RU2356229C2 - Herbicidal agent and method of its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: herbicidal agent presented as trialkylamine salt of N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosphate) in which alkyl group has normal and isomeric structure and contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms is described. Notably, that before mentioned salts have surface tension ~30 mN/m. Glyphosphate and trialkylamine are presented in the equimolar ratio. Water-soluble powder is a preparative form. It is applied as selective and non-selective herbicide in agriculture and non-agricultural lands.

EFFECT: invention allows preparing effective herbicide agent with low dosage and simplifying production technology of herbicide agent.

3 cl, 2 tbl, 13 ex

Description

The invention relates to chemical plant protection products and can be used in agriculture and on non-agricultural land as a selective and continuous action herbicide.

Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine, N-FMH) is widely known as an effective broad-spectrum herbicide. Glyphosate is usually used in the form of a water-soluble salt - monoisopropylammonium salt, or trimethylsulfoxonium salt, or alkali metal salts in aqueous solutions (List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in the Russian Federation, 2005, P.198-199, 216-217 / Supplement to the journal Plant Protection and Quarantine, No. 6, 2005), however, compositions containing glyphosate in its acid form are applicable.

The main disadvantage of these drugs is the high standards for the use of the drug and the active substance per 1 ha of cultivated area and the need to transport from 400 to 600 kg of water per ton of the drug.

The use of glyphosate in combination with one or more active substances is known, as a result of which a synergy of their action is observed (RU 2250614, RU 2253233, RU 2251270, RU 2226827).

However, the known herbicidal compositions are intended to control weeds in crops of cultivated plants resistant to phosphorus-containing herbicides.

Combined herbicidal compositions based on glyphosate salts are also known: a combination of dimethylalkylamine salt of glyphosate and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 2-ethylhexyl ester according to RF patent No. 2233085, a combination of N, N-tetramethylmethylenediamine salts of glyphosate and -D according to RF patent No. 1665561, a combination of monoethanolamine salt of glyphosate and 2,4-D 2-ethylhexyl ether according to RF patent No. 2209547.

However, the known herbicidal compositions differ in their multicomponent composition and require the use of auxiliary components: surfactants, solvents, cosolvents, emulsifiers, etc. In addition, these preparations do not have arboricidal properties.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an effective glyphosate-based herbicidal agent at low application rates, simplifying the technology for producing the herbicidal agent.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the proposed herbicidal agent is presented in the form of a trialkylamine salt of N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate), in which the alkyl groups have normal or isostructure and contain from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, while these salts have a surface tension of 30.5- 34.5 mN / m. The herbicidal agent is in the form of a water-soluble powder.

The solution of this problem is also achieved by developing a new method for the synthesis of the above alkylamine salts of glyphosate by mechanochemical interaction of equimolecular amounts of solid glyphosate and liquid alkylamine in a highly efficient Z-shaped mixer that provides close contact between the reaction components and analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of the formed alkylamine glyphosate salts.

Moreover, a previously unknown fact was established that certain structures of only tertiary amines form glyphosate salts under the conditions of mechanochemical interaction, which are dry powders with surface-active properties at the level of modern cationic surfactants (~ 30 mN / m).

Thus, the above allows you to create a single structure that meets all the technological requirements of glyphosate-containing preparations in the form of aqueous solutions of glycosate alkylamine salts, namely, the biological potential of glyphosate and surface-active properties.

Previously, these functions were performed separately, the biological activity of glyphosate due to the surface-inactive alkylamine salt of glyphosate and a single surface-active compound.

The structure of the tertiary alkylamine, which allows the synthesis of the trialkylamine salt of glyphosate, which meets the requirements of the present invention (dry powder, surface-active properties), must contain from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. In this case, at least one alkyl radical must have the number of carbon atoms greater than 8.

Thus, taking into account the peculiarities of certain structures of trialkylamines and the original technology for the synthesis of tretalkylamine salts of glyphosate, it was possible to combine the biological activity of the active substance (glyphosate) and the surface-active properties required for the composition in a single structure.

