RU2392566C2 - Automatic rifle for surface and underwater application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to small arms and represents an bull pup-design automatic rifle consisting of barrel, breech box, breech frame with breech block, firing mechanism and has discharge assembly. Said breech box has two recesses for different-length cartridges, each being furnished with a catch. Hammer with firing spring and sear is arranged in breech box cover, directly behind barrel rear edge. Gas piston incorporates one line of holes arranged all around. There are two ledges made in breech box, each being arranged behind rear edge of one of said magazines. Rotary sleeve with length equal to that of breech frame has a handle that extends beyond the rifle lateral edge. Said sleeve has first edge arranged ahead of the bolt mirror, second ledge arranged on rear edge and a number of ledges made all around the sleeve front edge that thrusts against said gas piston. First ledge stays in contact with top cartridge in breech frame counterrecoil. Second ledge contacts one of the ledges arranged behind magazines in recoil of breech frame. Ledges on front edge of said sleeve shut off holes in gas piston.

EFFECT: fast adaptation of rifle in air or water medium in combat.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons technology, in particular to machine guns.

A device of the ASM-DT "Sea Lion" assault rifle is known, the design of which makes it possible to fire with conventional automatic and special underwater cartridges, and the ammunition used is changed by replacing the magazine / Popenker M.R. "Assault rifles of the world", Moscow, LLC "Publishing house AST", pp. 181-186 /. The disadvantages of this design are the inability to quickly change the used ammunition in the field, the presence of a complex unit for adjusting the gas pressure and the need for firing with the bolt open, which reduces the accuracy of fire.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a simple and compact machine with switchable automation, giving the possibility of firing simultaneously by two types of ammunition with a minimum transition time from one ammunition to another, using flue switchable automatics with selective power supply, moreover, the automatics are switched by changing the position of the clutch covering the gate frame on which the cocking handle, the extending protrusion and the protrusion in contact with the stroke limiter p we thereby suschestvlyaetsya choice of ammunition. In addition, when switching automation, the parameters of the gas outlet unit are changed, due to which the weapon is adapted to the conditions of surface or underwater use. A special trigger mechanism is also used, located above the barrel, whose location is selected from the condition of its reliable cocking and operation regardless of the stroke length of the bolt frame after unlocking the shutter. These solutions can reduce the dimensions of the machine, simplify its design, provide the ability to switch from one ammunition to another without replacing the store, and also provide the ability to fire with a closed bolt due to a more rational arrangement of the trigger mechanism.

The essence of the invention consists in the creation of automatic weapons for surface and underwater use with a bullpup arrangement, consisting of a barrel, a receiver, a bolt frame with a bolt, a trigger mechanism, a gas vent unit, characterized by the presence in the receiver of two mines for magazines with different cartridges lengths, each with its own latch, placement of the trigger with a mainspring and a sear in the receiver cover directly behind the rear cut of the barrel, the presence of one row in the gas piston located along a circle of holes, the presence in the receiver of two protrusions, each of which is located behind the rear cut of one of the stores, by placing around the bolt frame equal to the length of the rotary clutch having a handle protruding beyond the side cut of the weapon, one protrusion in front of the shutter mirror, one protrusion on the rear section of the coupling and one row of protrusions located in a circle on the front section of the coupling abutting against the gas piston, while depending on the position of the rotary coupling, the first protrusion when rolling the shutter frame has the possibility of contact kta with the upper cartridge of one of the magazines, the second protrusion during the rollback of the slide frame has the possibility of contact with one of the protrusions behind the magazines, and the protrusions on the front cut of the coupling have the ability to block the holes in the gas piston.

Figure 1 shows a section of the machine in a lateral projection, figure 2 shows a section of the machine in the upper projection, figure 3 shows a gas piston in the front projection.

The invention consists of a barrel / 1 /, a receiver barrel / 2 /, a shutter frame with a shutter / 3 /, a gas outlet pipe / 4 /, a rotary coupling / 5 /, a return spring / 6 /, a spring return guide / 7 /, a gas piston / 8 /, the cover of the receiver / 9 /, the magazine for cartridges of regular length / 10 /, the magazine for cartridges of long length / 11 /, the magazine latches for cartridges of small length / 12 /, the magazine latches for cartridges of long length / 13 /, the trigger / 14 /, mainspring / 15 /, whispered / 16 /, whispered springs / 17 /, trigger retarder / 18 /, trigger retarder springs / 19 /, trigger / 20 /, trigger springs skokovogo hook / 21 /, the transfer lever / 22 /, the spring of the transfer lever / 23 /, the translator-fuse / 24 /, the left spring plate / 25 /, the right spring plate / 26 /. On the inner surface of the receiver there are protrusions / 27 / and / 28 / serving as stoppers for the slide frame stroke, the rotary clutch has an external handle / 29 /, protrusion / 30 / for interacting with the cartridge when feeding, protrusion / 31 / in contact with the protrusions / 27 / and / 28 / at the extreme rear point of the recoil of the bolt frame, a series of protrusions / 32 / on the front cut of the coupling, and an annular protrusion / 33 /, which can come into contact with the trigger / 14 / when rolling the bolt frame and with the transmission lever / 21 / when rolling the shutter frame. The gas piston / 8 / has a series of openings / 34 / through which the flow of powder gases acting on the piston into the atmosphere occurs. Inside the receiver / 2 / there are covers / 35 / and / 36 / with springs / 37 / and / 38 /, overlapping the mines of the stores in the absence of stores.

