RU2354599C1 - Device for heating organic and synthetic products in containers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a heat carrier source and a heat carrier feeder with its length being adjustable and a separation unit at the end. At least two heat exchangers are branched off from the unit to be immersed in the product being heated; each of them is divided by a baffle forming a heat carrier inlet channel, a channel of its withdrawal into the atmosphere during preheating and a heating channel for a basic product. The channel of heat carrier withdrawal into the atmosphere comprises a damper which is movably connected to the heat exchanger elastic bottom mechanically joined to a magnet set on the inner side of the heat carrier inlet channel. The lower part of the heat exchanger facing the basic product is fitted with two holes. The upper hole is closed by a diamagnetic insertion; a magnet fixed at a spring-loaded support and being adjustable in respect to the input channel wall is adjoining the insertion outside. The magnet mechanically joined to the elastic bottom is adjoining the insertion inside the heat exchanger. A branch pipe with a magnetic half-girdle fixed on the outer surface of the branch pipe end is run off from the lower channel hole. The branch pipe length provides for its interaction with the magnet mechanically joined to the elastic bottom when pressed to the outer channel wall. In running order the branch pipe is mainly inclined at an angle of 15…30° to the horizon. A magnet fixed at a spring-loaded support and being adjustable in respect to the channel wall is mounted outside the inlet channel. The lower support end is placed lower than the heat exchanger bottom.

EFFECT: intensifying the product heating process, reducing power consumption, reducing capital expenditures for heating system, eliminating counter flows of the heat carrier and heated air.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The device relates to methods for heating organic and synthetic products, including oil products, oils, fats and similar products for their subsequent unloading from containers, including from railway tanks.

Known devices for liquefying and draining hardened products by heating them using heaters.

Known devices for heating viscous petroleum products in a tank, for example, “A device for heating viscous petroleum products in a tank with steam” (A.S. USSR No. 996287, 1983), consisting of a vertical rod forming a T-shaped rod with a tee and pipes, to the ends of which steam distributors with a closing element and a coupling are attached.

The disadvantages of the device include:

a) the complexity of the design;

b) the difficulty of penetration into the hardened product due to the significant dimensions of the tee and the presence in the filler neck of the tank of the drive for opening the drain funnel valve;

c) the need for manual control of the distribution of steam distributors.

The closest is a device for unloading hardened products with their thermal liquefaction (US Pat. RF №2128763, MPK7 B65D, B65G 69/20, "Device for unloading hardened products from containers" authors Stepashov NE, Morozov AI, Pokushalov M .P., Bulletin No. 3, 01/27/2002), containing a metal hose and a drive for moving it, a coolant source, a damper for changing the direction of the coolant flow.

The disadvantage of the device is the lack of intensification of the process due to the difficulty of introducing a metal hose through the drain funnel, the counter mode of movement of the coolant and the product to be heated, the high energy intensity and capital costs of the heating system, the difficulty of heating the drain funnel valve.

The objective of the invention is the intensification of the heating process by reducing the heating time of the mechanism for draining the heated product from the tank by preheating the heat exchangers, reducing energy consumption through the use of a low-pressure heating medium, reducing capital costs for the heating system, eliminating the oncoming mode of movement of the heating medium and the heated product.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for heating and unloading of hardened masses containing a heat carrier source connected to a heat carrier supply device made with dampers, according to the proposed solution, the heat carrier supply device is configured to change its length, containing a separation unit at the end and extending from the assembly, at least two heat exchangers for immersion in a heated product next to the drain funnel opening mechanism, each of which is made in the form of a pipe, divided by a longitudinal a partition that does not reach the bottom of the heat exchanger, forming a channel for entering the coolant and a channel for outputting the coolant into the atmosphere, oriented to the center of the tank and containing an opening in the upper part for the output of the coolant, and the above shutter pivotally mounted in the lower part of the channel movably connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger mechanically connected with a magnet located on the inner side of the coolant inlet channel, the lower part of the wall of the coolant inlet channel facing the heated The product is made with two holes located one above the other, the upper hole being hermetically sealed by a diamagnetic insert, to which a magnet located on the outside of the channel adjoins, mounted on a spring-loaded rack, made with the possibility of moving and fixing along the wall of the coolant inlet channel, the lower end of the rack is located below the bottom of the heat exchanger, and on the other hand, the above magnet is mechanically connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger adjacent to the diamagnetic insert, At the same time, a branch pipe with an elastic magnetic half-belt attached to the outer surface of the end of the pipe departs from the lower opening of the channel, while the length of the pipe ensures that the magnetic half-belt interacts with the magnet mechanically connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger when it is pressed against the outer wall of the channel.

