RU235525U1 - LIGHTWEIGHT WHEELSET FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the design of wheelsets for railway vehicles. A lightweight wheelset for a railway vehicle comprises wheels and an axle with pressed-on wheels. The axle is made at its ends with two journals for bearings with a diameter (d ₁ ) and a nominal value of 130 mm, two pre-hub parts with a diameter (d ₂ ) and a nominal value of 165 mm, two under-hub parts with a diameter (d ₃ ) and a length (l), with a middle part with a diameter (d ₄ ) and a length (L). The wheel is made with a hub with a width of (L _st ) and a hub hole with a diameter of (D _st ). The under-hub parts of the lightweight axle are made with a diameter (d ₃ ) equal to 190 ( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm and a length (l) equal to 210 ^+2.0 mm. The middle part of the axle is made with a diameter (d ₄ ) equal to _167-1 mm. The diameter (D _st ) of the wheel hub opening is made with a nominal size of 190 mm. The width (L _st ) of the wheel hub is made with a nominal size of 190 mm. The technical result is a reduction in the weight of the wheelset for a railway vehicle. 2 ref. f-ly, 5 fig.

Description

The utility model relates to the design of wheel pairs for railway vehicles.

Railway vehicles use various wheel sets, manufactured, for example, according to GOST 4835-2013 “Wheel sets of railway cars. Technical conditions”.

The wheelset comprises an axle which is provided at its ends with two journals for bearings with a diameter (d ₁ ) with a nominal value of 130 mm, two pre-hub parts with a diameter (d ₂ ) with a nominal value of 165 mm, two under-hub parts with a diameter (d ₃ ) and a length (l), a middle part with a diameter (d ₄ ), see axle type RU1Sh, GOST 33200-2014. Solid-rolled wheels containing a rim, disk and hub are pressed onto the axle, see GOST 10791-2011. A hub hole with a diameter of (D _st ) is made in the hub, the wheel hub is made with a width of (L _st ).

A technical problem typical for these wheel sets is the high weight, caused by the excessively large diameters of the axles used in the wheel sets.

The technical result of the utility model is a reduction in the weight of a wheelset for a railway vehicle.

The claimed technical result is ensured by a lightweight wheelset comprising a lightweight axle with pressed-on wheels, the axle at its ends being made with two journals for bearings with a diameter (d ₁ ) with a nominal value of 130 mm, two pre-hub parts with a diameter (d ₂ ) with a nominal value of 165 mm, two under-hub parts with a diameter (d ₃ ) and a length (l), with a middle part with a diameter (d ₄ ) and a length (L), the wheel is made with a hub of width (L _st ) and a hub hole with a diameter (D _st ), the under-hub parts of the lightweight axle are made with a diameter (d ₃ ) equal to 190 ( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm, and a length (l) equal to 210 ^+2.0 mm, the middle part of the axle is made with a diameter (d ₄ ) equal to _167-1 mm, the diameter (D _st ) of the hub the wheel holes are made with a nominal size of 190 mm, the width (L _st ) of the wheel hub is made with a nominal size of 190 mm;

the length L of the middle part of the lightweight axle can be made in the range from 1260 to 1270 mm,

Three evenly spaced threaded mounting holes can be made on the ends of the lightweight axle, intended for securing the axle box or double-row tapered bearings.

The utility model differs from the prototype in that the hub parts of the lightweight axle are made with a diameter ( _d3 ) equal to 190( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm and a length (l) equal to 210 ^+2.0 mm, the middle part of the axle is made with a diameter ( _d4 ) equal to _167-1 mm, the diameter ( _Dst ) of the hub opening of the wheel is made with a nominal size of 190 mm, the width ( _Lst ) of the hub of the wheel is made with a nominal size of 190 mm;

the length L of the middle part of the lightweight axle can be made in the range from 1260 to 1270 mm,

Three evenly spaced threaded mounting holes can be made on the ends of the lightweight axle, intended for securing the axle box or double-row tapered bearings.

Such differences provide grounds for asserting that the proposed technical solution meets the patentability criterion of a utility model - “novelty”.

The utility model is presented by images showing:

Fig. 1 - lightweight wheelset for a railway vehicle in assembly, main view,

Fig. 2 - the place where the wheel is connected to the lightweight axle, a local view with a local section,

Fig. 3 - lightweight axle of a lightweight wheelset,

Fig. 4 - diagram of the calculated cross-sections of the lightweight axle,

Fig. 5 - a wheel of a lightweight wheelset with a local cut.

A lightweight wheelset for a railway vehicle comprises an axle 1 (Fig. 1, 2) with wheels 2 pressed on. The axle 1 is provided at its ends with two journals 1.1 for bearings (not shown) with a diameter (d ₁ ) and a nominal value of 130 mm, with two pre-hub parts 1.2 with a diameter (d ₂ ) and a nominal value of 165 mm, with two under-hub parts 1.3 with a diameter (d ₃ ) and a length (l), with a middle part 1.4 with a diameter (d ₄ ). Wheel 2 is provided with a hub 2.1 with a width (L _st ) and with a hub opening 2.1.1 with a diameter (D _st ), wheel 2 also contains a rim 2.2 and a disk 2.3. The wheel with its 2.1 hub is pressed with tension onto the 1.3 diameter (d ₃ ) hub parts.

