RU2369814C1 - Drum type istallation for drying - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: installation is designed for hot air drying of large-size cellular blocks saturated with solution of polymer binding. The essence of the invention is as follows: the drum-type installation for drying consists of a drum rotating around horizontal axis and installed coaxially with a drive ring of a frame, of fixture components, of a system for supply air into the drum, of reverse of air-drying, of assembling frame for the cellular block and of a rotation drive. The drum is made symmetrical in three dimensions and contains a chamber and two symmetrically arranged bells rectangular at one end to be connected with the chamber, and round at another end wherein collectors with guides are assembled; the guides divide live section of the bell to equal parts and form nozzles at the rectangular end of the bell with angle of opening ≤90°; on the nozzles there are installed grids of rectangular section with various hydraulic resistance decreased from the centre of the drum to its periphery. Folding upper and lower swivel doors are secured to opposite adjacent to rectangular ends of bell sides of the chamber; the doors have rests for fixation of the assembly frame with the cellular block along the centre of the drum, the doors have also ears with slots for folding bolts. With one round end of the bell the drum is attached to the drive ring assembled on the frame and designed to rotate in a roller bearing; at another round end of the second bell an additional ring is secured coaxially and, as well as the drive ring, is installed on the frame and rotates in the roll bearing. Free ends of driven and additional rings are equipped with movable labyrinth seals for connection with components of the system of drying air supply into the drum. A sprocket for transmission of rotation to the drum from the drive by means of a chain is installed on the driven ring by a flange.

EFFECT: upgraded material hardness properties of large-size cellular blocks, uniformity of properties, improved labour conditions at operations of cellular blocks loading into installation and unloading from it.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of structures with honeycomb core and can be used in production lines for the manufacture of large honeycomb blocks from polymer paper in the process of forming a cellular structure and drying after impregnating a honeycomb packet with a polymer binder solution.

As is known, the strength of glued structures using honeycomb aggregates depends on the strength characteristics and uniformity of the material throughout the entire volume of the honeycomb. At the same time, the quality of drying the honeycomb block material impregnated with a binder is of great importance, which depends mainly on the temperature and heating conditions of the dried material and the rate of vapor outflow of the evaporated solvent. In the case of drying the honeycomb block impregnated with the binder material with heated air, it is obvious that a certain amount of air must pass through each cell with a given temperature and speed.

In existing industries, where usually drying of honeycomb blocks after impregnation is carried out in furnaces equipped with ventilation (V.E. Bersudsky, V.N. Krysin, S.I. Lesnykh, Manufacturing technology of cellular aircraft structures. M: Mechanical Engineering, 1975, p. 92 , 93, 110), it is almost impossible to fulfill such conditions.

A periodic drum-type dryer is known, which contains two chambers interconnected and open on the other side, in the first of which a fan is located at the open end, a heater at the opposite end, and a rotary perforated drum is placed in the second chamber (author certificate SU No. 771424, CL F26B 9/06, 1980).

Closest to the claimed invention, the prototype is a drum-type drying apparatus, including a drum rotating around a horizontal axis, mounted coaxially inside the drive ring, fasteners, the drum being made in the form of two chambers, one of which has a rectangular cross-section from one end and is fixed cantilever on the drive ring with a bolted connection, on the other has a transition to a circular section, coaxial with the drive ring and ending with a flange for a movable labyrinth connection with an element s supply of air-dryer system, and on one of the inner walls of the chamber are supporting the guide; the second chamber, mounted movably on the guide consoles, bolted to the drive ring, has a rectangular section at one end and a contour flange with two equidistant sealing gaskets corresponding to the contour of the drying frame of the dried honeycomb and the end of the first chamber, from the other has a transition to a circular section, coaxial with the drive ring and ending with a flange under the movable labyrinth connection with the elements of the air-dryer system, as well as a platform moving along guide supporting the first chamber: a cart for transporting the second chamber for guiding consoles, hydraulic cylinder for moving the trolley.

On the contour flange of the second chamber, two locks are oppositely mounted, pressing the mounting frame with the dried honeycomb to the corresponding sealing gasket located on the contour flange and fixing it relative to the latter.

Four hinged bolts are fixed on the drive ring from the side of the second chamber, and the response ears with grooves underneath are externally respectively mounted on the walls of the second chamber, securing the first chamber to the corresponding sealing gasket located on the contour flange of the second chamber and fixing one chamber relative to the second.

On two opposite walls inside the first chamber, mainly in the center, catcher-fixers are installed in the form of grooves closed on the side of the first chamber and beveled at an angle of ≤30 ° from the side of the second chamber.

The drive ring has an adjustable drive, including a pinion gear, a gearbox, a clutch, a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic station with control and regulation equipment, and in the air-dryer supply system there is a switching valve, which is driven by a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic station with control and regulation equipment (RU 2215956 C2 7 F26B 11/04, 2001).

Analysis of a batch-type drum dryer (SU No. 771424) shows that drying of bulk materials takes place when fundamental decisions are aimed at improving the contact conditions of bulk material with heated air by mixing the material to be dried, improving working conditions, mechanization, etc.

