RU2358833C1 - Slide shutter of foundry ladle and device of carriage transfer of slide shutter into service position - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: slide shutter contains mounting frame and carriage with mechanism of its transferring. In mounting frame and carriage there are installed immovable and movable fireproof plates, pressed to each other by means of two double-arm levers of the first labor and interacting with them spring cartridge, outpressing first lever arms from each other. Location on second lever arms of reference elements, interacting to movable fireproof plate by means of equalising bars, installed on mounting frame, provides required press force area of fireproof plates to each other. Implementation of spring cartridge in the form of shaft guide with set of disc springs and two end elements, pivotally connected to first lever arms, provides press uniformity of fireproof plates. It is implemented articulation of mounting frame and carriage in the form of two pivot bolts on carriage and retaliatory sockets with cross-section of variable profile and width, less than pivot bolts diametres on mounting frame.

EFFECT: simplicity and reliability of carriage transferring into service position.

3 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to the design and structural elements of slide gates of foundry and steel pouring ladles, intended for regulating (dosing) casting of liquid metals and alloys.

Known slide gate of a casting ladle containing a mounting frame, a carriage with a mechanism for moving it, a fixed and movable refractory plate with holes installed respectively in the mounting plate and carriage and pressed one against the other by means of spring blocks and support rollers, the axes of which are fixed to the balancers [Description inventions to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2119406 dated 12/10/1997, IPC ⁶ B22D 41/22, publ. 09/27/1998]. In the slide gate, uniform distribution of the force of pressing the refractory plates to each other is ensured.

A slide gate of a casting bucket solves a similar problem, containing a mounting plate, frame pivotally connected to the mounting plate, carriage, fixed and movable refractory plates installed respectively in the mounting plate and carriage, and elastically pressed against each other by means of spring blocks installed in the traverses, each of which it has a pair of support rollers [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 21477971 of 01.25.1999, IPC ⁷ B22D 41/22, publ. 04/27/2000].

In approximately the same way, a slide gate is arranged containing a mounting frame, a movable carriage, a fixed and movable refractory plate with holes installed respectively in the mounting frame and the carriage and pressed one against the other by spring blocks placed in balancers equipped with two pairs of support rollers [Description inventions to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2170641 dated 01/10/2000, IPC ⁷ B22D 41/22, publ. 07/20/2001].

A common drawback of the listed gate valves is that during operation the spring elements on the balancers (traverses) lose their elastic properties, which requires additional complex adjustments of each spring unit to ensure the declared uniformity of the distribution of the force of pressing the refractory plates to each other.

The drawback of the casting ladle is deprived of this drawback, it contains a mounting frame, a carriage with a mechanism for moving it, provided with guides, a fixed and movable refractory plate with holes located respectively in the mounting frame and carriage and pressed one against the other, a spring block, two two-arm levers of the first kind located on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter, the first shoulders of which are pressed away from each other by a single spring unit, and supporting elements mounted on symmetrical axes are placed on the second shoulders about the longitudinal axis of the shutter with the possibility of interaction with the guides of the carriage [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2256531 of 03/10/2004, IPC ⁷ B22D 41/22, publ. July 20, 2005]. As a result, serviceability and uniformity of the distribution of the force of pressing the refractory plates to each other over their surface are increased, which increases the overall reliability of the shutter.

Nevertheless, such a rational arrangement is applicable only to small-sized slide gates for small-capacity buckets (up to 50 tons) and cannot be used on large-sized gates for large-capacity buckets, for example 160 or more tons, since the fireproof plates are preloaded only at two points lying in the plane passing through the axis of the hole of the fixed refractory plate.

The problem to be solved by the first invention of the group and the technical result achieved are to create the next layout of the slide gate of the casting ladle, which provides the necessary and uniform force for compressing the refractory plates, which makes it possible to use it, including on shutters for ladles of medium and large capacity. This also increases the reliability of the slide gate, increases the durability of its elements and assemblies, provides the possibility of affordable control of the working force of the spring elements when using melting (two or more heats) refractory plates.