This circumstance makes it possible to form a glyphosate-containing preparation in the form of a water-soluble powder that does not require additional ingredients.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

56.7 g of glyphosate and 43.3 g of dimethylalkylamine (alkyl - C ₄ H ₉ ) are mixed in a Z-shaped worm-blade mixer. Stirring is carried out for an hour. The resulting salt in an amount of 1.5 g is dissolved in 98.5 g of water and the surface tension of the solution is measured at the interface with air by the maximum bubble pressure method. The resulting product is presented in the form of a dry salt.

Example 2

The technology is similar to example 1. The loading of glyphosate 47.7 g, diethylalkylamine (alkyl-iso-C ₈ H ₁₇ ) 52.3 g. The resulting product is presented in the form of a dry salt.

Example 3

Analogously to example 1. The loading of glyphosate 41.3 g, dipropylalkylamine (alkyl - C ₁₀ H ₂₁ ) 58.7 g. Dry salt.

Example 4

Analogously to example 1. The loading of glyphosate 42.8 g, methylethylalkylamine (alkyl - iso-C ₁₂ H ₂₅ ) 57.2 g. Dry salt.

Example 5

Analogously to example 1. Download glyphosate 38.6 g, methylpropylalkylamine (alkyl - C ₁₄ H ₂₉ ) 61.4 g. Dry salt.

Example 6

Analogously to example 1. Download glyphosate 38.6 g, ethylpropylalkylamine

(alkyl - C ₁₂ H ₂₅ ÷ C ₁₄ H ₂₉ ) 61.4 g. Dry salt.

Example 7

Analogously to example 1. Download glyphosate 42.7 g, dimethylalkylamine

(alkyl -C ₁₂ H ₂₅ ÷ C ₁₄ H ₂₉ ) 57, 3 g. Dry salt.

Example 8

Analogously to example 1. The loading of glyphosate 30.8 g, dibutylalkylamine (alkyl - C ₁₆ H ₃₃ ÷ C ₂₀ H ₄₁ ) 69.2 g. Dry salt

Example 9 - tank mixture.

0.43 g of dimethylalkylamine (alkyl - C ₁₂ H ₂₅ ÷ C ₁₄ H ₂₉ ) is dissolved in 66 g of water. 0.57 g of glyphosate was added to the resulting solution and stirred until the herbicide was completely dissolved. The surface tension of the resulting solution is measured at the interface with air.

Example 10 is a reference.

Analogously to example 1. The loading of glyphosate 73.5 g, ethanolamine 26.5,

Sticky pasty mass.

Example 11 is a reference.

Analogously to example 1. Download glyphosate 53.2 g, triethanolamine 46.8 g.

Sticky pasty mass.

Example 12 is a prototype.

Analogously to example 1. Download glyphosate 74.2 g, isopropylamine 25.8 g.

Sticky pasty mass.

Example 13

Tests of the herbicidal activity of the preparations is carried out in 1 l vegetation vessels. Soil - typical chernozem containing 8.5% humus. The treatment of test plants with herbicidal aqueous solutions of powders is carried out in the development phase of several leaves. Inhibition of plants is estimated by weight relative to the control. Doses of herbicides 750 and 1500 g / ha The repetition of the experiments is 4 times.

The data presented in tables 1 and 2 indicate the superiority of the proposed product over the prototype (herbicide Roundup). The surface tension of a 1.5% aqueous solution of the proposed product is 2 times lower than the prototype, which contributes to better wetting of the surface of the leaves of the test plants, and the herbicidal activity is much higher, both at a dose of 750 g / ha and at a dose of 1500 g / ha.

Claims (3)

1. A herbicidal agent based on an amine salt of N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate), characterized in that the amine salt of N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) is a trialkylamine salt in which the alkyl groups are normal or isostructured and contain from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein these salts have a surface tension of 30.5-34.5 mN / m. 2. The herbicidal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it is presented in the form of a water-soluble powder. 3. The method of obtaining the herbicidal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises mixing N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) with a trialkylamine, used individually or in a mixture, where the alkyl groups have normal or isostructure and contain from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and said trialkylamine and N-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) are in an equimolar ratio.