RU2360067C1 - Installation for preparation of snow mass for melting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: installation for preparation of snow mass for melting comprises receiving hopper with movable grate made of horizontal drive shafts. Shafts installed parallel to direction of hopper loading are arranged with hummers rigidly fixed on them and installed pairwise with creation of blocks. One shaft via elastic coupling is connected with motor-reducer, and the other shaft is connected with it by gears installed inside transfer case arranged in one-piece body from the other end of shafts. Frame common for every block in its lower part is arranged in the form of pipe with ribs that create seats with double-sided wedge surfaces and installed in prismatic grooves common for the whole installation of two beams, and also every block is installed with the possibility of vertical displacement.

EFFECT: increased reliability and durability during operation of installation, increased throughput capacity of movable grate.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of cleaning roads from snow mass and ice, and more specifically to devices for melting snow and ice removed from road surfaces.

Known snow melting installation containing a receiving hopper with a fixed and movable grill mounted above the melting chamber (ed. Certificate. USSR No. 1231105, Е01Н 5/10, decl. 19.02.85, publ. 05.15.86).

A movable grate is mounted under the hopper on shock absorbers with the possibility of oscillations in the horizontal plane and is connected with spikes to a fixed grating located under it with external dimensions of the cells into which the spikes are missing, which are twice the size of the cells of the movable grating.

Partial crushing of ice occurs as a result of the interactions of the movable and fixed lattices in the gap between them. Large pieces of ice and snow lingering on the fixed grid are continuously exposed to the spikes oscillating together with the lattice, as a result of which they are also crushed and fall through large cells of the fixed lattice to the movable lattice, where they are further crushed.

A disadvantage of the known design of the snow melting installation is that it does not have a high throughput, especially required during heavy snowfalls, since crushing compacted snow and large pieces of ice with spikes oscillating together with the moving grate is not a sufficiently efficient process.

In this case, household garbage from the grate must be removed manually or with additional devices, which entails loss of time for processing lots of snow and ice.

Of the known installations for preparing snow mass for melting, the closest in technical essence is the installation containing the receiving hopper with a movable grill mounted above the melting chamber (patent for invention No. 2224850, ЕНН 5/10, claimed. 02.27.2002, publ. 08/05/2004).

The movable grate is made of horizontal horizontal drive shafts mounted perpendicular to the hopper loading direction with disks rigidly fixed uniformly along the length of the shaft, between each pair of which hammers are fixed to form a helix relative to the shaft, while the hammers of one shaft are staggered relative to the hammers of the other shaft, and the shafts have a group reversible electric drive for their rotation.

The shafts are mounted relative to each other at a distance providing a partial arrangement of the hammers of one shaft between the disks of the adjacent shaft. The whole installation has two group reversible electric drives with six shafts each.

In this case, one of the six shafts on the side of the transmission gears installed at their ends is directly connected to the electric drive through the spindle device. Transmission gears on the one hand, and bearings on the other hand are enclosed in split housings, the bases of which are made integrally with a frame common to each section.

Such a design, during operation, especially during heavy snowfalls, when the probability of ingestion of non-fragmentable fragments slightly exceeding the size of the gaps between the disks and adjacent shafts increases, leads to their jam and, consequently, to frequent stops and loss of time for their removal.

Also, due to the increasing loads, frequent stops and restarts of group drives occur.

The technical result of the present invention is the creation of an installation that improves its reliability and durability during operation, as well as significantly increase the throughput of the movable grating.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for preparing snow mass for melting, containing a receiving hopper with a movable grill mounted above the melting chamber, according to the invention, the movable grill is made of horizontal drive shafts with hammers installed parallel to the hopper loading direction, the structural design of which provides them rigid fastening on the shafts without the help of discs, moreover, the hammers form a helix relative to the shaft, and the shafts themselves form strictly pairwise unit with electric drive group reversing their rotation. In this case, each block of shafts is mounted on a support frame made in its lower part in the form of a pipe with ribs forming nests with bilateral wedge surfaces and placed in the prismatic grooves of two beams common to the whole installation, located in the snow melting chamber, and each of the blocks is installed with the possibility of vertical movement with constant connection with group reversible electric drives with their non-stop rotation.

Such a constructive implementation of the installation for preparing snow mass for melting can increase throughput due to the continuous crushing and mixing of the snow-ice mass by means of rotating shafts, only with hammers, into fragments falling between the rotating shafts and entering directly into the snow-alloy chamber. In addition, the presence of wedge surfaces in the lower part of the frame of each shaft block makes it possible to increase, when the load on the shafts increases, or if fragmented fragments, the dimensions of which slightly exceed the distance between the shafts of two adjacent blocks rotating towards each other, increase during heavy snowfall dimensions between the shafts of these blocks, i.e. each block frame has the ability to linearly move upwards, as if “skipping” this fragment “for oneself”, or in the case of “backing up” snow mass from below, while the electric drive does not turn off, the shafts continue to rotate in operating mode, which undoubtedly helps to speed up the screening process at the end of which the remaining household garbage is rotated in one direction by the rotation of the shafts and dumped from the grate.