To solve the problem and ensure the claimed technical result in the well-known slide gate of the casting ladle containing the mounting frame, a carriage with a mechanism for moving it, a device for translating into the service position and guides parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shutter, fixed and movable fireproof plates with working holes, respectively in the mounting frame and carriage and drawn one against the other by two two-arm levers of the first kind, located on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter RA, and a spring unit interacting with them with a mechanism for adjusting the compression force, springs, while the axis of rotation of the two-arm levers of the first kind, made in the form of shafts, are mounted in the rotation supports on the mounting frame parallel to both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter, the first shoulders of the two-arm levers of the first kind are pressed away from each other by a spring block, on the second shoulders of two-arm levers of the first kind are placed supporting elements mounted on shafts on both sides of the axis of the opening of the fixed refractory plate symmetrically the main axis of the shutter with the ability to interact with a movable refractory plate, the supporting elements of two shoulders levers have the ability to interact with a movable refractory plate by means of balancers mounted on the mounting frame with the ability to swing in planes perpendicular to the plane of the connector of the refractory plates, and translational movement along the axis of the working hole of the stationary refractory plates, the spring block is made in the form of a guide shaft with a set of Belleville springs and two end elements, I interact two shoulders levers hinged with extreme springs of the set and pivotally connected to the first shoulders, one of the end elements being made in the form of a sleeve with an opening for accommodating a part of the guide shaft with the possibility of its longitudinal movement and an external thread for screwing the adjusting nut, by means of which one of the extreme springs set contacts with the end element.

Known slide gate of a metallurgical container, comprising a housing in which a fixed and movable plate with casting holes and a plate clamping mechanism are installed, the housing being suspended from a ladle on two articulated rods made in the form of crank-link mechanisms, one of which is a hinged mechanism that allows you to translate the frame in the service position [Description of the invention to the USSR patent No. 661996 from 12/10/1973, M. Kl. ² B22D 41/08, publ. 05/18/1979]. As a result, the maintenance and repair of the shutter is simplified, the assembly process is facilitated, and the reliability of operation is increased.

The most common is the design of slide gates equipped with devices for translating the carriages into the service position. These devices are a variety of stationary articulated joints of carriages with valve body elements [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2043856 from 04/14/1994, IPC ⁶ B22D 41/22, publ. 09/20/1995] and [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2048260 dated 04/04/1994, IPC ⁶ B22D 41/22, publ. 11/20/1995].

A common drawback of these devices is the design complexity associated with the presence of excessive kinematic bonds involved in the process of casting metals and alloys and used for their intended purpose only during maintenance of the casting ladle.

In addition, it is known a device for translating the slide gate carriage into the service position, implemented in the design of the slide gate of the casting ladder [Description of the invention to the RF patent No. 2087253 of 10.26.1995, IPC ⁶ B22D 41/22, publ. 08/20/1997]. The translation device includes a mounting frame and a carriage, respectively equipped with a fixed and movable refractory plates, contacting in a plane with the possibility of relative displacement along the axis of the shutter, while the carriage can be pivotally connected to the mounting frame using two rotation axes mounted on one of the external the sides of the mounting frame, and the brackets mounted on the carriage, having holes at the free ends, coaxial to the axes of the mounting frame and interacting with each other in the serviced position shutter (i.e., outside the working offset of the movable refractory plate).

The disadvantage of this device is that it is functional only in cases where the longitudinal axis of the slide gate is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tilter, which is not always possible in practice, especially when it comes to upgrading the valves for medium and large capacity buckets with an arbitrary arrangement of their longitudinal axis relative to tilter axis, for example perpendicular.

The problem solved by the second invention of the group and the technical result achieved are to improve the layout of the slide gate of the casting ladle, which ensures simplicity of design and reliability of its operation in the service position, which is especially important in the design of valves for ladles of medium and large capacity.

To solve the problem and ensure the claimed technical result in the known device for translating the slide gate carriage into the service position, which comprises the articulated mounting frame and the carriage with fixed and movable refractory plates placed in them, contacting in a plane with the possibility of relative displacement along the axis of the shutter , the swivel is made in the form of two pins mounted on the carriage with the possibility of relative displacement and fixation along its axis, and response nests located on the mounting frame, while the nests have guide grooves located along the axis of the shutter, at least part of the cross-sections of which have a variable profile and a width smaller than the diameter of the pins, and the pins are made with flats parallel to the contact plane of the refractory plates , with the possibility of passage along the profile of the grooves and contact with the nests. Additionally, the nests are made with abutment surfaces located on the side of the longitudinal axis of the shutter perpendicular to the contact plane of the refractory plates, the trunnions are prefabricated and provided with abutment flanges configured to contact at least one of the abutment surfaces of the nests.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

- figure 1 shows a General view of the slide gate of the casting ladle in longitudinal section;

- figure 2 is a view And figure 1 is a view of the shutter from below;

- figure 3 shows a section bB of figure 1 - a cross section of the shutter;

- figure 4 is a section bb In figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a balancer in a position that provides the ability to swing and translate;

