RU2354452C2 - Inertial crusher for solid materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to equipment for material fine crumbling. The inertial crusher for solid materials consists of a hollow stator, of a charging and discharging devices and of the aggregate of crushing bodies. The crushing bodies are secured on a rotating rotor, installed in the cavity of the stator and equipped with a drive; the crushing bodies are made in form of freely rotating rollers, axes of which are installed to travel under effect of centrifugal forces into a position, which facilitates approaching or interacting of external surface of the roller with internal surface of the stator.

EFFECT: invention facilitates upgraded efficiency, varying dispersion of grinding; it also facilitates reducing dependence of grinding from humidity of source material.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for fine grinding of materials and can find application in the energy, chemical, mining and processing industries, as well as in the building materials industry.

To assess the novelty and technical level of the claimed solution, we consider a number of technical means known to the applicant for a similar purpose, characterized by a combination of features similar to the claimed invention, known from the information that became public until the priority date of the invention.

Inertial cone mills are known in which an unbalanced rotor-vibrator is used, the centrifugal force of which is regulated and the amplitude of the inner cone is accordingly regulated. Such a drive scheme is dynamic and has no obstacles to compressing the layer of crushed material, except for the resistance of the layer itself, therefore, the degree of crushing of such crushers reaches 20. This is facilitated by an almost twofold increase in the number of swings of the inner cone and the absence of damage to the drive even when the cone is jammed.

A known inertial cone mill (US patent N4592517, В02С 2/04, June 3, 1986), comprising a housing supported by an elastic cone with an outer cone and an inner cone placed inside it on a spherical support and mounted on a shaft with a drive mounted using bearings unbalanced rotor hinged to the spherical support of the inner cone and connected to the engine through a compensation coupling.

The disadvantages of such a mill are: the lack of its dynamic balancing, the loss of 15% of the crushing force due to the small moment of inertia of the body relative to the center of the spherical support of the inner cone (lack of a massive bottom of the body) and the impossibility of optimal adjustment of the crushing force.

A known inertial cone mill (US patent N4452401, В02С 2/04, June 5, 1987), containing a housing supported on a foundation through elastic shock absorbers, provided with an external cone and placed inside it on a spherical support, an inner cone, on the shaft of which is mounted using a bearing an unbalanced drive rotor suspended rotatably from the shaft of the inner cone and connected by a compensation coupling to the drive motor.

While simplifying the design by eliminating the large-sized articulated suspension of the unbalanced rotor to the spherical support of the inner cone, the mentioned mill retained all the disadvantages inherent in the previous analogue.

Known cone inertial mill containing a housing, an internal crushing cone with a drive shaft, the support of which is made in the form of a spherical thrust bearing placed on the housing with the ability to move along the supporting surface, an unbalance mounted on the shaft end of the crushing cone and the unbalance drive. The inner crushing cone is additionally equipped with an unbalance mounted on the upper end of the drive shaft and mating with the lower unbalance by means of an intermediate shaft mounted inside the drive shaft of the crushing cone. In this device, the crushing chamber is formed by surfaces with rectilinear generators of the housing and the crushing cone, respectively (patent SU No. 1209278, 02/07/1986).

When the device is in operation, the crushing cone is rolled around the body, and contact is provided along the entire line of the crushing chamber generators, which increases the degree of material reduction, i.e. crushing efficiency.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design of the device, which consists in the presence of a second unbalanced node and an intermediate shaft connecting the unbalances, as well as the placement of the upper unbalance in the material loading zone, which creates inconvenience in servicing the device.

Currently, the most common type of mills in the industry are ball type mills, which grind the initial product in closed chambers.

However, these mills have a number of common significant drawbacks, namely, difficulties in classifying and grading the final product, high electricity consumption, high cost of servicing these crushers, and the need for frequent replacement, expensive crushing balls, the diverse, random form of the final product, as well as its high humidity.

Known, for example, is a ball drum mill containing a hollow lined drum, a loading and unloading device, an unloading perforated grate installed at the outlet of the drum and rigidly attached to it, a recycling pipe located coaxially to the drum, and also a combination of grinding media (RF patent No. 2291746) .

This analogue is inherent in the set of features closest to the set of essential features of the invention, and therefore this known technical solution is selected as a prototype of the claimed invention.

The present invention is based on the solution of the technical problem of obtaining a more uniform shape of the final product with lower humidity, as well as facilitating the classification of the final product.

The essence of the claimed invention as a technical solution is expressed in the following set of essential features, sufficient to achieve the above technical result provided by the invention.

