RU2371768C2 - Hardware and software complex for manufacturing digital plans and maps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: there is proposed hardware and software complex for making digital landscape models as per pictures and digital photos by special-purpose space complexes, and for obtaining digital and analogue orthophotomaps as per single photography images, and making landscape stereo models as per space pictures and aerophotos. Hardware and software complex includes the following: photo scanning working station (PSWS), photogrammetric working station (PWS), digital picture orthotransformation working station (DPOWS), telecommunication equipment and server intended for enduring information protection against unauthorised access, for storing the data required for operation of the complex working stations and for transmitting that data to the complex working stations.

EFFECT: enlarging functional capabilities, improving accuracy and quick operation and reliability of the devices for making digital plans and maps.

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Description

Technical field

This technical solution relates to the field of computer technology, namely, devices for the manufacture of digital plans and maps using photogrammetric methods.

State of the art

A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC WORKPLACE is known (RF patent for invention No. 2225593, application 2002109417 dated 10.04.2002, IPC G01C 11/00, patent holder of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise NPP Rubin, assignee of OAO NPP Rubin, authors Atapin N.F., Yakunin .A., Shigin V.V., registration 03.10.2004, bull. 7).

1. PHOTOGRAMMETER WORK PLACE (PCM), containing a personal electronic computer (PC) in the basic configuration, consisting of a system unit with a monitor, keyboard, graphic mouse manipulator and printer connected to it, a stereoscopic video monitoring device (ICS), consisting of a color monitor, screen polarization filter (PPF), coordinate joystick (DLC), parallax joystick (DGP) and operator panel (ON), characterized in that it further comprises a controller with aereoscopic video monitoring device, the first output of which is connected to the input of the color monitor, the second output is connected to the input of the polarization filter on the screen, the three inputs of the controller of the stereoscopic video monitoring device are connected respectively to the outputs of the coordinate joystick, parallax joystick and the operator panel, and the input-output of the controller of the stereoscopic video monitoring device with the output-input of the local bus of the PC system unit.

2. Photogrammetric workstation (FRM) according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller of the stereoscopic video monitoring device comprises a computer interface unit, the first input-output of which is connected via the ISA bus to the output-input of the PC system unit, the second input-output from the internal controller data bus, the first (LVK Address) and second (PrK Address) outputs of the computer interface block are connected to the controller’s internal ADR bus, and the first and second inputs of the computer interface block, respectively, of the LVK and PrK synchronization circuits, the operator panel register (RgPO), the input of which is connected to the output of the operator’s console, and the output is connected to the internal data bus of the controller controller, a joystick register, two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the coordinate joystick (DLC) and the parallax joystick (DJP), and the output is connected to the internal bus controller BD data, control unit of the polarization filter PPF on-screen, the output of which is connected to the input of the polarization filter on-screen, and the input to the LVK synchronization circuit, random access memory (RAM), the four inputs of which LVK and P K are connected in pairs with an internal address bus (ADR) and a data bus in pairs, an OR logic circuit, the output of which is connected to an internal data bus in a random access memory (RAM), the four inputs of which LVK, PrK are paired respectively with an internal address bus (ADR) and the data bus SD, the first register of path numbers (PHTp1), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (PD), the second register of path numbers (PHTp2), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (PD), the counter of path numbers (SCNTr), the input of which is connected to the internal data bus (BD), the random access memory image register (RZOZUI), the input of which is connected to the output of the random access memory image device (RAM), and the output with the first input of the OR logic circuit, the random access memory register graphics (РГОЗУГ), the input of which is connected to the output of the random access memory of the graphics (RAM), and the output with the second input of the OR logic circuit, the brand forming unit, the input of which is connected to the internal address bus ), an image shifting circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the register of random access memory of the image (PrOZUI), the decoder of the numbers of graphic points, the four inputs of which are connected respectively to the output: the register of random access memory of the graphic (PrOZUI), the first register of trajectory numbers (PHTp1) the second register of trajectory numbers (РНТр2) and a trajectory number counter (СННТр), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the input of which is connected to the output of the image shift circuit, the graphic shift circuit, the input of which the first is connected to the output of the decoder of the numbers of the graphic points, the interface unit with the monitor, the three inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the brand forming unit, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and the graphic shift circuit, and the three outputs (Video, H and V) with the corresponding inputs of the color monitor .

The disadvantage of an analogue is limited functionality.

