RU2370943C1 - Automatic hail suppression rocket launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hail suppression rocket launchers. Proposed rocket launcher can be operated automatically in response to instructions of central computer with no servicemen, except for charging the rockets. Proposed device comprises radio modem, control computer, electric drive controller, elevation angle and azimuth drive control units consisting of motors with two-stage reduction gears and angular position absolute pickups. It comprises also starting circuits controller that generates rocket launching pulses and locking rocket launch in response to alarm signals generated by intrusion protection system. Replaceable packages of launch guides allow launching various-design hail suppression rockets.

EFFECT: simpler design, reduced weight and overall sizes, higher efficiency.

6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of active impacts on the clouds in order to prevent hail, floods and mudflows of torrential origin using anti-hail rockets.

Known anti-hail rocket launcher (PU) TKB-040, consisting of a base with three support legs, a swivel, two whatnots with 12 guides for anti-hail rockets and a remote handheld rocket launcher mounted in pairs and fan-shaped [1].

The disadvantages of the TKB-040 launcher are manual guidance in azimuth and elevation, manual rocket launch impulse, non-operational system for fixing PIP in guides and the resulting reduction in the efficiency and effectiveness of exposure to hail clouds, especially in the case of large-scale and fleeting hail processes, when detection prior to reagent introduction into the clouds is limited to 2-3 minutes.

Also known PU "Alan-MZ" [2], which has a remote semi-automatic control, consisting of a base, a ball epaulet, a top machine, a cradle, electric drives for lifting and turning lodgements with 36 guide tubes fixed to them, electromechanical drives and an external control panel based on Notebook

The disadvantages of PU “Alan-MZ” are the lack of automatic and manual (emergency) control modes, low reliability of the semi-automatic control system, complexity, large weight (1300 kg) and high cost of PU, which limited the possibility of mass use.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed object is the "Complex impact on the clouds" [3], consisting of PU "Elia" and the control center. PU "Eliya" consists of a bed of cylindrical shape with four legs, rotation mechanisms in azimuth and rocking in elevation with electric drives and relative optical sensors of rotation angles, multi-tiered packages of guides of different designs for PGI of different calibers, unified in size, and a remote semi-automatic control (PROTOTYPE).

The main disadvantages of the prototype is:

- cumbersome and unreliable remote control;

- the unreliability of the automatic control system PU for commands from the control center anti-hail operations;

- the difficulty of orienting on the ground (you have to turn the launcher weighing 650 kg to orient it to the north) due to the inaccessibility of changing the position of bulky and primitive sensors of angular position in the field;

- limiting the rotation of the control panel in azimuth from 0 to 360 degrees and vice versa with limit switches and braking devices to prevent cable twisting to the remote control;

- the complexity and inconvenience of the locking devices of the guides for charging PIP, requiring the locking tooth to fall into the PIP groove, which is difficult to realize in the field, often at night, in heavy rain and wind, makes the missile station inoperative for a long reload period;

- the complexity of the design (more than 980 original mechanical parts), the high complexity of manufacturing, metal consumption (650 kg) and high market value;

- the inextricability of the PU structure and the presence of a portable foundation with anchor devices requires the use of a crane during transportation and deployment of PU at the position;

- universalization of launchers for launching old large-sized missiles and small-sized missiles of a new generation complicated its design, led to an increase in labor input, overall mass characteristics and cost, and to unjustified redundancy, since the large-sized anti-hail missiles used will be replaced by more efficient and cheaper small-sized new-generation missiles.

These shortcomings reduce the effectiveness of the prototype and limit its application in practice of anti-hail protection, so the transition of anti-hail services to new-generation small-sized missiles and full automation of anti-hail operations is not provided with the required launchers.

