RU2388199C2 - Rotary tiller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rotary tiller comprises two conical rotary harrows with ripping teeth connected to hubs with the possibility of rotation around horizontal axis. Rotary harrows consist of annular rims of large, medium and small diametres, which are connected to each other by means of scraper-planks along their generating surfaces. At the same time rotary harrows are installed on composite crank axis made of three parts, central crank axis and two side axles. Besides connection of axles to crank axis is carried out by means of coupling, with further fixation by counter nuts, and on axles, in inner cavity of harrows, there are scraper-wipers are mounted.

EFFECT: invention provides for higher efficiency of weeds destroying and soil tillage, and also prevention of harrow clogging with soil into earth lump.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, to the working bodies of cultivators designed for cultivating row crops, namely for cultivating potatoes.

Known cultivator okuchnik KON-2,8A, containing a frame with an attachment device to the tractor and working sections, based on the copy wheels. To destroy weeds, the cultivator is equipped with a set of rotary working bodies, including conical rotary cultivators (Intensive technology of potato production: Collection. - M .: Moscow Worker, 1987. p. 91-96. - Scientific and technological progress in the agricultural sector).

The disadvantage of the device for the destruction of weeds and loosening of the soil is the process that is not efficiently carried out for the destruction of weeds and loosening of the soil, their low operational reliability, and also the clogging of the internal cavity of rotary harrows with a soil lump at high soil moisture. The harrow practically turns into an “earthen lump”.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities when caring for potato plants, increasing the efficiency of weed destruction and loosening of the soil and eliminating the clogging of the harrow with soil in an earthen lump.

This goal is achieved by the fact that for processing the ridge surface of various profile of the ridge, the rotary cultivator is equipped with paired rotary harrows. Rotary harrows are made in the form of a geometric figure composed of annular rims of larger, medium and small diameters, which are interconnected by scraper bars on their forming surfaces, while the rotary harrows are mounted on a composite crankshaft consisting of three parts, a central crankshaft axis and two lateral half shafts, moreover, the half shafts are connected to the crankshaft by means of a coupling followed by locking with locknuts, and a scraper is mounted on the half shafts in the inner cavity of the harrows -chistiki.

To eliminate clogging of the internal cavity of the rotary harrows, the rotary harrows are mounted on the crankshaft with their lower bases towards each other and are bolted to the hubs of the crankshaft with small diameter ring rims.

In order to increase the efficiency of loosening the soil and destroy weeds on the entire surface of the rotary harrows, the number of bar scrapers between the large and medium rings is twice as large as between the middle and smallest rings, and the bar scrapers are made in the form of a comb.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a model of a rotary cultivator;

figure 2 is a model of a composite crankshaft with scrapers;

figure 3 is a model of a rotary cultivator for processing the comb with the orientation of the semi-axes in the horizontal plane with an inclination in the direction of the translational speed of the cultivator;

figure 4 is a model of a rotary cultivator for processing the comb with the orientation of the semi-axes with an inclination upward in the transverse plane relative to the translational speed of the ripper;

figure 5 is a model of a rotary cultivator for processing the ridge with the orientation of the semi-axes in the horizontal plane with a slope in the opposite direction of the translational speed of the cultivator;

Fig.6 is a model of a rotary cultivator for processing the comb with the orientation of the semi-axes with an inclination downward in the transverse plane relative to the translational speed of the cultivator.

The rotary cultivator consists of two rotary harrows 1 mounted to the hubs 2 and 3 of the composite crankshaft 4 with stand 5 and scrapers 14.

The rotary harrow 1 is composed of annular rims - large 7, medium 8 and small 9 diameters, interconnected by scrapers-strips 10, along their forming surfaces. Rotary harrows 1 are worn on the crankshaft with lower bases facing each other and are bolted to the hubs of the crankshaft with annular rims 9 of small diameter.

The composite crankshaft axis 4 consists of three parts, two axles of the left and right 6, and the central crankshaft axis 11, interconnected by threaded connections through the sleeve 12 and secured by lock nuts 13. In the inner cavity of the rotary harrow, on the axles 6 - scrapers-scrapers 14 are mounted The rotary cultivator is mounted by a stand 5 to the working section of the cultivator (not shown).

The technological process performed by the rotary cultivator is as follows. In the work, the rotary harrows 1, rolling along the surface of the ridge 15 with scraper strips 10, loosen the soil, comb out and drag the weeds along the ridge, breaking the connection between the root neck of the weeds and the soil. The rotary cultivator simultaneously performs the function of a copying wheel of the cultivator working section. When processing the aisles after germination, the cylindrical part of the harrow is removed.

In the process, the soil and plant materials that penetrate between the scraper strips 10 into the inner cavity of the harrow are cut by scraping scrapers 14 and are removed under the action of self-support through large annular rims 7 in the row spacings, and are also sifted between scraping strips.

To adjust the rotary harrows 1 to the angle of inclination of the sidewall of the ridge 15, the bolts 16 are removed, fixing the composite crankshaft 4 to the rack 5, and are rotated on the crankshaft by an angle corresponding to the angle of inclination of the sidewall of the ridge. When adjusting the rotary harrows to a different row spacing, for example 75 cm, the half shafts 6 turn out, thus the rotary harrows 1 are moved apart and are adjusted both to the row spacing and to the angle of inclination of the ridge side.

Thanks to this embodiment of the rotary cultivator, technological possibilities are expanded when caring for potato plants, the efficiency of weed destruction and loosening of the soil is increased, and the harrow cannot be clogged with soil in an “earthen lump”.

Claims (3)

1. Rotary cultivator containing two conical rotary harrows with ripping teeth attached to the hubs with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis, characterized in that the rotary harrows consist of ring rims of large, medium and small diameters, which are interconnected by scrapers-strips along their forming surfaces, while the rotary harrows are mounted on a composite crankshaft consisting of three parts, a central crankshaft and two side axles, and the attachment of the axles to the crankshaft axis is carried out by means of a coupling, followed by fixing with locknuts, and scrapers are mounted on the axle shafts in the inner cavity of the harrows. 2. The rotary cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary harrows are worn on the crankshaft with their lower bases facing each other and bolted to the hubs of the crankshaft with small diameter ring rims. 3. The rotary cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of scraper bars between the large and middle rings is two times greater than between the middle and smallest rings, and the scrapers are made in the form of a comb.

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