Another analogue of one of the blocks of the claimed technical solution is the JOYSTICK FOR PHOTOGRAMMIC WORKPLACE (RF patent for utility model No. 46350, application 2005107425 dated March 16, 2005, IPC7 G01C 11/02, patent holder of OAO NPP Rubin, authors Bogdanov O.Yu. , Atapin N.F., Yakunin Yu.A., registration June 27, 2005, bull. 18) containing a handle and a signal generation circuit from the joystick handle kinematically connected to it and consisting of two variable resistors, the initial contacts of which are connected through the first and second voltage limiting resistors s +5 V, and the end points through the third and fourth limiting resistors to ground, the sliders (outputs) of the first and second variable resistors respectively connected through the first and second capacitors to ground, and the third capacitor is connected between +5 V and ground ", characterized in that the joystick additionally contains a microcontroller (MCC), the PC inputs (0,1) of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the first and second variable resistors of the signal generation circuit from the joystick handle, the PB inputs (3, 4, 5) are connected to programmer (external circuit programming of a permanent semiconductor memory device (PROM)), a circuit for interfacing an IWC with a personal computer (PC) containing the first and second transistors (VT1 and VT2), the base of the first transistor (VT1) is connected through the fifth resistor to the emitter and +5 V, and through the sixth resistor with the PD (1) output of the microcontroller, the collector of the first transistor (VT1) through an RC chain of the seventh resistor and the fourth capacitor is connected to ground, the collector of the second transistor (VT2) is connected to the PD (0) output of the microcontroller and through the eighth resistor s +5 V, emitter - with ground, and the base of the second transistor (VT2) is connected via the first diode VD1 plus to ground and through the chain the ninth resistor is the second diode VD2 plus with the middle of the RC chain of the seventh resistor and fourth capacitor, RS-232 RxD interface outputs and TxD are connected respectively to the collector of the first transistor VT1 and the minus of the second diode VD2.

The disadvantages of this analogue are reduced accuracy, resolution, ease of use.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is a PHOTOGRAMMIC WORKPLACE (FRM) (RF patent for the invention No. 2277262, application 2004135604 dated December 6, 2004, IPC G06T 1/00, patent holder of OAO NPP Rubin, authors Atapin N.F. ., Bogdanov O.Yu., Yakunin Yu.A., registration 05/27/2006, bull.15) containing a personal electronic computer (PC) in the basic configuration, consisting of a system unit with a monitor, keyboard connected to it, mouse-type graphic information manipulator and printer, stereoscopic video monitoring device (IED), consisting of a color monitor, coordinate joystick (DLC), parallax joystick (DIJ) and light-valve glasses (СО), characterized in that it further comprises an IED monitor monitor, the first inputs and outputs of which are connected to the PC system unit , the first output with the input of the color monitor of the CMSS, and the second output with the input of the light-valve glasses, the adapter of the monitor of the CMSS contains the left-side memory (RAM) of the left frame (RAM LCP) and RAM of the right frame (RAM of the control panel) for fixing the image density left and the right frame, RAM of the left frame (RAM LKG) and RAM of the right frame (RAM PCG) for fixing graphics, control device RAM control SDRAM, control device adapter (CU) connected to the control device SDRAM via control buses, address and data and the first an output with a PC expansion bus, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the input of which is connected to the second output of the control device (UU), operational amplifiers, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and the outputs with the inputs R, G, B of the color SVK monitor , the driver of light-valve glasses, the input of which is connected to the third output of the control device (UE), and the output with the entrance of the light-valve glasses, the joystick contains variable resistors Rx and Ry, a control handle mechanically connected with the axes of the variable resistors Rx and Ry, an analog-to-digital converter ( ADC), the two inputs of which are electrically connected to the outputs of the variable resistors Rx and Ry, and the other two to the outputs of the variable resistors of another joystick, the VVC forming unit, the output of which is connected to the third input of the analog-to-digital converter eating, and two inputs - with the RTS and DTR outputs of the PC serial communication port (COM), PC communication serial port (COM) communication unit, the two inputs of which X and Y are connected to the outputs of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the third RxD and the fourth TxD inputs and output ± X, Y, respectively - with the outputs RxD and TxD and the input ± X, Y of the PC serial communication port (COM) connector.

The disadvantages of the prototype are small functionality, limited accuracy, resolution, reliability.