The technical result of the use of the claimed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of PU and the active effects on the clouds by creating a convenient and reliable automatic remote control system, simplifying the design and reducing the overall mass characteristics, using convenient locking devices and absolute angular position sensors.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed small-sized launcher Eliya-2 is equipped with an automated remote control system, interchangeable guide rails and locking devices adapted for launching small-sized ПИ with a dynamic start (“As” and “Alan-3”) and a reactive start ( "Darg", "Alazan-6") and has the following advantages over analogues and prototype:

- automatic control of the launcher according to the commands of the central computer of the ASU-MRL anti-hail operations management system, which ensures accurate guidance of the launcher to the target and the quick launch of the required number of IHL without personnel;

- automatic control and registration of angular coordinates and PIP launch time in order to ensure the safety of anti-hail firing;

- collapsible design in 3 parts (slewing ring, machine with hardware containers and a package of guides), eliminating the need for a crane during transportation and installation of PU at positions often located in hard-to-reach places;

- convenience and efficiency of loading and unloading PIP in guides (even at night and in bad weather) due to the use of new locking devices for fixing PIP in guides;

- the presence of absolute sensors to simplify the orientation of PU on the ground and determining the angular position of the package of guides when the power is turned on, without passing reference points, as provided in the prototype;

- the lack of limitation of rotation of the control unit in azimuth due to the placement of all control equipment on the rotating part of the control unit, eliminating the need for limit switches and braking devices;

- increasing the rate of fire by increasing the guidance speed in the corners and the shortest guidance path to a given azimuth;

- the presence of a small stationary foundation with three anchor bolts forming an isosceles triangle;

- the presence of the ground loop and lightning protection in the PU, which protect the control system, electric drives and starting circuits from interference and static charges;

- simplicity of design of mechanical components of PU containing a total of 108 original parts (9.5 times more in the prototype);

- high reliability, manufacturability, low weight (250 kg), ensured by rational layout of PU, reducing the range of materials, eliminating limit switches, braking devices, control panel, long cables to it, etc., which together reduces market value of PU.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a control system for automatic control system, consisting of a central computer-calculator of the coordinates of firing 1, the output of which is connected to a radio modem KP 2, a radio modem 3 installed inside the hardware container PU 28, which controls the computer 4, the controller for controlling electric drives 5, azimuth and elevation engine control units 6 and 7, azimuth and angle electric motors with two-stage gearboxes 8 and 9, elevation swing mechanism 10 with an absolute angle sensor 11, azimuth rotation mechanism 12 s are absolute azimuth sensor 13, the package guides 14, the controller starting circuits 15, the alarm system 16 and battery 17.

On figa presents a General view of the proposed PU, consisting of a supporting device 18, mounted on the foundation 19, the ground loop (not shown in figure 2), the rotation mechanism in azimuth 20 with a scale device azimuth 21 (see fig.2b), an electric drive in azimuth 22, a machine 23, a guide rail package 24, an elevation angle drive 25 with a scale device 26, a container with a power source 27 and a container with control equipment 28 (see Fig. 2c) and an antenna of the radio modem 29.

In order to simplify, facilitate and reduce the cost and increase the effectiveness of PU, the following design features are provided:

- the support node 18 with stiffening brackets is welded to a base having 3 legs placed at 120 degrees and containing arcuate slots within ± 7 degrees for ease of installation and fastening on the foundation with anchor bolts (not shown), as well as an axis with a narrowing diameter a ratio of 2: 1, on which the rotation mechanism is mounted in azimuth 20;

- the rotation mechanism in azimuth 20 is made in the form of a pipe rotating on angular contact bearings mounted on the axis of the support node 18, and is connected to an electric azimuth 22, on the axis of which a scaler 21 and an azimuth sensor 12 are attached;

- the machine 23, rigidly connected to the azimuthal rotation mechanism, is made in the form of a right triangle with a leg ratio of 2: 1, at the top of which there are welded sockets with outlines for fastening the left and right pins with a collapsible connection to the guide rail 24, one of which is a drive on the axis of which the gearbox of the swing mechanism is fixed along an elevation angle 25 with a scale device 26;

- to eliminate restrictions on the rotation of the control unit in azimuth in any direction, the control system and power supply are placed in containers 27 and 28, mounted on a machine rotating in azimuth;

- for the same purpose, an omnidirectional antenna of the radio modem 29 is selected, rigidly mounted on a machine rotating in azimuth.

On figa and 3b depicts in two projections a package of guides designed to run PGI "As" and "Alan-3" (with folding tail plumage), made of two six-tier blocks - left 30 and right 31, containing 18 guides and connected by bolts 32, two pins - left-hand drive 33 and right-hand 34 mounted on the crosspieces of the blocks 35, connected by a spacer-bar 36, six locks of the support 37 and sockets of the starting chains 38. A gearbox of the electric drive of the elevation angle is mounted on the drive axle with its axis sensor 39 and scale device 21 shown in Figure 2b.

