RU2373834C1 - Head-mounted binocular ophthalmoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: ophthalmoscope contains headband and fixed on it ophthalmoscope body, in which placed are: binocular attachment, lens member, light-source with reflecting mirror. Included into ophthalmoscope are: fixed on body miniature video-camera and semi-transparent mirror, installed in front of lens member, optically connected with video-camera objective lens and with reflecting mirror for directing light from light-source, made in form of light-emitting diode light-source, placed in body, located in circular casing with possibility of movement and fixation in several positions. In ophthalmoscope also introduced is computer with included in it modem with aerial, connected by radio-channels, computer receiver with video-camera, modem aerial - with the Internet.

EFFECT: invention ensures increase of exploitation in battle field conditions, possibility of equipping with modern means used to fix examinations of eye injuries and pathologies and of making diagnosis of greater quality, which finally results in increased efficiency of treatment of eye injuries and diseases.

2 cl; 3 dwg

Description

Ophthalmoscope frontal binocular refers to the field of medical technology - to ophthalmic devices.

Ophthalmoscopes are intended for the study and examination of pathologies in the fundus. There are a lot of designs of ophthalmoscopes. The most popular at present are portable head-mounted ophthalmoscopes mounted on a head-helmet. Frontal ophthalmoscopes free the hands of an ophthalmologist. For example, the design of the forehead ophthalmoscope is known, see par. Of the Russian Federation No. 2137415 from 1997.01.20. А61В 3/12 “Device for measuring fundus objects”, containing a forehead, with the stop of which a device is provided, equipped with a tube with optical elements with the possibility of its movement along the optical axis of the optical node of the device. In addition, it contains an ophthalmic lens in a tube, a meter and a forehead ophthalmoscope. The meter is made in the form of two transparent grids deposited on the lens, mounted with the ability to move in opposite directions using a micrometer screw. The grids are marked with scales forming a reference system with grids. The ophthalmoscope is intended for clinical examination of the fundus with the measurement of its elements. The operation of the device is as follows. The doctor puts a forehead ophthalmoscope on his head, illuminates the fundus with a light source and operates with a measuring mechanism mounted on a tube. The last doctor holds in his hand, moves the frontal stop of the tube until it touches the patient's forehead and fixes it. After fixing the position of the optical node of the device, the doctor takes measurements of objects on the fundus.

The disadvantages of this design of the device are: in this design, a complex mechanism for measuring the fundus of the eye fundus is proposed, which is difficult to manufacture and use, it requires not only the training of a doctor, but also constant monitoring of the correct operation of the staff. The design is not modern, there is no access to a computer, i.e. the possibility of viewing the fundus on a large screen, with the ability to shoot photo or video cameras of the fundus image. Placing the device on the headband of the forehead ophthalmoscope is uncomfortable and prevents the doctor from examining the patient's eye. The standard light source used in a conventional ophthalmoscope greatly heats the doctor’s face, requires a power supply, a step-down transformer and the ability to connect to the electrical network, therefore, the device is used only in stationary conditions, it can not be used in field, combat conditions, the presence of wires, a power supply The step-down transformer makes this design heavy, uncomfortable and inefficient. At this time, pathologies in the fundus can be measured more accurately and simply by the technology and design of measurement. The proposed design is archaic, laboratory, and in the practice of measuring pathologies in the fundus is not used.

The closest solution to the design of the head-on binocular ophthalmoscope widely used by domestic ophthalmologists is the NBO-3 ophthalmoscope, see http //www.horizont.kiev/ua/NOTES/Oftalmoscop%20NBO-3.htm, designed for binocular stereoscopic reflex examination of the ocular fundus by the ophthalmoscopy method in reverse when illuminated with blue and blue-green ("red") light. The device is used without medical expansion of the pupil for diagnostic purposes and during surgical operations. The design of the device contains a headband on which the body of the ophthalmoscope is fixed. A binocular nozzle with a nozzle lens is placed in the housing, onto which parallel rays from binocular lenses fall, reflecting a rotary mirror located above the nozzle lens and optically coupled to the illuminator. A KGMN-12.50 lamp, with a power of 65 W, with a voltage of 220 V, with a frequency of 50 Hz, is used as a light source, it is possible to work autonomously from 5 NKGTs-1,2-1 batteries. The instrument kit includes an aspherical lens 20 diopters.

The disadvantages of the design of such an ophthalmoscope are: the device cannot be used in combat and field conditions due to the lack of an autonomous light source that works for a long time and with sufficient light output, it is impossible to conduct mobile eye examinations directly in the wards or in the barracks, the lamp heats up very much, which creates certain inconvenience to the doctor , fragile, i.e. unreliable in the field, the design is inconvenient and ineffective, there is no possibility of recording the fundus picture, connecting to a computer, TV, to the Inte I'll take it. The design of the device is heavy, the total weight with packaging is 3 kg.