An example implementation of the invention is shown in figure 1 ... 6, where:

figure 1 shows a General view of the installation;

figure 2 is a top view of the installation;

figure 3 is a section aa of figure 1;

figure 4 is a section bB of figure 1;

figure 5 - a); b) c) - a diagram of the operation of blocks with additional loads from below or in the case of falling single fragmentary fragments between the shafts, without stopping their rotation;

figure 6 is a kinematic diagram of a block of shafts.

Installation for preparing snow mass for melting consists of a hopper 1 for receiving ice and snow removed from the road surface with snow with a movable grill, mounted above the melting chamber 2.

The movable lattice is made of horizontal drive shafts 3 with hammers 4 rigidly fixed uniformly along the length of the shaft, forming a helical line relative to the shaft 3.

Every two shafts 3 form a block having a group reversible electric drive 5, one of the two shafts of each block is directly connected through a clutch 6, located on the side of the bearing housing 7 at the end of this shaft, with an electric drive (gear motor), and the second shaft is connected with the first by means of transmission gears 8 enclosed in a transfer case 9 common to these two shafts, providing the same speed of rotation of the shafts in the block.

The entire installation in a specific example has six blocks of two shafts in each and, accordingly, six electric drives.

All blocks of shafts 3 are rigidly fixed to individual frames 10 for each block, each made in its lower part in the form of a pipe with ribs 11 forming nests with bilateral wedge surfaces. The frame is located in the prismatic grooves of 2 beams 12 located in the snow melting chamber 2.

Installation works as follows.

Snow and ice falls on the rotating shafts of 3 blocks of the movable grate. Rotating shafts 3 with hammers 4 crush ice and snow into fragments falling into the gap between the rotating shafts of the blocks.

For better mixing, it is possible to reverse the direction of rotation of the shafts 3 in the blocks. Depending on the location of snow and ice on the grate, all the shafts 3 in the blocks can rotate in one direction or one group of blocks can rotate the shafts in the opposite direction relative to the other group. In the case of single fragments, the dimensions of which slightly exceed the dimensions of the gaps between the shafts, as well as in the case of accumulation of snow-ice mass that does not have time to melt under the shafts, i.e. with increasing loads on the hammers of the shafts, which is especially characteristic during heavy snowfalls, each block of shafts has the ability to move vertically with respect to neighboring blocks without stopping the rotation of the shafts, which accelerates and improves the screening process.

In addition, when a snow-ice mass enters the melting chamber, the water level in it naturally rises, and it enters the ballast tube of the frame of each block, which increases the vertical stability of each block, and therefore ensures the stability and reliability of the snow melting installation.

After sifting all snow and ice by rotating the shafts 3 with hammers 4 blocks in one direction, the remaining garbage is moved to the place of unloading.

Next, the cycle repeats.

Thus, the proposed installation for preparing snow mass for melting, in comparison with the known ones, has higher operational maneuverability, reliability and durability, allows to increase throughput and improve the processes of mixing and sifting of snow-ice mass due to the fact that the shafts are parallel to the loading direction bins, made with hammers rigidly fixed to them without disks, are installed in pairs with the formation of blocks in which one shaft is connected through an elastic coupling to the motor-red the rotor, and the transmission of rotation to the other shaft is carried out by gears located inside the transfer case, made in an integral housing from the other end of the shafts, while the frame common to each block in its lower part is made in the form of a pipe with ribs forming nests with bilateral wedge surfaces and placed in the prismatic grooves common for the entire installation of two beams, as well as each of the blocks is installed with the possibility of vertical movement with constant connection with group reversible electric drives and non-stop rotation thereof.

Claims (1)

Installation for preparing snow mass for melting, containing a receiving hopper mounted above the melting chamber with a movable grate made of horizontal drive shafts, characterized in that the shafts are parallel to the hopper loading direction and equipped with hammers rigidly fixed to them, and also installed in pairs with the formation of blocks in which one shaft through an elastic coupling is connected to the gear motor, and the other shaft is connected to it by gears located inside the transfer case, made in one-piece housing from the other end of the shafts, while the common frame for each block in its lower part is made in the form of a pipe with ribs forming nests with bilateral wedge surfaces and placed in prismatic grooves common for the entire installation of two beams, and each of the blocks is mounted with the possibility of vertical displacement.

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