device from the well, because the axis of the rollers do not have a rigid fixation in the transport position and the device can cling to the walls of the well with parts of the rollers.

The technical task of the invention is to ensure that the installation of the profile overlap is guaranteed to flush, reducing axial load during calibration, eliminating emergencies, increasing the resource and increasing reliability during operation and hoisting operations of the device.

The technical problem is solved by a flare calibrator, including a housing with a central channel, threads for connecting to downhole equipment and recesses on the outer surface, in which rollers are mounted on the axles and made in the form of cylinders with chamfers, the upper ends of the axes are made with the possibility of limited movement out when interacting with the conical surface of the annular piston, spring-loaded upwards and mounted in the central channel of the housing with the possibility of axial movement, zhnie axle ends are inserted into the sleeve.

What is new is that the bushings are inserted into the housing with the possibility of limited radial movement outward, and the bushings and the upper ends of the axles are spring-loaded inside the housing, while the annular piston is equipped with a rod at the bottom, a lower annular piston with an upper conical surface is placed below the recesses, interacting with the bushings, and the annular piston is spring-loaded from the lower annular piston, the central channel of the housing from the bottom is equipped with a narrowing of the bore.

In addition, the axes can be located in the housing in such a way that the top of each axis is circumferentially displaced forward in the direction of rotation of the device relative to the bottom of the axis, and in the places of contact with the rollers the axes can be equipped with wear-resistant inserts. Also, the bushings and axles can be made symmetrical about their axes.

Figure 1 shows the flare-calibrator in the transport position (section), figure 2 - view A in figure 1, figure 3 - flare-calibrator during flaring and calibration of pipes in the well.

Flare calibrator (Fig. 1) consists of a housing 1 with a central channel 2, threads 3 for connection with downhole equipment and recesses 4 on the outer surface, in which rollers 5 are mounted on axles 6. The rollers 5 have a cylindrical calibrating surface 7 s chamfers 8. The upper ends 9 of the axles 6 are fixed with a longitudinal protrusion 10 in the recesses 4 of the housing 1 with the possibility of limited radial movement outward when interacting with the conical surface 11 of the annular piston 12. The annular piston 12 nen, through a spring 13, a spring-loaded upwards and is mounted in a central bore 2 of the housing 1 with the possibility of axial displacement. The lower ends 14 of the axles 6 are inserted into the bushings 15 so that the axles 6 with the rollers 5 can be removed from the bushings 15 if they are replaced.

When this sleeve 15 is fixed due to the longitudinal protrusion 16 in the recesses 4 of the housing 1 with the possibility of limited radial movement out. The bushings 15 and the upper ends 9 of the axles 6, in order to guarantee the return of the rollers 5 to the transport position, are spring-loaded inside the housing 1 by means of springs 17. The annular piston 12 is equipped with a stem 18 from below, between it and the central channel 2 of the housing 1 below the recesses 4 there is a lower annular a piston 19 with an upper conical surface 20 interacting with the sleeves 15. Moreover, the annular piston 12 is spring-loaded with a spring 13 from the lower annular piston 19. The central channel 2 of the housing 1 to provide the differential pressure necessary to move p Piston 12 and 19 during operation of the device, from the bottom is equipped with a narrowing of the bore in the form of nozzles 21.

In addition, the axis 6, in order to increase the effect of "screwing" (the introduction of the rollers 5 (figure 3) into the distributable pipe 22 (figure 1) along a helical line), are located in the housing 1 (figure 3) so that the upper the ends 9 of each axis 6 are displaced by an angle α circumferentially forward in the direction of rotation of the device relative to the lower ends 14 of the axles 6. In the places of contact with the rollers 5 (Fig. 1), the axles 6 are equipped with wear-resistant inserts 23. In order to increase the life use in case of uneven wear of the inserts 23 (usually the upper sides wear out 23 rates, longer sensing the load on operating the rollers 5) of the sleeve 15 and the axle 6 are symmetrical about their axes.