The essence of the technical solution

The well-known hardware and software complex for the manufacture of digital plans and maps based on aerial photography, satellite imagery and digital images contains a photogrammetric workstation (FRM), consisting of a personal electronic computer (PC) that controls a keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the "mouse" type , two joysticks, a stereo monitor, a hard disk drive (HDD) and a laser printer connected to the AC network through a line filter and uninterruptible power supply.

The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality, increase the accuracy and speed, resolution, reliability.

The complex additionally contains a workstation for scanning photographs (RMSF), consisting of a personal computer operating with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the “mouse” type, a hard disk drive (HDD), a photogrammetric scanner connected to an alternating current network via a line filter and uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a workstation for orthorectification of digital images (RMO), consisting of a personal computer operating with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the “mouse” type, a hard drive a magnetic disk (HDD), a photogrammetric scanner connected to an ~ 220 V AC network through a line filter and uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a server with a monitor, keyboard, a graphic mouse (MG) manipulator, and a hard disk drive ( HDD) connected to an alternating current network ~ 220 V through a network filter, telecommunication equipment as part of a local area network controller (LAN), connected via a local area network to a personal computer controlled by an RSMF, FRM, RMO, personal computer and add lnymi workstations (ARM) complex automation equipment (KSA) or special recording devices, LAN object, and to an AC 220 V through a filter network.

List of drawings

Figure 1 shows an enlarged structural diagram of a hardware-software complex for the manufacture of digital plans and maps;

Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of a hardware-software complex for the manufacture of digital plans and maps;

Figure 3 shows the structural diagram of the photogrammetric workstation (FRM);

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the functioning algorithm of a hardware-software complex for the manufacture of digital plans and maps.

An example embodiment of the device

The enlarged structural diagram of the hardware-software complex for the production of digital plans and maps (Fig. 1) contains a photograph scanning workstation (RMSF) - 1, a photogrammetric workstation (FRM) - 2, a digital image orthorectification workstation (RMO) - 3, a server - 4, telecommunication equipment - 5, consisting of a local area network (LAN) switch - 6, and a network filter - 7.

The structural diagram of the hardware-software complex for the manufacture of digital plans and maps (Fig. 2) additionally contains in the RMSF 1 keyboard - 8, a graphic manipulator (MG) of the mouse type - 9, a monitor - 10, a personal electronic computer (PC) controlling - 11, a hard disk drive (HDD) - 12, a photogrammetric scanner - 13, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) - 15, in FRM 2 a keyboard - 16, a graphic manipulator (MG) of the “mouse” type - 17, joysticks - 18 , 19, stereo monitor - 20, control PC - 21, HDD - 22, laser printer A4 - 23, IB P - 24, network filter - 25, in RMI 3 keyboard - 26, MG type "mouse" -27, monitor - 28, PC control - 29, HDD - 30, UPS - 31, network filter - 32, in the server 4 keyboard - 33, MG type “mouse” - 34, monitor - 35, PC - 36, HDD - 37 and surge protector - 38.

To create digital models of terrain from photo and digital images of special-purpose space complexes and obtain digital and analog orthophotomaps from single photo images, to create stereo terrain models from space and aerial photographs, it is necessary to perform the following tasks:

- convert the optical density of images of space and aerial photographs by scanning photographs, to obtain digital terrain images (CIZM);

- create stereo terrain models and digital terrain models within the trapezoid of nomenclature sheets of topographic maps and plans for space and aerial photographs;

- receive digital orthophotomaps and orthophotomaps as part of the trapezoid nomenclature sheets of topographic maps using domestic and foreign materials of survey and detailed satellite imagery and based on the results of aerial photography of the area;

- provide the ability to issue on the local network output digital cartographic products (orthophotomaps, orthophotomaps, digital terrain models and stereo terrain models) in standard exchange formats.

To complete the tasks, the complex includes:

photograph scanning workstation (RMSF);

photogrammetric workstation (FRM);

workplace of orthorectification of digital images (RMO);

telecommunication equipment and server.

The workstation for scanning photographs (RMSF) is intended for converting the optical densities of images of space and aerial photographs by scanning photographs, obtaining digital terrain images (CIMS), accumulating and transmitting them over a local network to a server.

The photogrammetric workstation (FRM) is intended for the automated creation of digital terrain models and digital elevation models (DEM) by stereo processing of CIZM. Ready stereo models and DTMs are transmitted over the local network to the server.

