RU2360195C1 - Drying and separation plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motors and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: drying and separation chamber contains vertical and horizontal swirlers, vertical charging pipe coupled with a feeder and located in the centre of drying chamber over swirler. The said pipe is capped in the upper part and provided with a cone swirler at its outlet. Sizing screen for coarse fractions is available in the lower part of the drying chamber. Air separators are provided with rack-shaped sizing screens, while finished products tanks are ensured with adjustable valves to intake atmospheric air.

EFFECT: improved stability and efficiency of drying, separation and classification processes or enriching damp polydisperse mineral raw material without any limitation by size; reduced temperature of dried material.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for drying, classification, enrichment of various types of mineral raw materials and can be used in construction, mining, processing and other industries.

Known vortex classifier of powder materials, including a cylindrical straight-through vortex chamber with input channels of powder material and output channels of a large fraction, a swirling apparatus with input channels of powder material and output channels of a large fraction, a swirler. (Pat. RF №2189282, publ. September 20, 2002)

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the classifier has low productivity and is used only for the classification of dry material, drying is not provided.

Known pneumatic dryer of dispersed materials, containing a hopper of wet material with a screw feeder, a drying chamber in the form of a pneumatic tube connected to a cyclone, an unloading device, a heater, at the input of which a mixing chamber is installed, a fan. (Pat. RF №2306507, publ. September 20, 2007)

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the low productivity, the impossibility of simultaneous drying and classification of polydisperse materials containing large inclusions, as well as the high temperature of the dried material in the bins.

The closest technical solution chosen for the prototype is a grinding and separation unit, including a vortex grinding and drying chamber with a feeder, a movable cone that controls the separation class, a heat generator, an air distributor, a smoke exhaust system and an aspiration system containing 2-4 dust deposition stages. (Pat. RF №2194577, publ. 12/20/2002)

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the restriction of the processed material by size, since if there are stony inclusions in the raw material more than 15 mm they are not removed from the drying chamber and accumulate in it during operation, which leads to blockages that reduce the stability of the installation and productivity of the installation, a rough classification and high temperature of the finished product in the hoppers of the suction system.

The problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to increase the stability and productivity of the drying process, separation, classification or enrichment of wet polydisperse mineral raw materials without limiting its size, lowering the temperature of the dried material.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the inventive drying and separation unit, comprising a vertical vortex drying chamber with a feeder for feedstock, a heat generator, smoke exhaust system of air separators and bins of finished products, the drying chamber of the vortex dryer additionally contains vertical and horizontal swirlers, a vertical loading a pipe connected to the feeder, located in the center of the drying chamber above the swirlers, plugged in the upper part, with a cone distributor rial outlet; In the lower part of the drying chamber, a classifier for removing coarse fractions is placed below the swirls, and the air separators are equipped with zigzag shelf classifiers through which atmospheric air is sucked in to cool the dried material and more accurately classify it according to the hoppers of the suction system.

Preferably, the classifier for removing coarse fractions from the dryer is made in the form of a zigzag broken pipe.

Preferably, the air separators are equipped with shelf classifiers.

Preferably, the bins of the finished product are equipped with adjustable valves for cooling and classification of the dried material with atmospheric air that enters them due to the vacuum created in the bunkers of the exhaust fan.

The claimed technical solution in relation to the prototype has the following significant differences:

- the installation additionally contains vertical and horizontal swirlers;

- the installation further comprises a vertical loading pipe connected to the feeder and located in the center of the drying chamber;

- the loading pipe is plugged in the upper part and has a conical material distributor at the outlet;

- in the lower part of the drying chamber below the swirlers a classifier is placed to remove a large fraction;

- air separators are equipped with classifiers.

The problem is solved due to the combination of significant differences of the claimed technical solution and their relationship.

The analysis of the prior art, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information, made it possible to establish that technical solutions characterized by features identical to all the essential features claimed with the achievement of the same results were not found, which made it possible to conclude that its criteria are “novelty” "And" inventive step ".