- figure 5 shows a view of G figure 1 - view of the slide gate from the side of the spring block;

- figure 6 shows the position D of figure 1 - an enlarged image of the pins of the carriage with a mechanism for their displacement and fixation;

- figure 7 shows a cross-section EE of figure 1 - the design of the spring block of figure 5, interacting with the levers of the mechanism for preloading the refractory plates;

- Fig. 8 shows the design of the spring block of Fig. 7 in the state of translation to the service (setting) or installation position;

- Fig.9 shows a view G of Fig.6 - a view of the socket of the mounting frame from the side of the axle of the carriage;

- figure 10 is a view 3 of figure 6 is a view of the axle of the carriage from the side of the socket of the mounting frame;

- figure 11 is a General view of the slide gate with the carriage, reclined in the service position;

- Fig.12 - the principle of fixing the trunnion in the carriage socket.

The slide gate of the casting ladle contains a mounting frame 1, a carriage 2, equipped with guides 3 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shutter, with a mechanism 4 for moving it and a device 5 for transferring to the service position, fixed 6 and movable 7 fireproof plates with working openings 8 and 9, placed respectively, in the mounting frame 1 and the carriage 2 and spring-loaded one to the other, a spring unit 10 with a mechanism 11 for adjusting the compression force of the springs 12, two two-arm levers 13 of the first kind, located on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter and the axis of rotation which are made in the form of shafts 14 installed in the bearings of rotation 15 on the mounting frame 1 parallel to both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter, with shoulders 16 and 17 spaced apart at the edges, the first shoulders 16 being pressed apart from each other by a spring unit 10, and on the second shoulders 17, support elements 18 are placed, mounted on shafts 14 on both sides of the axis of the hole 8 of the fixed refractory plate 6 symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the shutter and interacting with the movable refractory plate 7, while the supporting elements 18 of the two-arm levers 13 interact with the movable refractory plate 7 by means of two standard balancers 19 mounted on the mounting frame 1 with the possibility of swinging in planes perpendicular to the plane of the connector of the refractory plates 6 and 7, and translational movement along the axis of the working hole 8 of the stationary refractory plate 6, while the spring block 10 includes a guide a shaft 20 with a set of belleville springs 12 and two sets of end elements 21 and 22 interacting with the extreme springs 12 'and 12' ', which are pivotally connected to the first shoulders 16 of the two-arm levers 13, one of 21 The outer elements are made in the form of a sleeve 23 with an opening 24, inside of which a part of the guide shaft 20 is placed with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and an external thread 25, on which the adjusting nut 26 is screwed, while one of the end springs 12 'of the set contacts the end element 21 through adjusting nut 26, which allows easy assembly-disassembly, mounting-dismantling and adjustment of the operating force of the spring unit 10, respectively, the second end element 22 is made with the possibility of simple disassembly from the bending shaft 20, and the working force of the spring block 10 is transmitted to it as a result of direct interaction with the extreme spring 12 ''.

Additional advantages of the slide gate of the casting ladle, especially for ladles of medium and large capacity, are manifested if it is equipped with a device 5 for transferring the carriage 2 to the service position, which includes its hinge connection 27 with the mounting frame 1, and the mounting frame 1 and the carriage 2 are equipped with mentioned above, fixed 6 and movable 7 refractory plates, contacting in a plane with the possibility of relative displacement along the axis of the shutter, while the swivel joint 27 is made in the form of two pins 28 on the carriage 2 and mating sockets 29 on the mounting frame 1, while the sockets 29 include guide grooves 30 located along the axis of the shutter, at least part of the cross-sections of which has a variable profile and a width less than the diameter of the pins 28, and the pins 28 include flats 31 made in parallel the contact plane of the refractory plates 6, 7 and located with the possibility of their passage along the profile of the grooves 30 to contact the sockets 29. In addition, the sockets 29 under the pins 28 include thrust surfaces 32 located on the side of the longitudinal axis of the shutter perpendicular to the plane the contact bridges of the refractory plates 6 and 7, and the trunnions 28 are prefabricated, mounted on the carriage 2 with the possibility of relative displacement along its axis, for example, by means of a threaded connection 33, and fixing, for example, by means of bolts 34 installed in the right place, and provided with persistent flanges 35, made with the possibility of contacting their reference planes 36 with at least one of the thrust surfaces 32 of the sockets 29.