The technical result of the proposed solution of the ophthalmoscope is: increasing the efficiency of operation in the field, the ability to equip with modern means of fixing studies of lesions and eye pathology and better diagnosis, which ultimately leads to an increase in the effectiveness of the treatment of lesions and eye diseases.

This result is achieved by the fact that in an ophthalmoscope with a head-mounted binocular, containing a headband and an ophthalmoscope body mounted on it, in which a binocular nozzle, lens attachment, illuminator with a reflecting mirror are placed, according to the invention, a miniature video camera and a translucent mirror mounted in front of the lens are inserted - nozzle, optically coupled to the camera lens and with a reflecting mirror of the direction of light from the illuminator, made in the form of an LED light source, placed in a case located in an annular frame with the possibility of moving and fixing in several positions, while a computer with a modem with an antenna inserted into it is also inserted into the ophthalmoscope, the computer receiver with a video camera connected via radio channels, and the modem antenna with the Internet, and in the case of the illuminator, grooves are made, and in the annular frame, holes are aligned with the grooves in which the locking screws are installed.

The invention is expressed in the aggregate of essential features sufficient to achieve the technical result provided by the invention.

The essential features of the proposed solution of the ophthalmoscope, which coincide with the known features of the prototype, are: the presence of a headband; an ophthalmoscope body mounted on it with a binocular nozzle, a lens attachment, a illuminator with a reflecting mirror placed in it.

The salient features of the forehead binocular ophthalmoscope are: A - a miniature video camera mounted on the body is inserted into the ophthalmoscope; B - a translucent mirror mounted in front of the nozzle lens, optically coupled to the camera lens and with a reflecting mirror of the direction of light from the illuminator; B - the illuminator is made in the form of an LED light source located in a housing located in an annular frame with the ability to move and fix in several positions; D - a computer with a modem inserted into it with an antenna, a computer receiver with a video camera connected via radio channels, and a modem antenna connected to the Internet are also inserted into the ophthalmoscope.

Particular distinguishing feature: D - grooves are made in the illuminator body, and holes are aligned in the annular frame, combined with grooves in which the locking screws are installed.

The ophthalmoscope is shown in figures 1, 2, 3.

Figure 1 shows a schematic optical diagram of an ophthalmoscope with a binocular nozzle (plan view).

Figure 2 shows a schematic optical diagram of a device with a light source, a video camera and a computer (main view).

Figure 3 - design of the light source.

An ophthalmoscope with a forehead binocular contains a headband 1 (Figs. 1, 2), an ophthalmoscope body 2 mounted on it, on which a binocular nozzle 3, a lens nozzle 4, a illuminator 5, a reflecting mirror 6 mounted on a rotary axis are mounted. A translucent mirror 7 is mounted in front of the lens attachment 4 on the body 2. A miniature video camera 8 is mounted on the bracket 2 of the ophthalmoscope, optically coupled to the translucent mirror 7 and wirelessly connected to the computer 9. The illuminator 5 is made in the form of a standard LED 10 light source located in annular frame 11 (figure 3) with the possibility of movement. The grooves 13 are made in the housing 12 of the illuminator 5, and the holes 14 are made in the fixture frame 11 of the illuminator, symmetrically aligned with the grooves of the housing 12 of the illuminator 5. Locking screws 15 are placed in the holes 14 of the annular frame 11. A modem 16 is installed in the computer 9 (Fig. 1) an antenna directed and connected by a radio channel to the Internet. The receiver of the computer 9 is wirelessly connected to the camcorder 8. As a computer, you can use a laptop.

A LED light source is used as a illuminator - an electric torch DUO-1 www YarkiyLuch / ru manufactured in the UK with three 3 × G13 finger batteries (included). The light emitted by the LED has a wavelength of 470 nm (line C) and line D - 505 nm, a low-voltage electric power supply of 2 V DC at a current of 5 mA, operating temperature -40 ° C - + 84 ° C. The LED itself does not heat up much. The illuminator has the ability to move in the direction of light emission. The first position - the illuminator through a reflecting mirror can illuminate the eye, the fundus, because optically coupled to a reflecting mirror directing light to the eye through the diopter lens included in the ophthalmoscope kit. The second position. The locking screws 14 in the annular frame loosen, they exit the grooves of the illuminator body. The illuminator is lifted up and removed from the optical circuit of the device, illuminating the space around.