The guides 40 are made to facilitate the construction of thin-walled aluminum pipes, the length in relation to the length of the PIP 2.6: 1. The front end of the pipes is chamfered, the second end is flared and sandwiched between the flanges 41 on the rear walls of the blocks, and the guide pipes are supported by rubber cuffs 42 installed in the holes of the front and rear walls of the blocks and used to dampen vibrations when starting the PIP.

Support locks 37, each of which provides simultaneous fixation of 6 PIPs in 6 guides and their retention until the PIP engine sets the breaking force, made in the form of a captive support inserted into the latch between the package body and the PIP start unit. This original technical solution greatly accelerates the process of charging and discharging PIP, which is extremely important in conditions of acute time deficit and bad weather that occur when exposed to hail clouds.

Sockets of the starting circuits 38, which serve to control the presence of PIP and supply the start pulse of the PIP, are located on the rear wall of the guide package.

The center distance between the rails in the blocks 30 and 31 vertically is selected in the ratio of 1.33: 1 to the outer diameters of the pipes, which ensures the placement of pipe mounting flanges 41 in the rear wall of the blocks and the minimum dimensions of the blocks 30 and 31, and the horizontal distance between the centers is increased up to 2.18: 1 for placement of starter circuits to the left of each pipe.

On figa and 4b shows in two projections a package of rails 43, which serves to run the PGI with a rigid plumage, consisting of two four-tier blocks - left 44 and right 45, bolted, two pins - left drive 46 and right 47 mounted on crosses blocks 48, guides 49, locking devices 50 and sockets of starting circuits 51.

Each block contains 12 guides, made in the form of a rectangle with 5 partitions having curly windows, as well as four semicircular runners 52 welded to the partitions, having the length of the guides, so that the inscribed circle between them is equal to the PGI gauge with a tolerance of +0, 5 mm, and which are the support for the housing and feathers PIP, limiting the rotation of the PIP. The center distance between the rails is selected vertically at a ratio of 1.53: 1 to the PIP gauge, so that with the minimum dimensions of the block, the locking devices protruding beyond the caliber are provided, and horizontally at a ratio of 1.88: 1, taking into account the location of the starter circuits to the left of each guide.

The locking device (see Fig. 4c) of a fundamentally new design, is made in the form of two identical spring-loaded whispers 53 with rolling rollers 54, expandable by the chewing (cone) part of the PIP when loading, and when stopping the PIP into the guide, the stoppers 55 included in the annular groove PIP nozzle block simultaneously from two opposite sides, which makes it possible to quickly charge PIP (including at night and in bad weather) by pushing it into the guide until it clicks, in which va stopper, providing a parallel position of the PIP in the guide, in contrast to the prototype, in which the PIP is locked on one side, pressing it from the bottom up with a skew force.

Both versions of the guide rails shown in Figs. 3 and 4 have simple designs, low weights, unified dimensions and mounting trunnions located in the center of mass in such a way as to ensure the smallest imbalance in the equilibrium of the packet in the presence and absence of PIP in the rails and reduce the load on electromechanical drives and energy costs from the battery.

The work of the proposed PU is carried out in three modes:

- automatic (main) mode without the participation of personnel;

- semi-automatic mode with the participation of the operator;

- manual mode with the participation of the operator.

The automatic mode of operation of the launcher is carried out without the participation of personnel on commands from the central calculator of the coordinates of firing on the radio modem.

The detection and recognition of hail and hail clouds is carried out at the control center using the automated ASU-MRL anti-hail operation radar control system, consisting of a meteorological radar, a software and hardware complex for primary and secondary processing of radar information and a central computer 1 that manages multiple control centers (up to 32 pcs.), located on the entire area protected from hail, in a radius of 60-70 km. The coordinates of the KP and missile points (longitude, latitude, altitude) are determined using GPS with an accuracy of 0.001 min and are entered into computer 1. The path characteristics of the applied types of PIP are entered into it. At a missile point are 1 or 2 launchers. Each control unit is assigned its own identification number.