We analyze the materiality of the features of the claimed invention. The problem of slide gates for medium and large capacity buckets is the need to ensure that the refractory plates (gates) are evenly pressed together in the area of the working hole of the fixed plate with great effort and over the maximum possible area. Using the balancer allows you to provide, through the supporting elements of the two-arm levers, the necessary application area (at four points) of the effort of compressing the refractory plates to each other, and the necessary, sufficiently high force, which is evenly distributed on both sides of the bolt axis, provides a plate spring unit with an adjustment mechanism efforts to compress them. As a result, the refractory plates are pressed against each other at four points with equal force in each of them. If this principle is implemented in existing slide gates, it can be associated with a complex shutter design and a multitude of settings for elastic elements, and during the operation cycle of the shutter operation, the compressive force can vary arbitrarily and practically unpredictably, which is associated with severe temperature conditions of shutter operation .

Of course, for gate valves for medium and large capacity buckets, as well as for all other valves, there is a problem of their mounting-dismantling, assembly-disassembling, repair and adjustment. The carriage is the unit with which it is best to manipulate when assembled, and this is a lot of weight and the danger of dropping it. The stationary articulated joints of the carriage with the mounting frame do not solve this problem, since they are practically impossible to fine-tune due to the large tolerances for the manufacture of body parts and thermal deformations and, accordingly, cannot provide the required reliability. The technical solution claimed as the second invention solves the problem of a simple and reliable hinge connection of the carriage 2 with the mounting frame 1 in cases of their occasional (temporary) connection, which is calculated in just a few cases during the life of the slide gate - when changing the refractory plates 6 and 7. Any other than claimed as an invention, the solution of these technical contradictions is associated with the complexity of their implementation and the associated unreasonable economic costs.

We will consider the implementation of the inventions by the example of the operation of a slide gate of a casting ladle equipped with a device 5 for transferring the carriage to the service position.

In the initial state, the slide gate is not equipped with a bucket cup 37, a collector cup 38, a fixed 6 and a movable 7 refractory plates, the mechanism of their pressing against each other, the balancers 19 and the carriage 2. In this form, the shutter is mounted on a casting bucket 39, for which mounting the frame 1 is fixedly fixed in the right place on the respective fasteners.

A bucket cup 37 and then a fixed refractory plate 6 are installed on the mortar in the corresponding socket of the mounting frame 1 on a mortar; Similarly, a collector glass 38 and a movable refractory plate 7. are mounted on the mortar 2. Next, the carriage 2 the refractory plate 7 is leaned against (or laid) on the refractory plate 6 and begins to shift along the plane of their contact until the pins 28 gently enter the nests 29 through the guide grooves 30. In this position, the carriage 2 can be folded to the side y. As soon as the trunnions 28 begin to rotate in the sockets 29, the flats 31 will immediately be deployed relative to the guide grooves 30 and, as a result, a full swivel joint 27 is formed.

Next, the carriage 2 is again turned until it contacts the stationary refractory plate 6, but in such a way as to provide a kinematic connection with the mechanism 4 for moving it, while the carriage must be kept from falling out of the pins 28 from the sockets 29. On the guides 3, the carriages are installed 19, which by means of a ball hinge 40, they are mounted on racks 41 of the mounting frame 1 with the possibility of swinging in planes perpendicular to the plane of the connector of the refractory plates 6 and 7, and translational movement along the axis of the working hole 8 of a fixed non-resistant plate 6. In this position, the balancers 19 are in contact with the guides 3 of the carriage 2 so that their thrust rollers 42 are located in the technological niches of the guides 3. At this moment, the two-arm levers 13 begin to turn until the supporting elements 18 come into contact with the corresponding platforms of the balancers 19. Between the end elements 21 and 22 of the arms maximally spaced apart 16 place the spring unit 10.

Next, the mechanism 4 for moving the carriage 2 is turned on. The thrust rollers 42 of the balancers 19 run onto the guides 3. The carriage is moved to such a state that the working holes 8 and 9 are aligned, for example, using a special template. This is quite easy to do, since the spring unit 10 is not configured for the working force. After combining the openings 8 and 9, all the shutter elements are given the final working position and, by rotating the adjusting nut 26, the force of the preloaded springs 12 is adjusted. The template is removed from the openings 8 and 9.

By turning on / off the mechanism 4 for moving the carriage 2, free movement of the refractory plates 6 and 7 with respect to each other is achieved. In this case, the openings 8 and 9 overlap either completely or partially, which will correspond to different modes of the outflow of molten metal. After overlapping holes 8 and 9, which corresponds to the closed position of the gate, the starting mixture is poured into hole 8.

The casting ladle, if necessary, is transferred to the working position, metal is poured into it and the process of casting molten metal through the slide gate is started.