In the installation for drying a drum type (RU 2215956) when drying honeycomb soaked in a solution of a polymer binder, when each cell in the block is fixed, it has an incommensurate ratio of the cross section to its length along the axis and the shape, mainly in the form of a hexagon, uses a new drying technological scheme, namely, due to the rotation of the dried honeycomb block around an axis parallel to the cell axes and the change in the direction of the desiccant, uniform spreading of the polymer binder impregnation solution on the surface i eyki in its cross section. However, this installation does not ensure the identical conditions of the drying process throughout the entire volume of the honeycomb.

The objective of the invention is to provide an installation for drying a drum type, providing increased strength of the material of large-sized honeycomb blocks and the uniformity of their properties by maintaining the conditions of the drying process the same throughout the volume of the honeycomb, as well as improving working conditions for loading the honeycomb into the unit and unloading it from it and the ability to embed the installation in a mechanized production line.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the installation for drying a drum type, including a drum rotating around a horizontal axis, mounted coaxially with the drive ring on the frame, fasteners, a supply system for the drum and the reverse of the air dryer and its outflow, a mounting frame for the honeycomb and the rotation drive, according to the invention, the drum is made symmetrical in three dimensions and contains a camera and two symmetrically located bell, having at one end a rectangular shape for connection with the camera, on ug - round, with collectors located in them with guides that divide the live section of the bell into equal parts and form nozzles with an opening angle of ≤90 ° at the rectangular end of the bell, on which gratings of rectangular section with different hydraulic resistance are installed, decreasing from the center of the drum to its the periphery. The mounting frame for the honeycomb is installed in the camera. On two opposite sides of the chamber adjacent to the rectangular ends of the sockets, there are symmetrically located hinged upper and lower pivoting doors with stops for fixing the frame in the center of the drum, ears with grooves for hinged bolts, a shell that separates the chamber cavity from the external atmosphere.

With one round end of the bell, the drum is mounted coaxially by means of a flange connection on a drive ring mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation in the roller support, and at the round end of the second bell, an additional ring mounted, like the drive, is mounted coaxially on the frame with the possibility of rotation rotation in the roller support. The free ends of the drive and additional rings have movable labyrinth seals for connection with the elements of the supply system of the air dryer and its outflow into the drum. A sprocket is mounted on the drive ring by means of a flange to transmit rotation to the drum from the drive by means of a chain.

Inside the drum, between the sockets, guides can be installed to orient the mounting frame for the honeycomb block in the center of the chamber and rotary stops to hold it in the middle plane with the lower chamber door open.

The drum, symmetric in three dimensions, allows you to position the mounting frame with the honeycomb in it symmetrically with respect to its axis of rotation and maintain the identity of the conditions for supplying the air dryer when it is reversed to the surface of the honeycomb along the axis of the cells on one or the other side, as well as after suction cells on the back of the honeycomb.

The chamber, as part of the drum, for accommodating the mounting frame with the honeycomb during drying, has symmetrically located hinged upper and lower swing doors that allow loading and unloading of the mounting frame with the honeycomb from the drum from the bottom and top, depending on the requirements of the mechanized production line and contain elements for centering and supporting the mounting frame with the sotoblock.

Two symmetrically arranged bell on the sides of the chamber adjacent to the doors have a rectangular end in size, corresponding to the opposite surface of the honeycomb, on the other round, corresponding to the elements of the air dryer system in the drum, and contain guides for the air dryer from one end to the other, forming nozzles at the rectangular end of the socket with optimal parameters (opening angle ≤90 °), which end with gratings with different hydraulic resistance, which, according to Will pick hydraulic pressure of the air stream at the surface sotobloka, identical over its entire area blowing and thus ensure uniform air velocity - dryer through each cell sotobloka and remove it after the saturation vapor polymeric binder through the second socket and outflow-air dryer system.

Figure 1 schematically depicts the described installation.

Figure 2 - section aa in figure 1

Roller bearings 2 and 3 are mounted on the frame 1, on which the drive ring 4 and the additional ring 5 rotate. The rings are connected to the drum 6 by means of flanges 7 and 8 and a bolt joint 9.

An asterisk 10 is fixed to the drive ring 4 by means of a flange 11, by which rotation to the drive ring 4 is transmitted from the rotation drive 12 through a chain 13, which is constantly under the influence of the tensioner 14.

In the symmetrically arranged sockets 15 and 16 of the drum 6 are collectors, which are two frames, on the one side of a rectangular shape 17 and 18, on the other round, 19 and 20, respectively, between which there are rails 21, which are formed in cross section the same area of the channels B, for the passage of the air dryer.

Nozzles are formed on the rectangular side of the sockets 15 and 16 on the channels B, on which replaceable gratings 22 and 23 are installed of the same rectangular cross section with different hydraulic resistance, decreasing from the center of the drum 6 to its periphery, for example, due to a change in the living cross section of the grating.