With the development of the hail situation in the territory covered by a network of missile points, the software of computer 1 automatically provides:

- A survey of the “Readiness” of the launchers, including verification of radio communications, the presence of PIP in the guides of launchers and the battery charge;

- the choice of PU that can optimally sow reagents with volumes of hail clouds where the initial stages of hail formation take place (it is impossible to prevent the hail from forming);

- selection of the type of PIP used;

- calculation of the command to start the series of PIPs, including the elevation angle, initial azimuth, azimuth step, type of PIP, number of PIP and number of guides. A series of PIPs can contain from 1 to 18 PIPs, depending on the scale and location of the hail cloud, and usually starts at a single elevation angle in azimuth increments of 5, 6, 8, or 10 degrees;

- transmission of a command from computer 1 via radio modem 2 to the selected control unit;

- monitoring the execution of the command on the radio modem;

- generation of a signal “Recharging PU, if less than 6 PIP are left on it;

- registration and documentation of the execution of commands.

On the control panel by the commands of computer 1, the following is automatically performed:

- withdrawal from the "sleep" mode of control equipment PU;

- the “Readiness” survey command is received by the radio modem 3 and entered into the control computer 4, which, according to the specified program, with the help of the start-up controller 15 checks the charge of the battery 17, the presence of PIP in each guide of the control panel. The presence of a starting circuit with a resistance of not more than 4 ohms means "Guide is charged" and the code "1" is generated, the presence of a circuit resistance of more than 10 kOhms means "Guide is discharged" and the code "0" is generated. This information via radio modem 3 is transmitted to the CP in computer 1;

- the command to start the PIP from computer 1 through the radio modems 2 and 3 enters the control computer 4, which provides the input of the elevation angle and the first azimuth to the controller for controlling electric drives 5;

- the controller 5 issues control commands to the control units for electric drives of the elevation angle 6 and azimuth 7;

- control units 6 and 7 connect the power supply circuit of the elevation angle 8 and azimuth 9 engines to the battery and ensure that the angles specified in the command are worked out;

- the control computer 4 provides the readings of the absolute sensors of the elevation angle 11 and azimuth 13, compares the set angles with the issued ones, if they do not coincide, it provides correction, and if it matches, it generates a command to the start-up controller 15, which gives a start pulse (to the guide specified in the command) PIP with a duration of 1 ms, a voltage of 24 V and a current of at least 3 A;

- after starting the PIP in the first azimuth, the control computer 4 issues a command to guide the control panel to the second and subsequent azimuths. Operations to launch the second and subsequent PIPs are carried out according to the described algorithm;

- the coordinates and start-up time of the PIP are entered into the memory of the host computer 4 and, after the completion of the entire command, are transmitted via the radio modem to the central computer 1, and the system switches to the standby mode for the next command or the “Hang up” command, in which the system goes into “sleep” standby mode .

The semi-automatic control mode of the control panel is used for the phased commissioning of the blocks and nodes of the control system during the deployment of the control panel at the position. The commands of the central point to start the PIP can be received by voice communication, entered into the control computer 4, from the keyboard connected to it, the control program of the control panel is launched, which provides guidance of the control panel in the corners and alternately starting the PIP in all azimuths and elevation angles indicated in the command.

Manual mode is used when installing the control unit at the position, leveling and orienting and loading the control unit, as well as for test launches of the pilot unit and in emergency situations (for example, failure of an electric motor, etc.). In manual mode, control in azimuth and elevation is carried out when the power is turned off, using a removable handle (not shown) inserted on the shaft of the azimuth engine (or elevation angle), which has a protrusion on both sides.

Leveling of the PU is carried out using a quadrant or level, adding or removing metal gaskets between the support 18 of the foundation 19. After leveling and fixing the PU on the anchor bolts of the foundation, the elevation angle sensor 11 and the scale device 25 are matched. the power supply to the control equipment of the control unit is turned on and the sensor housing rotates before the indication of 0.0 degrees is established, controlled on the display, connected assigned to the host computer. After that, the scale device 25 is set at 0.0 degrees, loosening the screws of its fastening and turning around the axis in the arc slots.