When combining holes 8 and 9, the starting mixture is poured out and liquid metal is poured. With the help of partial overlapping (throttling), the filling rate of foundries or other forms is controlled. To stop the supply of metal, the holes 8 and 9 of the refractory plates 6 and 7 are completely blocked by the corresponding inclusion of the mechanism 4 for moving the carriage 2.

After several swimming trunks, there is a need for a routine inspection of the slide gate.

Using the shutter movement mechanism 4, the heavy carriage 2 is shifted to the position when the pins 28 gently enter the slots 29 through the guide grooves 30. After that, the bolt 34 of the lower stop flange 35 is loosened and it is rotated until its bearing plane 36 comes into contact with the stop surface 32 the lower socket 29. The bolt 34 is tightened again.

As a result of the movement of the carriage 2, the stop rollers 42 will jump off the guides 3 and it will be possible to quickly tilt the spring block 10, turn the two-arm levers 13 of the first kind to the sides and, easily holding the carriage 2, remove the balancers 19. After that, the carriage 2 can be carefully folded into the service position . This ensures absolute reliability of fixing the carriage in the folded position relative to the mounting frame 1. At this time, you can easily control the stiffness of the disk springs in the block 10. If necessary, the movable plate 7, etc. The carriage 2 is assembled in the reverse sequence and occupies exactly the “ground” place that was fixed as a result of the displacement of the pin 28. Thus, the slide gate is again ready for further operation.

With further operation of the slide gate, it becomes necessary to replace the bucket cup 37 and the collector cup 38. This work is performed in the reverse order described above. Thus, the gate of the casting ladle is equipped with a device for translating its carriage into the service position.

As a result of the solution of the set tasks, the next layout of the slide gate of the casting ladle was equipped, equipped with a device for translating its carriage into the service position, and the practical implementation of the layout provides the necessary and uniform force to compress the refractory plates, which makes it possible to use it, including on shutters for medium-sized ladles and high capacity. At the same time, the simplicity of the design is ensured, the reliability of the shutter increases, the durability of its elements and assemblies increases, and it becomes possible to easily control the working force of the spring elements when using melting (two or more melts) refractory plates.

Claims (3)

1. A slide gate of a casting ladle containing a mounting frame, a carriage with a mechanism for moving it, a device for translating into a service position and guides parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shutter, a fixed and movable refractory plate with working holes located respectively in the mounting frame and carriage and pushed one to the other with the help of two two-shouldered levers of the first kind, located on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter, and a spring unit interacting with them with a mechanism for adjusting the compression force of the springs wherein the rotation axes of the two-shouldered levers of the first kind, made in the form of shafts, are mounted in the bearings of rotation on the mounting frame parallel to both sides of the longitudinal axis of the shutter, the first shoulders of the two-shouldered levers of the first kind are pressed from each other by a spring block, on the second shoulders of the two-shouldered levers of the first kind placed support elements mounted on shafts on either side of the axis of the opening of the fixed refractory plate symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the shutter with the possibility of interaction with a movable refractory plate, characterized by that the supporting elements of two-arm levers have the ability to interact with a movable refractory plate by means of balancers mounted on the mounting frame with the possibility of swinging in planes perpendicular to the plane of the connector of the refractory plates, and translational movement along the axis of the working hole of the fixed refractory plate, the spring block is made in the form of a guide shaft with a set of Belleville springs and two end elements interacting with the extreme springs of the set and pivotally connected to the first shoulders of two the shoulders of the levers, while one of the end elements is made in the form of a sleeve with a hole for accommodating a part of the guide shaft with the possibility of its longitudinal movement and an external thread for screwing the adjusting nut, through which one of the end springs of the set contacts the end element. 2. A device for translating a slide gate carriage into a service position, comprising a pivotally mounted mounting frame and a carriage with fixed and movable refractory plates placed therein, contacting in a plane with the possibility of relative displacement along the axis of the shutter, characterized in that the hinge is made in the form of two trunnions mounted on the carriage with the possibility of relative displacement and fixation along its axis, and mating sockets located on the mounting frame, while in the nests There are guide grooves located along the axis of the shutter, at least part of the cross-sections of which has a variable profile and a width smaller than the diameter of the trunnions, and the trunnions are made with flats located parallel to the contact plane of the refractory plates, with the possibility of passage along the groove profile and contact with the nests . 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nests are made with thrust surfaces located on the side of the longitudinal axis of the shutter perpendicular to the contact plane of the refractory plates, the trunnions are prefabricated and equipped with thrust flanges made with the possibility of contact with at least one of persistent surfaces of nests.

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