RU2367138C1 - Device for chipping rolls of stalk fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for preparing rolls of stalk fodder for feeding through partial chipping, loosening and deformation of stalks. The device for chipping rolls of stalk fodder has a body, at the centre of which is attached a loading mouth. A disc is mounted below the mouth on a drive shaft, where the disc consists of a horizontal and an inclined segment. On the horizontal segment there are chipping elements, and on the inclined segment there are cleaner blades. When a roller is loaded, the disc gets into contact with the horizontal segment while between the inclined segment and the surface of the roller, free space is formed, through which fodder particles separated from the roll freely pass, through ventilation effect, from the centre of the rotor to its periphery. The said fodder particles are then thrown by blades away from the chipping device.

EFFECT: invention provides for stable operation of the chipping device and increase in carrying capacity of the device.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to choppers stalked feed formed in rolls.

Known chopper stalked feed, formed into rolls, containing an inclined hopper, at the bottom of which a window is made, knife elements are radially mounted on the periphery of the discs, the discs are mounted on the shaft and connected to the drive mechanism, the mechanism of rotation of the roll relative to its longitudinal axis.

Grinding is carried out by turning the roll and the roll crossing the window with knife elements (see AS USSR No. 1576031, Cl. A01F 29/00, 1986).

The disadvantages of this shredder include the need for orientation of the roll when loading it into an inclined hopper, maintenance of two drive mechanisms, high energy costs for rotating the roll.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and structural design is a feed chopper containing a housing, in the center of which a loading neck is fixed, the neck of the neck is formed by a disk with grinding elements and vanes mounted on a vertical shaft, a drive mechanism tangentially fixed to the body of the discharge hatch (see USSR AS No. 1618335, CL A01F 29/00 for 1988).

The disadvantages of this chopper of rolled feed include the low possibility of loose and partially crushed feed from the central zone of the disk to its periphery, even in the presence of a ventilation effect. This is explained by the fact that the roll, under its weight, is adjacent to the plane of the disk and prevents the release of loosened feed from the center of the disk to its periphery, which leads to a complete cessation of the process.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at ensuring the release of loosened and partially crushed feed from the central zone of the disk to its periphery, which is the main condition for increasing the processed feed mass per unit time.

This is achieved by the fact that in the grinder of rolls of stalked feed containing a housing, in the center of which a loading neck is fixed, the bottom of which is formed by a disk mounted on a vertical shaft with grinding elements and vanes, a drive mechanism tangentially fixed to the body of the discharge hatch, the disk is made in the form of a horizontal and inclined segments, while the grinding elements are fixed on the horizontal segment of the disk, and on the inclined segment the cleaning plates are fixed, the height of the discharge hatch in the building The mustache is made not less than the height of the differential segments of the disk.

According to the patent and scientific and technical literature, the claimed combination of essential features is unknown, which allows us to judge the compliance of the proposed technical solution with the level of the invention.

The technical result consists in the fact that the feed particles selected from the roll by grinding elements under the action of the ventilation effect created by the blades and combing plates freely pass to the periphery of the disk and enter the unloading hatch.

This is due to the fact that the roll hangs over the inclined segment of the disk, does not contact it, and free space is formed between the surface of the roll and the inclined segment of the disk through which feed particles freely pass from the center to its periphery.

Figure 1 shows a grinder rolls of stalked feed, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is the same, a top view (cover conditionally not shown).

The stalk feed roll shredder comprises a housing 1, a loading neck 2 is fixed in the center of the housing, the neck is partially recessed in the housing 1, the ring formed by the housing 1 and the outer surface of the mouth is closed by a cover 3. Below the loading neck 2, a disk consisting of horizontal 5 and inclined 6 segments. Grinding elements 7 (rippers) are fixed on the horizontal segment 5, and combing plates 8 are mounted on the inclined segment, the plates protrude beyond the disk to enhance the ventilation effect, it is necessary when unloading feed outside the housing 1. The shaft 4 is hollow for air to pass to the working surface of the disk and connected to the electric drive 9. The blades 10 are attached to the horizontal segment 5 of the disk, the protrusions 11 are fixed on the inner surface of the loading neck 2 with the formation of vertical channels. A hatch 12 with an unloading window 13 is tangentially fixed to the housing 1. The chopper is mounted on the frame 14.

The grinder rolls of stalked feed works as follows.

The roll to be processed is fed into the loading neck 2, between the protrusions 11, the lower surface of the roll is adjacent to the horizontal segment 5 of the disk, the drive 9 is turned on, the protrusions 11 keep the roll from turning. The orientation of the roll is optional. Grinding elements 7 (segments) fixed on a rotating disk are introduced into the lower surface of the roll, loosen it, subjected to partial grinding, plates 8 comb this feed layer. The sheared feed freely enters the gaps between the plates 8 and further under the action of the ventilation effect created by the blades 10 and the plates 8, through the window 13 of the discharge hatch 12 is thrown outside the chopper. The unimpeded passage of loosened and partially chopped feed from the center of the disk to its periphery is ensured by the fact that the roll hangs over the inclined segment 6 of the disk, does not adhere to its surface, while free space for the passage of feed is preserved during rotation of the disk. Air to ensure the ventilation effect enters through the hollow shaft 4 and the channels formed by the protrusions 11. During the operation of the roll grinder, the feed undergoes coarse, unsupported grinding, undergoes deformation, loosening, while maintaining the foliar composition of the feed.

Received after processing, the feed is sent to feeding, or in the mixer for enrichment with other types of feed, or on a walking platform. Thus, the implementation of the grinding disk with an inclined segment provides a free exit of partially chopped and loosened feed from the center of the disk to its periphery, while ensuring process stability and increasing the yield of processed feed per unit time.

Claims (2)

1. A chopper of rolls of stalked feed, comprising a housing, in the center of which a loading neck is fixed, the bottom of which is formed by a disk mounted on a vertical shaft with grinding elements and vanes, a drive mechanism tangentially fixed to the body of the discharge hatch, characterized in that the disk is made in the form of a horizontal and inclined segments, while the grinding elements are fixed to the horizontal segment of the disk, and the cleaning plates are fixed to the inclined segment. 2. The grinder rolls of stalked feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the discharge hatch in the housing is made not less than the height of the differential segments of the disk.

Images