Flare calibrator works as follows.

In the previously expanded interval 24 (drilling complication zone), the wells 25 lower the profile pipes 22 and expand them by creating internal hydraulic pressure until their walls are pressed against the wall of the extended section 24 of the well 25. Then, the device is connected to the drill pipe string using threads 3 of the housing 1 (not shown), in the composition with which they are lowered into the well 25. When the device reaches the upper end of the pipes 22 (Fig. 2), the drill pipe string begins to rotate while creating axial load and flushing the pipe cavity and device Twa through central passage 2 of the body 1, injection fluid.

Under the action of the pressure drop arising above the nozzle 21, the hydraulic annular piston 12, compressing the spring 13, moves downward and acts with its conical surface 11 on the upper ends 9 of the axles 6. At the same time it extends along the stem 18 under the influence of the same pressure drop, overcoming the resistance springs 13, the lower annular piston 19, which acts with the upper conical surface 20 on the sleeve 15. In this case, the axis 6 with the bushings 15 compressing the springs 17 and choosing the gaps 26 (figure 1) and 27 move in the grooves 4 (figure 2) of the housing 1 device -keeping radially to interact with the corresponding protrusions 10 and 16, bringing the rollers 5 in the working position.

With further rotation of the drill pipe string, flaring and calibration occurs due to the introduction of lead-in facets 8, rollers 5 into the walls of the profile pipes 22 not pre-squeezed by hydraulic pressure and straightening them until they are firmly pressed against the walls of the expanded section 24 of the well 25. At the same time, the calibrating surfaces of 7 rollers 5, having sufficient width, allow to expand and calibrate pipes with a high feed rate of the tool.

At the end of the flaring, the downhole pressure is vented and the drill pipe string with the device is lifted from the well. In this case, the hydraulic annular pistons 12 and 19 under the force of the spring 13 diverge to the sides of the grooves 4 of the housing 1, and the axles 6 and the sleeve 15 with the rollers 5, due to the efforts of the springs 17, respectively return to the transport position, excluding accidental interactions of the rollers 5 with the walls of the well 25, which can cause the device to jam when lifting.

The proposed flare-calibrator, thanks to the elongated calibrating sections of the rollers, provides better flaring and the installation of a profile overlap, guaranteed to flow in with a decrease in axial load during calibration. Due to the fact that the axes of the rollers are equipped with wear-resistant inserts and are symmetrical with respect to their axes, the resource of the device increases many times, and the displacement of the axes of the rollers by a certain angle eliminates the slipping of the rollers in the roll pipe. In addition, due to the presence of return springs on the axles and bushings of the rolling rollers, which allow rigidly fixing the rollers in the transport position, emergency situations when lifting the device from the well are eliminated.

Claims (4)

1. Flare calibrator, comprising a housing with a central channel, threads for connecting with downhole equipment and recesses on the outer surface, in which rollers are mounted on the axles and made in the form of cylinders with chamfers, the upper ends of the axes are made with the possibility of limited movement outward when interacting with the conical surface of the annular piston, spring-loaded upward and mounted in the central channel of the housing with the possibility of axial movement, the lower ends of the axes inserted into hulls, characterized in that the bushings are inserted into the housing with the possibility of limited radial movement outward, the bushings and the upper ends of the axles being spring-loaded inside the housing, the annular piston being equipped with a rod from below, the lower annular piston with the upper conical surface is placed below the recesses between the rod and the central channel interacting with the bushings, and the annular piston is spring-loaded from the lower annular piston, the central channel of the housing from the bottom is equipped with a narrowing of the bore. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes are located in the housing in such a way that the top of each axis is circumferentially displaced forward along the rotation of the device relative to the bottom of the axis. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes at the points of contact with the rollers are equipped with wear-resistant inserts. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bushings and axles are made symmetrical about their axes.

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