The digital image orthorectification workstation (RMO) is designed to produce digital orthophotomaps and orthophotomaps using domestic and foreign survey and detailed satellite imagery materials and based on aerial photographs of the area.

In RMO, it is possible to issue digital digital map output (orthophotomaps, orthophotomaps) to the server via a local network in standard exchange formats.

The telecommunication equipment of the complex provides information exchange between the server and the workplaces of the complex, communication with the local network of the facility where the complex is installed, and also provides connection to the complex of additional devices (printing and special recording devices, additional workplaces from the complex).

The server protects information from unauthorized access and stores the data necessary for the functioning of the workplace complex.

The workstation for scanning photographs does not need the results of the FRM and RMO. The input information is space and aerial photographs, the output information is digital terrain images (CIM), which is transmitted to the server via a local network or accumulated on magnetic media. The RMSF does not form products, but only preprocesses - it prepares input digital arrays for the FRM and RMO.

The photogrammetric workstation uses digital terrain images obtained on the RMSF and located on the server, and data on the shooting equipment and its position at the time of shooting, which come from outside on machine media or are entered manually.

Processing on the FRM is complex and time-consuming. Here, all kinds of orientation of images and models are carried out: internal, mutual and external - a stereo model of the area is formed by processing the original CIMS into digital images in the reduced plane. By automatically correlating the images, a parallax matrix is formed and is interactively controlled and corrected. As a result, a parallax matrix is formed, which is automatically processed into a digital terrain model in the form of a matrix of heights or / and an array of contour lines.

Thus, FRM forms two types of products - DEM and stereo terrain model, which are transmitted to the server via a local network or recorded on magnetic media.

The workstation of orthorectification of digital images receives digital terrain images (CIZM) at the input, as well as a DEM for the processed trapezoid.

The resulting images are oriented and orthorectified using DEM. Since the obtained fragmentary orthoimages, each separately, do not cover a given trapezoid, they are “stitched” into a single orthophotomap, which, when ready, is transmitted to the server via a local network line or recorded on magnetic media.

Thus, RMO forms the third type of output.

The list of tasks solved at the Legrandit complex

1. Scanning space photographs and obtaining digital images of the terrain.

2. Internal, mutual and external orientation of digital terrain images. Automatic and interactive obtaining of digital elevation models as part of nomenclature sheets and stereo terrain models.

3. Orthorectification of digital images and obtaining digital orthophotomaps as part of nomenclature sheets.

Industrial applicability

The hardware-software complex for the production of digital plans and cards is industrially implemented, it has the best quality characteristics, advanced functionality, large computing power, modern technical means, and higher reliability.

Claims (1)

Hardware-software complex for the production of digital plans and maps based on aerial photography, satellite imagery and digital images, containing a photogrammetric workstation (FRM), designed to receive digital terrain images (CIMS) from the server received at the photo scanning workstation (RMSF), and consisting of a personal electronic computer (PC) operating with a keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the “mouse” type, two joysticks, a stereo monitor, a hard magnetic drive a disk (HDD) and a laser printer connected to an alternating current network through a line filter and an uninterruptible power supply, a server designed to protect information from unauthorized access, to store data necessary for the functioning of the complex’s workstations, and to transfer this data to workstations complex, characterized in that the complex additionally contains a workstation for scanning photographs (RMSF), designed to prepare the input arrays of digital terrain images (CIZM) d For a photogrammetric workstation (FRM) and a workstation for orthorectification of digital images (RMO) and consisting of a personal computer operating with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) such as a mouse, a hard disk drive (HDD), a photogrammetric scanner connected to AC networks through a line filter and uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a digital image orthorectification workstation (RMO), designed to receive digital terrain images (CIZM) and digital dressed terrain (DEM) and consisting of a PC operating with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the mouse type, a hard disk drive (HDD) connected to an alternating current network of ~ 220 V through a line filter and uninterruptible power supply ( UPS), a server with a monitor, keyboard, graphic manipulator (MG) of the “mouse” type, a hard disk drive (HDD) connected to ~ 220 V AC via a network filter, telecommunication equipment as part of a local computing controller with tee (LAN), connected via a local area network to a personal computer controlling the RMSF, FRM, RMO, personal computer server, LAN of the object and providing the ability to connect additional automated workstations (AWP) to the complex, as well as to an AC network ~ 220 V through a network filter .

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