The drawing shows a diagram of a drying separation plant.

The drying and separation unit contains a vertical vortex drying chamber 1 with a feeder 2 for dosed supply of feedstock, a heat generator 3, a smoke exhauster 12 and a system of air separators 4 mounted on the bins of the finished product 5, equipped with adjustable valves 13 for cooling and classification of the dried material with atmospheric air, falling into them due to the vacuum created in the bunkers 5 of the exhaust fan 12. The drying chamber of the vortex dryer additionally contains vertical 6 and horizontal 7 swirlers, p the coolant flow through which is regulated by the gate 15, the vertical loading pipe 8, connected with the feeder 2, located in the center of the drying chamber above the swirls 6 and 7, muffled in the upper part, with a conical material distributor 9 at the outlet. At the bottom of the drying chamber there is a classifier 10 for removing a coarse fraction, preferably of the zigzag type. The air separators 4 are equipped with classifiers 11, preferably shelf-type, such as a zigzag.

Drying and separation unit operates as follows.

Wet polydisperse material is dosed by the feeder 2 and fed by it into the loading pipe 8, from which, thanks to the cone distributor 9, the material is evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the drying chamber 1. The material is dried in a vortex stream created by vertical 6 and horizontal 7 swirlers of hot air entering the drying chamber from the heat generator due to the operation of the smoke exhauster 12. In the drying chamber, the material is in a suspended state, with each particle moving separately from the others, which when Odita to blowouts material particles from all directions, the entrainment of water molecules (to overcome the surface tension forces) with a cost lower than a conventional dryer. The specific heat consumption in such installations is 2800-3000 kJ per kg of evaporated moisture with a theoretically necessary (molar enthalpy of evaporation) of 2259 kJ / kg of moisture. With this nature of heat and mass transfer, the particles of the material are dried in 0.3-0.5 seconds, which leads to a high moisture intensity of the dryer, reaching 1000 kg / m ³ · hour. Stony large particles of polydisperse material are lowered into the funnel of the drying chamber and removed through the classifier 10 into the receiving hopper 5. To prevent spillage of small material into the receiving hopper, as well as to organize the separation of particles by size through the adjustable valve 13, atmospheric air is sucked in, the flow rate of which determines its speed movements in the zigzag classifier, and therefore the boundary size of the particles carried into the dryer. The dried material, from which large stony inclusions are removed, is sent by pneumatic conveying through the drying pipe to the suction system, where it is classified on shelf classifiers 11 of inertial separators 4. Blowing particles with atmospheric air entering through adjustable valves 13 cut into the hoppers of the suction system 5 allows not only to carry out the separation of particles by size into narrow classes (classification), but also to cool the material, which creates the possibility of locks from the hoppers of the aspiration system 5 With your feeders 16, load the finished product into plastic bags. The ultrafine particles of the dried material are captured by a highly efficient cyclone or bag filter 14 installed in front of the exhaust fan.

Compared with the prototype of the inventive drying and separation unit allows you to effectively dry and classify polydisperse materials, has a higher productivity, stability, easy to maintain, can be widely used in various industries.

Claims (4)

1. Drying and separation installation, including a vertical vortex drying chamber with a feeder for feedstock, a heat generator, a smoke exhauster, a system of air separators and bins of finished products, characterized in that it additionally contains vertical and horizontal swirls, a vertical loading pipe connected to the feeder, located in the center of the drying chamber above the swirls, damped in the upper part, with a conical distributor at the outlet; in the lower part of the drying chamber below the swirlers there is a classifier for removing coarse fractions; air separators are additionally equipped with classifiers. 2. The drying and separation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the classifier for removing coarse fractions is made in the form of a broken pipe of the zigzag type. 3. The drying and separation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the air separators are equipped with shelf classifiers. 4. The drying and separation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the bins of the finished product are equipped with adjustable valves for cooling and classification of the dried material with atmospheric air entering them due to the vacuum created by the smoke exhauster.