As a digital mini-video camera, a wireless mini-video camera of the USB brand is used, operating from a Krona battery up to 5 hours of continuous operation. The receiving device can be located at a distance of up to 100 m (in a straight line). The color image and sound are transmitted over the air at a frequency of 2.4 MHz. A computerized surveillance system allows you to output and record video signals to a computer (laptop) via USB ports. The system uses motion detection technology and the MPEG compression standard to record moving objects. The compression ratio reaches 300: 1. The mini-video camera provides wireless transmission of sound and color images, has a built-in microphone (sensitivity up to 10 m). Record in the MPEG, DV, AVI, VCD, DVD, WMV standard. There is also the technical possibility of displaying the picture on the TV screen or on a VCR.

A modem with an antenna is inserted into the laptop - Ubiquam UM-300, weight 34 g, powered by a laptop, talk time is unlimited, has voice communication, SMS, EV-DO; R-UIM card, has an Internet connection. Phone 500 cells, 200SMS.

The operation of the device is as follows. The doctor puts the headband on the head, adjusts its interpupillary distance in the binocular nozzle, which can be in the range of 54-72 mm, and adjusts the diopter movements of the eyepieces of the binocular nozzle. It turns on the LED light source, adjusting with a reflecting mirror, first induces a light spot on the nose of the patient. He puts the diopter lens 17 into the focus of the nozzle lens and directs the light beam through the pupil 18 of the patient's eye 19 to the fundus 20, examining it. Light from the fundus is reflected and, passing in the opposite direction through a diopter lens, is reflected from a translucent mirror and enters the lens of a digital mini-video camera. The image from camera 8 is transmitted by radio signal to the computer receiver and displayed on its screen. This image can be captured either on a VCR, or it can be transferred to a large TV screen. The proposed device design is multifunctional, for example, through a mini-video camera, secretly observing through an ophthalmoscope binocular nozzle, you can track objects on the ground at a distance of up to 100 m, capture their images on a laptop screen, and transfer them via modem via the Internet to another user. In addition, one can consider the image of not only the fundus, but also the image of the retina, cornea, iris, sclera on a large TV screen.

Using the device “Ophthalmoscope head-on binocular” in comparison with the prototype allows to increase the efficiency of the device in combat and field conditions, to improve the quality of equipment with modern means of observation and research of ocular tissues, the retina of the eye fundus and sclera for the rapid and effective treatment of lesions and diseases of the eyes, thanks because a miniature video camera and a translucent mirror mounted in front of the lens attachment are inserted into the ophthalmoscope oh and optically coupled with the lens of the mini-video camera and with a reflecting mirror, the direction of light from the illuminator, made in the form of an LED light source located in the illuminator housing, located in an annular frame with the ability to move and fix in several positions, while a computer is also introduced into the ophthalmoscope with a modem with an antenna inserted in it, a computer receiver with a video camera interfaced via radio channels, and a modem antenna with the Internet. The proposed design of the ophthalmoscope was reconstructed on the basis of the standard head-on binocular ophthalmoscope (NBO-3) used in the Armed Forces of Russia, therefore the design is technological and economical, because all production costs are minimized. The design of the proposed ophthalmic device is equipped with modern monitoring and fixation tools: a miniature video camera, a computer (laptop) with a modem inserted into it with an antenna and paired with it via a radio channel, an efficient illuminator that consumes very little energy and has a long life (10 years). The design of the ophthalmoscope device is lightweight and expands the functions of the medical device, as allows you to secretly monitor the terrain at a distance of up to 100 m, record what you see on a computer, transfer images on the Internet, to a TV, send SMS, messages by phone. The modem has voice communication. The proposed design of the ophthalmoscope is technologically advanced, economical, industrially applicable and can be recommended for use by military doctors. The design of the device passed prototype tests and showed good results.

Claims (2)

1. An ophthalmoscope with a forehead binocular, containing a headband and an ophthalmoscope body mounted on it, in which a binocular nozzle, lens attachment, illuminator with a reflecting mirror are located, characterized in that a miniature video camera and a translucent mirror mounted in front of the lens are inserted into the ophthalmoscope a nozzle optically coupled to the lens of the video camera and with a reflecting mirror of the direction of light from the illuminator, made in the form of an LED light source located in the housing it can be moved and fixed in several positions, and a computer with a modem with an antenna inserted into it, paired via radio channels, a computer receiver with a video camera, and a modem antenna with the Internet are also inserted into the ophthalmoscope. 2. The ophthalmoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves are made in the illuminator body, and the holes in the annular rim are aligned with the grooves in which the locking screws are installed.

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