Before firing under water, the rotary clutch / 5 / is installed in such a position that its protrusions / 32 / block the holes in the piston / 34 /, and the protrusions / 30 / and / 31 / are located above the magazine with cartridges for underwater shooting. The bolt / 3 / is coupled to the receiver / 2 /, the mainspring / 15 / is in maximum compression, one end of the transmission lever / 21 / is engaged with the trigger / 19 /, the other end is coupled with the sear / 16 /. After pulling the trigger / 19 /, a shot occurs, the powder gases following the bullet fall into the gas exhaust pipe / 4 / and press on the piston / 9 /, setting the bolt frame with the shutter / 3 / and the rotary clutch / 5 /. After unlocking the shutter / 3 / the annular protrusion of the coupling / 33 / cockes the trigger / 19 /, and the bolt frame with the shutter / 3 / continues to roll back, removing the spent sleeve. At the end of its rollback, the bottom of the sleeve through the cutout in the shutter mirror collides with the protrusion / 27 /, due to which it is reflected outside the arms through the extraction window, and immediately after this the protrusion / 31 / collides with the protrusion / 27 /, after which by the action of the return spring / 6 / the bolt frame with the shutter / 3 / starts to move forward, capturing with the protrusion / 31 / another cartridge from the magazine. The dispatched cartridge after exiting the neck of the store / 11 / with its end abuts against the spring plate / 24 /, which holds it throughout its movement. After the bolt frame with the shutter / 3 / comes to the front position, the weapon is ready to fire again.

Switching weapons automatics to the shooting mode in the above-water position is carried out by turning the cocking handle / 29 /. In this case, the protrusions of the rotary coupling / 32 / open the holes on the piston / 34 /, due to which there is a partial discharge of gases from the gas chamber into the atmosphere and the speed of the shutter frame with the shutter / 3 / is reduced. The protrusions / 30 / and / 31 / occupy a position above the magazine with conventional cartridges / 10 /. The further operation cycle of the automation is identical to the above operation cycle during underwater shooting, except that the reflection of the spent sleeve occurs when it hits the protrusion / 28 / of the receiver, and the dispatched cartridge with its front end abuts against the spring plate / 25 /.

The trigger mechanism works as follows: in the “on-fuse” position, the translator-fuse / 23 / locks the transmission lever / 21 /, the sear / 16 / and the trigger / 14 /. In the "single fire" position, the trigger / 19 / has a limited stroke, sufficient to trigger the trigger / 16 / from the cocking arm of the whisper / 14 /, but not enough to retract the transmission lever / 21 / in the position in which it is able to engage with the bolt frame / 3 / when it is rolling. In the "automatic fire" mode, the trigger / 19 / can already make a full stroke, in which the transmission lever / 21 / can engage with the bolt frame / 3 /, automatically overturning the sear / 16 / and firing the next shot. Cocking of the trigger / 14 / in both cases is carried out by an annular protrusion of the coupling / 33 /, and the relative position of the trigger and this protrusion is selected from the cocking condition of the trigger / 14 / at the idle stage of the shutter frame / 3 /.

The return spring guide / 7 / together with the return spring / 6 / is located on the side of the barrel / 1 / on the side of the receiver / 2 / where the magazine for conventional cartridges is located. Such a decision is dictated by both layout reasons and the need to maintain balance of weapons, since a magazine with conventional cartridges is lighter than a magazine with cartridges for underwater shooting.

The use of an automation scheme with two magazines and a switchable supply of cartridges seems optimal taking into account the specifics of using a two-medium assault rifle as a special-purpose weapon, involving sudden fire contacts at a short distance and at the border of two mediums / reconnaissance and sabotage operations in the coastal zone /. Under such conditions, the minimum transition time from one munition to another seems to be a decisive advantage. The use of the bullpup layout is also dictated by the specifics of the special-purpose weapons, namely the requirement of its maximum compactness.

The use of a trigger trigger placed above the barrel makes it possible to fire with the bolt closed while using long rounds, which eliminates the movement of the center of mass of the weapon before firing and thereby increases the accuracy of fire.

The use of a switchable gas outlet unit makes it possible to simplify the design of weapons in comparison with the AFM-DT machine, which uses an automatic gas pressure regulator.

The use of guide spring plates reduces the likelihood of skewing the cartridge when feeding when shooting with long cartridges, as well as when shooting with conventional cartridges with a relatively long feed path.

Claims (1)

Automatic weapon for surface and underwater use in the bullpup layout, consisting of a barrel, a receiver, a bolt frame with a bolt, a trigger mechanism, a gas vent unit, characterized in that the receiver has two magazine shafts for cartridges of different lengths, at the same time, each of them is equipped with a latch, the trigger with the mainspring and the sear is placed in the receiver cover directly behind the rear cut of the barrel, in the gas piston there is one row of circumferential openings in the barrel Two protrusions are made in the box, each of which is located behind the rear cut of one of the stores, around the bolt frame there is a rotary coupling equal to its length with a handle protruding beyond the side cut of the weapon, the first protrusion located in front of the shutter mirror, the second protrusion, is made on the coupling located on its rear cut and a series of protrusions located in a circle on the front cut of the coupling abutting against the gas piston, while the first protrusion is in contact with the upper cartridge of one of the magazines when the shutter frame rolls, second The protrusion contacts one of the protrusions behind the magazines when the bolt frame rolls back, and the protrusions on the front section of the coupling block the holes in the gas piston.

Images