RU2363131C1 - Checkrower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: seeding-machine contains frame, anvil wheels, sowing sections. To the frame of seeding-machine in central part by longitudinal axis of symmetry there are sequentially fixed clod-remover, rubberised compactor, optical sensor and tracker. Located at line of sections' valves of seeding-machine tracker corresponds vertical plate. From both sides of plates, which are parallel to longitudinal axis of symmetry of seeding-machine, there are located photoelectric cells. In tractor's cabin it is installed processor. Processor by means of electric circuit is connected to tracker, optical sensor and electromagnetic valves of sowing sections. Seeding-machine is also outfitted by complete set of additional equipment. Complete set includes two laser beacons, installed on field in the beginning and the end of field. Beacons are located at a distance from each other by length of run which is multiple to stride parametre of sowing. Beacons are installed at height of seeding-machine's tracker location.

EFFECT: reduced materials consumption of structure and increased traverse speed, increasing of seeds jack positioning accuracy on field by angles of square.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to nesting seeders.

Known square-nesting seeder SKNK-8, containing a frame, support wheels, sowing sections, a mechanism for unwinding a measuring wire with a coil. The sowing section includes a suspension mechanism, a coulter with a valve mechanism, a sowing unit, a support drive wheel and a chain drive. On both sides of the seeder frame, right and left knotters are mounted, each of which contains front and rear forks. Moreover, the front fork through the front shaft and the lever system is connected to the left opener valves, and the rear fork through the rear shaft and the lever system to the right. The seeder is also equipped with a measuring wire with thrust washers fixed on it rigidly, at a distance equal to twice the size of the nest. An additional set of the seeder includes tempering cocks installed on the field [1].

The disadvantage of this seeder is the large metal consumption, the complexity of the design with a large number of interacting links, low speed of movement of the sowing unit, the need to use measuring wire.

Known seeder containing a frame, support wheels, sowing sections and a metering mechanism. The metering mechanism of the seeder is made in the form of a coulter and a chamber in which a reel with a paper tape is installed, covering a part of the surface mounted above the reel and freely rotating on the axis of the disk with a rubberized rim. On the disk, a marking needle and a contact block interacting with the fixedly mounted contacts of the valve electromagnets are radially fixed [2].

The disadvantage of this seeder is the need for paper tape, large metal consumption and low speed of movement of the sowing unit.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the accuracy of placement of seed nests in the field at the corners of squares, increase the speed of movement of the sowing unit and reduce the metal consumption of the seeder design.

This object is achieved by the fact that to the frame of the seeder in the central part along the longitudinal axis of symmetry, a litter, a rubberized roller, an optical sensor and a tracking device are mounted sequentially on the valve line of the seeder sections and are a vertical plate, on both sides of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry seeders, photocells are located, and a processor is installed in the tractor cabin, which is connected via electrical circuits to a tracking device, an optical sensor and an electric ktromagnitnymi valves sowing sections, wherein the auxiliary equipment includes two sowing laser beacon installed at the beginning and end of the field, at a distance from each other along the length of estrus, multiples seeding step, the laser is set at a height beacons tracking device placement.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a square-nest seeder, a top view, figure 2 is a functional diagram of the formation of nests, figure 3 is a sowing diagram.

The square-nesting seeder contains (Fig. 1) a frame 1, support wheels 2, sowing sections 3, including a linkage mechanism 4, a coulter 5 with an electromagnetic valve 6, a seed meter 7, a support-drive wheel 8 and a chain transmission 9. To the central part the frame 1 along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the seeder, a litter 10, a rubberized roller 11, an optical sensor 12 and a tracking device 13 are sequentially mounted. The tracking device 13 is a vertical plate on which opposite photocells are located. Moreover, these sides are parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the seeder. Tracking device 13 is located on the valve line of the drill sections. At the same time, a processor (not shown) is installed in the tractor cabin, which is connected via electrical circuits 14 to a tracking device 13 (Fig. 2), an optical sensor 12, and electromagnetic valves 6 of the sowing sections 3. Two additional laser devices are also included in the set of additional equipment for the seeder beacon (figure 3), which are installed at the beginning and end of the field, at a distance from each other along the headland, a multiple of the sowing step. In this case, laser beacons are installed at the height of the tracking device.

The seeder works as follows.

Before sowing, at the beginning and at the end of the field rut, laser beacons are installed (Fig. 3), generating laser beams, the lines of action of which are perpendicular to the direction of movement of the seeder and parallel to the soil surface. The distance between the beacons along the headland L is a multiple of the sowing step t, that is, L = n · t, where n is the number of sowing steps.

During the movement of the seeder across the field, with the rotation of the support-drive wheels 8 of the sowing section 3, each sowing device 7 is driven into rotation by a chain gear 9 and feeds the coulter 5 seeds to the electromagnetic valve 6.

At the beginning of the first rut, when the seeder crosses the line of action of the laser beam of the beacon, the laser beam acts on the photocell of the tracking device 13 of the seeder (figure 2). Since the tracking device 13 is located at the same level in height as the laser beacon. In this case, an electrical signal is generated, which is supplied via an electric circuit 14 to a processor (not shown) installed in the tractor cabin. The processor activates an optical sensor 12, the housing of which, during the movement of the seeder, slides over the surface of the soil. The optical sensor 12 begins to detect the movement of the drill. Moreover, the reference point for the optical sensor 12 is the line of action of the laser beam of the beacon. During the movement of the seeder, the litter 10 and the rubberized roller 11 clear, level and compact the soil in front of the optical sensor 12, which makes it possible to reduce the error in measuring the path. The results of measuring the movement of the seeder throughout the entire time of movement of the optical sensor 12 transmits to the processor through an electrical circuit.

When the seeder is moved to the distance of the specified sowing step t, the processor sends a signal to the electromagnetic valves 6 of the coulters 5 of all sowing sections 3 of the seeder. Solenoid valves 6 open and portions of seeds are thrown into the furrows made by the coulters 5 and form nests on the same transverse line. At the end of the first rut, when the laser beam crosses, the tracking device 13 provides a signal to the processor, which turns off the optical sensor 12.

Next, the seeder makes a technological turn and begins to move in the opposite direction along the second run. In this case, the inclusion of the optical sensor 12 and the further work of the seeder occurs according to the scheme described previously. The cycle repeats. Due to this, the nests are located throughout the field on one transverse line, which ensures square-nesting seeding.

Information sources

1. Eight-row corn seeder SKNK-8. Instructions for care and maintenance. Kirovograd, 1964, p.25-30.

2. AS of the USSR No. 103502, class АСС 7/18, 1956. - prototype.

Claims (1)

A square-nested seeder containing a frame, support wheels, sowing sections, characterized in that to the seeder frame in the central part along the longitudinal axis of symmetry, a litter, a rubberized roller, an optical sensor and a tracking device located on the line of the valve sections of the seeder and representing a vertical plate, on both sides of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the seeder, photocells are located, while a processor is installed in the tractor cabin, which, through electrical circuits the first is connected to a tracking device, an optical sensor and electromagnetic valves of the sowing sections, and the set of additional seeder equipment includes two laser beacons installed at the beginning and end of the field, at a distance from each other along the headland, a multiple of the sowing step, while the laser beacons are installed at the height of the tracking device.

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