Orientation PU is carried out after its leveling. To this end, the guide package is guided with an optical sight (not shown) to a landmark with a known azimuth, breadcrumbs of the mounting of the azimuth sensor 13 on the azimuth rotation mechanism are released, the control equipment of the control unit is turned on and the azimuth sensor housing 13 is rotated before the azimuth reading is established benchmark goal. After that, the same azimuth is set on the scale device 21.

Commands to start the PIP in manual mode (trial or emergency) are received by voice, the package of guides is manually adjusted to the specified azimuth and elevation angle, and using the keyboard connected to the host computer 4, the guide number is selected and a command is issued to issue a pulse to start the PIP.

The PU is charged by trained personnel in the horizontal position of the guide package, the PU power is off, alternately inserting the PGI with both hands into the guides and fixing them with locking locks or locking devices. PIP plugs are inserted into the PU sockets in the sequence from right to left, avoiding the position behind the PIP nozzle block.

The manufacture and factory tests of the prototype fully confirmed the operability of the Eliya-2 launcher and the convenience of its use.

Information sources

1. Abshaev MT, Kliger B.A .. Methodological guidelines for the use of the anti-hail complex "Alazan" for active impacts on hydrometeorological processes. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1989 .-- 57 p.

2. Technical description of the Alan-MZ launcher MZ-134.00.000RE.

3. RF patent No. 2276914 dated 08/26/2003 // Abshaev M.T., Kuznetsov B.K., Kairov A.M., Cherkashin V.M., Gushchin V.D., Gorbushin A.L. PROTOTYPE.

Claims (6)

1. An automated anti-hail rocket launcher containing a support device, azimuth rotation and swing mechanisms at elevation angles, interchangeable guide rails for launching anti-hail rockets of various types and an automatic control system, characterized in that the control system comprises a radio modem for receiving commands from a central computer connected to the first input of the control computer, to one of the outputs of which is connected the drive control controller, two outputs of which are connected to the unit control of electric drives of guiding the installation in azimuth and elevation angle, consisting of DC motors with two-stage gearboxes, on the output shafts of which absolute angular position sensors are fixed, connected to the second and third inputs of the control computer, to the second output of which the start-up controller is connected, which provides control the presence of missiles in the guides and the impulse to launch missiles when the azimuth and elevation codes issued by the central computer and angle sensors match position, as well as blocking the launch of missiles in case of an alarm from a security alarm system connected to the fourth input of the control computer. 2. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that its design is designed to be disassembled into three parts — a slewing ring, a machine and an interchangeable rail package, eliminating the need for a crane when mounting at a position and transporting it. 3. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it does not have rotation limiters in azimuth and external cables, for which all control system units, a power source, and an omnidirectional antenna of the radio modem are located on a machine rotating in azimuth, mounted on the axis of the supporting device with angular contact bearings. 4. The installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the replaceable multi-tiered packages of guides consist of 2 identical multi-tiered blocks, unified by width and attachment points, bolted, two trunnions - the left drive and the right, fixed on the side crosses in the area of the design point equilibrium package guides and connected by a screed, and locking devices made for a particular caliber and type of PIP, and the center distance between the guides in the blocks is selected:
for rockets with folding plumage in relation to the outer diameter of the pipe vertically 1.33: 1 to accommodate the flanges of the pipe mounting, and horizontally increased to 2.18: 1 to place the sockets of the starting circuits to the left of each pipe;
for rockets with rigid plumage in the ratio to the caliber of the rockets vertically 2: 1 to accommodate the locking devices protruding beyond the caliber, and horizontally in a ratio of 3.2: 1, taking into account the location of the launch circuit sockets to the left of each rail. 5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the support locks for fixing in the guiding missiles with folding into a caliber plumage are made in the form of a captive support inserted into the latch between the package body and the launch site of the PIP, and ensuring the simultaneous fixation of 6 missiles in 6 guides and their retention until the rocket engines set their breakdown forces. 6. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking device for fixing rockets with a rigid plumage is made in the form of two identical spring-loaded whispers with stops and rollers, pushed apart by the chewing part of the PIP when charging, and falling when sending the PIP to the annular groove of the nozzle block of the PIP stoppers fixing PIP simultaneously from two opposite sides.

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