On the inner end walls of the chamber of the drum 6 there are brackets 24 and 25 for fastening the guides 26 and 27 holding the mounting frame 28 with the honeycomb 29 in the center of the chamber of the drum 6 while loading them into the chamber of the drum 6, as well as rotary supports 30 and 31 that hold a mounting frame 28 with a honeycomb 29 from falling out of the drum chamber 6 with an open lower door 32 mounted on the drum chamber 6 by a hinge 33. The upper door 34 mounted on the opposite side of the drum chamber 6 by a hinge 35, has, like the bottom door 32, stops 36 and 37 for fixing the mounting frame 28 with the honeycomb 29 in the center of the drum chamber 6, as well as ears with slots 38 for hinged bolts 39, pivotally mounted on the drum chamber 6 and allowing nuts 40 to fix the position of the doors in the closed state, the shell 41, which separates the cavity of the chamber of the drum 6 from the external atmosphere.

In the roller bearings 2 and 3, the third upper roller 42 is rotatably mounted on a swing-out swing frame 43.

The supply system to the drum 6 and the reverse of the air dryer and its outflow includes: two movable labyrinth seals 44 and 45, air supply (suction) channels 46 and 47, a supply fan with an air heater 48, a suction fan 49, a switching valve 50 with a shutter 51 and actuator 52.

Traverse 53 is an element of the transport device, has the ability to connect rotatably with the mounting frame 28 and the honeycomb 29 and serves to move them from the bath with the impregnating solution into the chamber of the drum 6.

Work on the installation is as follows. The impregnated honeycomb block 29, fixed on the mounting frame 28, is lowered by means of the yoke 53 into the drum chamber 6 with the upper door 34 open and the lower door 32 closed with hinged bolts 39 and nuts 40. The mounting frame 28 with the honeycomb block 29 is lowered along the guides 26 and 27 until it stops 36 and 37, it is installed at the same time in the center of the chamber of the drum 6. Traverse 53 is disconnected from the mounting frame 28 with the honeycomb 29 and is removed from the cavity of the chamber of the drum 6 to the upper position. The upper door 34 is closed and locked using the hinged bolts 39 and nuts 40, the mounting frame 28 with sotoblock 29 is securely fixed between the stops 36 and 37 of the upper door 34 and the lower door 32.

The actuator 52 is turned on, which is connected to the shutter 51 and can transmit rotational movement to it inside the switching valve 50, the shutter 51 is installed in one of the extreme positions.

The drive 12 for rotating the drum 6, a fan with an air heater 48, a supply air dryer through a fan 48, a switching valve 50, for example, a channel 46, a drive ring 4, a bell 15, a honeycomb 29 mounted using a mounting frame 28 in the drum chamber 6 are turned on The air dryer passes through the cells of the honeycomb block 29 and enters the socket 16, an additional ring 5, channel 47, a switching valve 50, and a suction fan 49, which turns on simultaneously or earlier than the fan with the air heater 48.

The supply to the drum and the reverse of the air dryer to the surface of the dried honeycomb 29 is carried out automatically by the actuator 52, which moves the damper 51 to another extreme position by 90 °, after a period of time specified by the technological process.

After the drying process of the honeycomb 29, the drive 12, the fan with the air heater 48 and the suction fan 49 are turned off, the upper door 34 is opened, the beam 53 of the transport device is lowered into the chamber of the drum 6, connected to the mounting frame 28 and with it removed from the chamber of the drum 6, the cell 29 .

The process is then repeated.

Claims (2)

1. Installation for drying a drum type, including a drum rotating around a horizontal axis, mounted coaxially with the drive ring on the frame, fasteners, a supply system for the drum and the reverse of the air dryer and its outflow, a mounting frame for attaching a honeycomb unit and a rotation drive, characterized in that the drum is made symmetrical in three dimensions and contains a chamber and two symmetrically located sockets, having a rectangular shape at one end for connection to the camera, and a round one at the other, with collectors with guides that divide the live section of the bell into equal parts and form nozzles with an opening angle of ≤90 ° at the rectangular end of the bell, on which rectangular gratings with different hydraulic resistance are installed, decreasing from the center of the drum to its periphery, a mounting frame for the honeycomb, installed in the chamber on two opposite sides of the chamber adjacent to the rectangular ends of the sockets, having a symmetrically located hinged upper and lower pivoting doors with stops for fixing the frame in the center of the drum, ears with grooves for hinged bolts, a shell that separates the chamber cavity from the external atmosphere, with one round end of the socket, the drum is mounted coaxially with a flange connection on the drive ring mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation in the roller support , at the round end of the second bell, an additional ring is mounted coaxially with a flange connection, mounted, like the drive, on the frame with the possibility of rotation in the roller support, and the free ends of the drive additional rings are movable labyrinth seals for the connection with elements supply system into a drum drier air and outflow, wherein the drive ring by means of a flange coaxially fixed sprocket for transmitting rotation from the drum via a chain drive. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the drum between the sockets guides are installed to orient the mounting frame for the honeycomb block in the center of the chamber and pivot stops to hold it in the middle plane with the lower chamber door open.

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