The differences of the claimed device from the prototype

1. Entering the coolant through the filler neck above the product level.

2. The implementation of the coolant supply device with the possibility of changing its length, for example telescopic.

3. The separation of the coolant into flows in heat exchangers immersed in a heated product.

4. The implementation of heat exchangers with three channels of direction of movement of the coolant: input, output into the atmosphere, heating the main product.

The above differences provide the advantages of the claimed device in comparison with the prototype.

1. The introduction of heat exchangers above the level of the heated mass is simpler, more convenient and more reliable structurally and does not limit the flow rate of the coolant.

2. The implementation of heat exchangers with three channels allows you to intensify the beginning of the heating process due to the rapid immersion of the heat exchanger, heated by both the incoming and the outgoing heat carrier.

3. The presence of an elastic bottom in the lower part of the heat carrier and its movable connection with a shutter and a magnet holding the elastic pipe closed allows to prevent the ingress of heated product into the heat exchanger during immersion, and after opening the drain hole and draining the heated product, it is possible to close the coolant outlet channel into the atmosphere and the transition of the elastic pipe to the heating mode of the main product.

The device is shown in FIG. 1 (general view), FIG. 2 is a section along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger, FIG. 3 is a section along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger in the immersion mode, and FIG. 4 is a section along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger in the heating mode main product. The device consists of the following main components and parts: a heat carrier source 1, for example, an electric air heater connected through a hinge 2 to a heat carrier supply device 3, made, for example, of square or rectangular pipes, with the possibility of changing the length, for example, telescopically, a lifting device 4, for example, a jack, a distribution unit 5, made, for example, in the form of a tee, from which at least two heat exchangers 6 depart, each of which is made, for example, of a steel pipe 7, divided by odolnoy partition 8 without reaching to the bottom of the heat exchanger into two channels, the input channel 9 heat medium channel 10 output the coolant to the atmosphere through an opening in its upper part. In addition, the heat exchanger contains a channel 11 for heating the main product, made, for example, in the form of an elastic pipe extending from an opening 12 in the lower part of the input channel 9 containing a magnetic half-belt 13 at the outer end. The bottom 14 of the heat exchanger 6 is made elastic, for example, from fluoroplastic and mechanically, for example, by a rod 15 is connected, for example, using a fork connection with a shutter 16 pivotally mounted on the lower end of the partition 8, and a lever 17 connected to the lever 18 with a magnet 19, mounted on the lever 18 with the possibility w navigate diamagnetic insert 20 sealingly attached to the top opening in the duct wall 9 facing the main product.

A stand 21 is fixed on the same wall from the outside with the possibility of moving along the channel 9 in the brackets 22 and 23. Above the bracket 22, the washer 24 is rigidly fixed to the stand 21, and a compressed spring 25 is placed under the bracket 23 on the stand 21. The combination of the washer 24 and the spring 25 determines the lowest position of the end of the rack 21 below the bottom of the heat exchanger.

