RU2361386C1 - Self-propelled track-type fodder-harvesting combine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention elates to agricultural engineering, mainly to self-propelled track-type fodder-harvesting combines. Combine contains replaceable adapter, feeding and grinding devices with feeding rollers and shredding drum, silage duct and cabin installed on platform. On combine there are located bin-storage, caterpillar mover and motor installation. Bin-storage is pivotally supported by front element on frame, and by back element - on two hydraulic actuators. In bottom part of feed unit case under the first and second bottom feeding rollers with ribbed surface it is located unloading port. The second bottom feeding roller allows bidirectional drive mechanism, and the first - is spring in the direction to the second bottom feeding roller. In unloading port of feed unit case there are installed link rails, which simultaneously serve cutoff plate of the first and the second bottom feeding rollers. Combine provides not only qualitative removing of grass for silage, but storing up grass for hay or haylage.

EFFECT: development of combine, which provides not only qualitative removing of grass for silage, but storing up grass for hay or haylage.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The harvester belongs to agricultural engineering, mainly to self-propelled tracked forage harvesters.

Known self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester according to patent No. 2095962, which consists of a removable adapter, caterpillar mover, feed-grinding apparatus with a silo conduit, a motor unit located under the storage hopper.

The main disadvantage of this combine is that, along with harvesting the silage, when the grass mass is crushed and fed to the storage hopper or a nearby vehicle, it cannot be used when harvesting grass for hay or hay, as the mowed grass, passing through the feed rollers, enters the grinding drum.

Also known is a self-propelled forage harvester according to the author's certificate (a.s.) No. 1681761, in which the feed-grinding apparatus is mounted on the chassis frame pivotally with the possibility of rotation about an axis parallel to the axes of the rollers, and has a device for moving it from a lower position to an upper one, as well as a means for fixing the apparatus in one of these positions, additionally allows another technological process - the preparation of grass for hay.

It is known that a progressive method of harvesting grass for hay is mowing the grass with flattening its stems in order to accelerate drying and better preserve nutrients.

However, a self-propelled forage harvester for AS No. 1681761 when harvesting grass for hay does not crush its stems.

Also known self-propelled forage harvester for AS No. 1091876, which includes sequentially mounted header, feed conveyor, upper and lower feed rollers, chopper and discharge conveyor, while the machine is equipped with a flatting roller installed under the lower feed roller and spring-loaded in the direction of the latter, and the feed conveyor is rotatable relative to its lower shaft moreover, the drive of the lower feed roller is made reversible.

The main disadvantage of a self-propelled forage harvester as.with. No. 1091876 is the low productivity and insufficient quality of grinding the grass mass, as well as the flattening of the grass stems due to the small width of the reaper (2.6 m) and the imperfect design of the feeder (only two feed rollers).

In addition, a self-propelled forage harvester according to AS No. 1091876 cannot be used in swampy or floodplain meadows due to the presence of a wheel drive.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the functionality of the self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester due to the implementation of an additional process - harvesting grass for hay or hay.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the lower part of the housing of the feeding apparatus, under the first and second lower feeding rollers having a ribbed surface, an unloading window is made, while the second lower feeding roller has a reverse drive mechanism, and the first is spring-loaded in the direction of the second lower feeding roller. In the unloading window of the casing of the feeding apparatus, transverse guides are installed, which simultaneously serve as cut-offs of the first and second lower supply rollers.

Thus, the inventive self-propelled tracked forage harvester meets the criterion of "novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype in other technical solutions in this area are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive self-propelled tracked forage harvester meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Figure 1 schematically shows a self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester, a position for harvesting grass on a silo; figure 2 is the same position for harvesting grass for hay or hay; figure 3 - feeding apparatus of the harvester, the position for harvesting grass on a silo; figure 4 - drive the lower feed rolls, the position for harvesting grass on a silo; figure 5 - feeding apparatus of the harvester, the position for harvesting grass for hay or haylage with crushing its stems; Fig.6 - drive the lower feed rollers, the position for harvesting grass for hay or haylage with crushing its stems.

The self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester consists of a removable adapter 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), feeding 2 and grinding 3 devices with feed rollers and a grinding drum 4, silo 5, caterpillar mover 6, motor unit 7, storage hopper 8, articulated leaning on the front part of the frame 9, and the back - on two hydraulic cylinders 10, cab 11, installed on the site 12.

The feeding apparatus 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) consists of a housing 13 (Fig. 3, Fig. 5) with sidewalls 14, in which the feeding rollers are mounted: top 15; first lower 16; second lower 17; smooth 18 and rear upper 19.

Inside the housing 13, under the first 16 and second 17 lower feed rollers, an unloading window 20 is formed, formed by the sides 14 of the housing 13 and the transverse guides 21 and 22, which simultaneously serve as cut-offs of the first 16 and second 17 lower feed rollers.

The first 16 and second 17 lower feed rollers (FIG. 4, FIG. 6) are driven by sprockets 23 and 24 in chain rotation 25 from sprocket 26 of smooth 18 feed rollers.

The tension of the chain 25 is carried out using the tension sprocket 27.

Changing the direction of rotation (reverse) of the second 17 lower feed roller is carried out by rearranging the chain 25 on the sprockets 24 and 27.

The self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester can operate in two modes: feeding grass mass directly to the chopping drum (silage harvesting) and laying flattened mowed grass in a swath on the ground (grass harvesting for hay or hay).

In the first case (Fig. 3), the beveled mass from the header 1 (Fig. 1) enters between the upper 15 (Fig. 3) and the first lower 16, then between the rear upper 19 and the smooth 18 feed rollers to the grinding drum 4 (Fig. 1), then through the silo 5 to the storage hopper 8.

In this case, the second lower 17 (Fig.3) feed roller should rotate clockwise (when viewed from the left).

This is achieved by the position of the chain 25 (figure 4) on the sprockets 24 and 27.

In the second case (Fig. 2), the beveled mass from the header 1 enters between the upper 15 (Fig. 5) and the first lower 16, then between the first lower 16 and the second lower 17 feed rollers, is flattened and sent to the unloading window 20.

On the transverse guides 21 and 22 (FIG. 5), the beveled and flattened mass is laid in a roll on the ground between the tracks of the mover 6 (FIG. 2) of the combine.

In this case, the second lower 17 feed roller (Fig. 5) must rotate counterclockwise (when viewed from the left).

This is achieved by the position of the chain 25 (Fig.6) on the sprockets 24 and 27.

Using the proposed self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester allows not only qualitatively harvesting grass for silage, especially in swampy or floodplain meadows, but also using it under the same conditions for harvesting grass for hay or hay.

Claims (2)

1. Self-propelled caterpillar forage harvester containing a removable adapter, feeding and grinding apparatus with feeding rollers and grinding drum, silo conduit, caterpillar mover, motor unit, storage hopper, articulated with the front on the frame and the rear on two hydraulic cylinders, the cab, installed on the site, characterized in that in the lower part of the housing of the feeding apparatus under the first and second lower rollers having a ribbed surface, a window is made, while the second lower feeding roller has a fur anism of the reverse drive, and the first is spring-loaded in the direction of the second lower feed roll. 2. The self-propelled tracked forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that transverse guides are installed in the discharge window of the casing of the feeding apparatus, which simultaneously serve as cut-offs of the first and second lower feed rollers.

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