In order to reduce the weight of axle 1 of wheelset 2, its hub parts 1.3 are made with a reduced diameter (d ₃ ), compared to the prototype, equal to 190 ( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm, and a length (l) equal to 210 ^+2.0 mm. The middle part 1.4 of the lightweight axle 1 is made with a diameter (d ₄ ), equal to 167- ₁ mm. The diameter (D _st ) of the hub opening 2.1.1 of wheel 2 is made with a nominal size of 190 mm, the width (L _st ) of the wheel hub is made with a nominal size of 190 mm.

The diameter (d ₁ ) of the journals 1.1 of the lightweight axle 1 is made with a nominal size of 130 mm and can be made, for example, in the range from 130.025 to 130.052 mm, in order to obtain an interference fit between the journals 1.1 of the lightweight axle 1 and the bearings. The diameter (d ₂ ) of the pre-hub parts 1.2 is made with a nominal value of 165 mm and can be made, for example, in the range from 165.12 to 165.2 mm.

The length (L) of the middle part 1.4 of the lightweight axle 1 can be made in the range from 1260 to 1270 mm.

To secure the axle box assembly or tapered roller bearings, three evenly spaced threaded fastening holes (n _holes = 3) with a diameter of d _holes = M20 may be made on the ends of the lightweight axle 1, intended for securing the axle box or double-row tapered bearings. During the production and operation of the lightweight axle and lightweight wheelset, the threaded fastening holes serve as an additional information and identification mark.

The conducted verification calculations of the RU1Sh type axle, selected as a prototype, showed that the said axle, under a load of 245 kN (25 tf), has an excessive safety margin that is not realized in real operating conditions. The excessive safety margin is due, in particular, to the overestimated values of the diameters (d ₃ ) of the wheel hub parts, and the diameter (d ₄ ) of the middle part of the axle. The overestimated values of the said diameters lead to an excessive and unjustified increase in the axle mass.

To reduce the weight of the wheelset, the diameter (d ₃ ) of the wheel bearing parts 1.3 of axle 1 is reduced from 194 ( ^+2.0 _-0.5 ) mm to 190 ( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm, the length (l) of the wheel bearing parts 1.3 is reduced from 250 mm to 210 ^+2.0 mm, the diameter (d ₄ ) of the middle part 1.4 is reduced from 172 ⁺³ mm to 167 _-1 mm, which leads to a reduction in the weight of the lightweight axle 1 by 100 kg.

Verification calculations of the fatigue resistance safety factors ( _kзест ) of lightweight axle 1 were carried out in accordance with the “Standards for the calculation and design of cars for the 1520 gauge railways of the Ministry of Railways”, GosNIIV-VNIIZhT, Moscow, 1996 (see https://dwg.ru/dnl/2822).

The calculations were carried out for the cross-sections I - I, II - II, III - III, IV - IV, V - V of the lightweight axle 1 indicated in Fig. 4, where:

I - I - cross-section on neck 1.1 along the inner edge of the rear bearing ring;

II - II - cross-section on neck 1.1 at a distance “a” from the end of the pre-foot part 1.2, a = 10 mm;

III - III - cross-section on the seat part 1.3 in the plane of the wheel rolling circle;

IV - IV - cross-section in the middle of axis 1;

V - V - cross-section on the middle part of axis 1 at a distance of 2/3 of the length of the section from the end of the seat part 1.3 to the line of connection of the fillet with the middle part 1.4.

The table presents the results of calculations of the fatigue resistance safety factors (kз _ст ).

Table

Calculated cross sections Calculated safety factor for fatigue resistance (k _{з ст} ) Permissible safety factor for fatigue resistance (kзст _min) I - I 2.50 2.0 II - II 2.83 III - III 2.85 IV - IV 2.50 V - V 2.80

The information presented in the Table shows that the calculated values of the fatigue resistance safety factor (k _{з ст} ) in the cross-sections of lightweight axle 1, manufactured according to the proposed dimensions, are greater than the minimum permissible fatigue resistance safety factor (k _{з ст min} ) equal to 2.0, that is, the calculated strength indicators of axle 1, manufactured according to the proposed dimensions, do not exceed the limits of the standard limit values, which does not lead to an unacceptable decrease in the strength of lightweight axle 1, while ensuring the specified resource.

Thus, the proposed executive dimensions of the lightweight axle 1 ensure a reduction in the weight of the wheelset of a railway vehicle.

Claims (3)

1. A lightweight wheelset for a railway vehicle comprising wheels, an axle with pressed-on wheels, the axle at its ends being made with two journals for bearings with a diameter (d ₁ ) and a nominal value of 130 mm, two pre-hub parts with a diameter (d ₂ ) with a nominal value of 165 mm, two under-hub parts with a diameter (d ₃ ) and a length (l), with a middle part with a diameter (d ₄ ) and a length (L), the wheel is made with a hub of width (L _st ) and a hub hole with a diameter (D _st ), characterized in that the under-hub parts of the lightweight axle are made with a diameter (d ₃ ) equal to 190 ( ^+0.25 _+0.17 ) mm, and a length (l) equal to 210 ^+2.0 mm, the middle part of the axle is made with a diameter (d ₄ ) equal to _167-1 mm, the diameter (D _st ) the wheel hub opening is made with a nominal size of 190 mm, the width (L _st ) of the wheel hub is made with a nominal size of 190 mm. 2. A lightweight wheelset according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the length (L) of the middle part of the lightweight axle is made in the range from 1260 to 1270 mm. 3. A lightweight wheelset according to item 1, characterized in that three evenly spaced threaded mounting holes are made on the ends of the axle.