The device operates as follows. For example, you need to heat the tar in a railway tank to drain it into storage. Jack 4 lift the heat exchangers 6 over the filler neck of the tank. The device is prepared for operation in the preliminary mode (heating of the product channel to release the drain funnel valve control system) of heating: outside, prior to the immersion, press on the elastic bottom 14 of the heat exchanger. At the same time through the draft 15 opens the valve 16 for the exit of the coolant into the atmosphere. At the same time, the two-arm lever 17 rotates in a hinge, pulls down the lever 18 with a magnet 19 at the end of the lever 18, which is attracted through the diamagnetic insert to the magnet 26 located outside the heat exchanger 6. The elastic pipe 11 is pressed against the channel wall 9. The magnetic half-belt 13 is attracted through the diamagnetic insert 20 to the magnet 19, closing the hole of the pipe 11. Turn on the air heater 1, the heated gas through the hinge 2, the coolant supply device 3, the tee 5 enters the input channel of the heat carrier 9 of the heat exchanger 6, passes into the output channel 10 coolant to the atmosphere. The heat exchanger 6 is heated to a temperature exceeding the melting temperature of the tar (60-70) ° C. Jack the heat exchangers 6 down into the hardened tar, next to the opening of the drain funnel. As the heat exchangers 6 are immersed in the tar, a well of liquefied tar is formed around the mechanism for opening the drain funnel of the tank. When the heat exchanger approaches the bottom of the tank, the lower end of the strut 21, located below the bottom of the heat exchanger, abuts against the bottom. Under the influence of the weight of the heat exchanger, the spring 25 is compressed, the rack 21 and the magnet 26 rise. The magnetic connection between the magnets 19 and 26 is broken, since the magnet 19 is prevented from moving by the elastic bottom 14, which is supported from below by a column of liquefied tar. Open (not shown) a drain funnel (not shown) on top of the mechanism. The liquefied tar is discharged, the heating zone communicates with the atmosphere, and the pressure inside the heat exchanger exceeds the pressure in the environment by the magnitude of the coolant pressure. Under the influence of this pressure difference, the elastic bottom 14 bends down and through the rod 15 closes the shutter 16 and lifts the magnet 11 through the levers 17 and 18 upwards, as a result of which the magnetic connection of the magnet 19 and the half-belt 13 is broken. Under the action of excess pressure, the elastic pipe 11 straightens and passes in the mode of heating the tar. In this case, the filler neck is sealed, preventing the leakage of the coolant into the atmosphere. The pipe 11 in this case occupies a position mainly at an angle (15 ... 30) ° to the horizon. This direction of the coolant flow ensures maximum time of its contact with the heated product both during heating and during the expiration of the heated product from the tank, which increases the efficiency of heat transfer and intensifies the flow of the product from the tank, increases the degree of purification of the tank from the heated product.

If the product to be heated is in a container without a lower drain hole, then it is unloaded by any known method, for example, pumping out by a pump.

Claims (2)

1. A device for heating organic and synthetic products in containers and unloading, containing a source of coolant associated with a coolant supply device, made with dampers, characterized in that the coolant supply device is configured to change its length, containing a separation unit at the end and extending from the assembly at least two heat exchangers for immersion in a heated product, each of which is made in the form of a pipe divided by a longitudinal partition that does not reach the bottom of the heat exchanger ka, forming a channel for entering the coolant and a channel for outputting the coolant into the atmosphere, oriented to the center of the tank and containing a hole in the upper part for the output of the coolant, and the above shutter pivotally mounted in the lower part of the channel, movably connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger, mechanically connected with a magnet located from the inside of the coolant inlet channel, while the lower part of the wall of the coolant inlet channel facing the heated product is made with two openings located one above the other, and the upper hole is hermetically sealed by a diamagnetic insert, to which a magnet adjacent to the outside of the channel, mounted on a spring-loaded strut, adapted to move and fix along the wall of the coolant inlet channel, is adjacent to it on the one side, while the lower end of the strut is located below the bottom of the heat exchanger, and on the other hand, the above magnet adjoins the diamagnetic insert mechanically connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger, and a pipe k, with an elastic magnetic half-belt attached to the outer surface of the end of the nozzle, the length of the nozzle ensures, when it is pressed against the outer wall of the channel, the interaction of the magnetic half-belt with a magnet mechanically connected to the elastic bottom of the heat exchanger. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe in working condition is located at an angle of 15-30 ° to the horizon.

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