An inertial mill for solid materials containing a hollow stator, a loading and unloading device, as well as a set of grinding bodies, is characterized in that the grinding bodies are mounted on a rotating rotor located in the stator cavity and equipped with a drive and are made in the form of freely rotating rollers whose axes are fixed with the ability to move under the action of centrifugal forces in a position in which the approach or interaction of the outer surface of the roller with the inner surface of the stator is ensured.

This is the totality of essential features that provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

In addition, the claimed technical solution has a number of optional features, namely:

- the axis of the rollers can be placed in the forks installed between the cheeks of at least one coil rigidly fixed to the rotor with the possibility of moving relative to them under the action of centrifugal forces;

- the outer surfaces of the rollers in the upper and lower parts can be made conical;

- the device can be equipped with means providing a minimum clearance between the outer surface of the rollers and the inner surface of the stator.

The applicant has not identified sources containing information about technical solutions, the combination of features of which coincide with the combination of distinctive features of the claimed invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the condition of "novelty."

Certain distinctive features of the claimed invention, such as rollers, a rotating rotor, are known from the prior art, however, the applicant is not aware of any publications that would contain information on the effect of these distinctive features of the invention on the achieved technical result, which is that primary grinding the source material is due to the discarding of the rotor elements on the inner wall of the stator and the impact of the rollers, and the main grinding is done between the surface of the rollers and the inner surface of the stator due to the pressure force of the rollers created by centrifugal forces during rotation of the rotor.

In this regard, according to the applicant, it can be concluded that the claimed technical solution meets the condition of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a section of the claimed device, figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1, figure 3 is a section bb in figure 1.

In the drawings, the positions indicate the main details of the claimed device: loading branch 1, hopper 2, electric motor 3, support flange 4, stator 5, rotor axis 6, coil 7, fork 8, roller 9, fork axis 10, roller axis 11, outlet funnel 12 , block of bearings 13 of the axis of the rotor, limiter 14 of rotation of the fork.

The device operates as follows.

The electric motor 3, located on top of the hopper 2, rotates the rotor 6, on which the coils are fixed 7. The axis of the rotor 6 is centered and fixed relative to the stator 5 with the help of bearing blocks 13 mounted on the support flanges 4. The axes 10 of the forks 8 are fixed on the cheeks 7 of the coils 7. Each coil 7 carries several forks 8 with rollers 9, the number of which is determined by the design of the mill and the quality requirements of the final product. The most rational is to fix on each coil three forks 8 with rollers 9. The rollers 9 rotate freely on the axles 11 mounted on the forks 8.

When the rotor rotates, centrifugal forces rotate the forks 8, while the rollers 9 come close to or press against the inner surface of the stator 5, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the circle described by the maximum possible exit of the rollers 9. The presence of limiters 14 for turning the fork 8 in the form of eccentric stops reduce the rotation of the forks 8 in those cases when it is necessary to provide a given clearance between the inner surface of the stator 5 and the roller 9. At a rotor speed of about 1500 rpm, the pressure of the roller 9 to the inner surface of the stator 5 can exceed the weight of the roller a thousand times and can be measured in thousands of kilograms of force.

The source material is continuously fed into the loading pipe 1 and, under the influence of its own weight, falls into the hopper 2. Then, through the windows of the support flange 4, the material enters the outer side of the coils 7, is discarded by centrifugal forces on the inner surface of the stator 5, and enters the rollers 9, which rotate at a speed several tens of m / s. Primary grinding of the starting material occurs as a result of the impact of the rollers 9 on the starting material. Further, the source material falls between the surface of the rollers 9 and the inner surface of the stator 5, where its main grinding occurs due to the centrifugal pressure of the roller 9. All the rollers 9 are mounted on the forks 8 independently of each other, so the uneven thickness of the layer of material being ground on one roller 9 is not affects the work of other videos 9.

To obtain finer grinding, several similarly made coils 7 with rollers 9 can be installed inside the stator. Gradually waking up between them, the source material acquires the required dispersion, enters the outlet funnel 12 and leaves the mill.

The possibility of industrial application of the claimed technical solution is confirmed by the known and described in the application by means of which it is possible to carry out the invention in the form described in the claims. The claimed method can be implemented using well-known technical means, which determines, according to the applicant, its compliance with the condition of "industrial applicability".

Using the claimed solution in comparison with all known means of a similar purpose provides the following advantages;

- great performance;

- the possibility of changing the dispersion of the grinding:

- less dependence of grinding on the moisture content of the starting material;

- reliability and long MTBF.

Claims (4)

1. Inertial mill for solid materials, containing a hollow stator, loading and unloading devices, as well as a set of grinding bodies, characterized in that the grinding bodies are mounted on a rotating rotor located in the stator cavity and equipped with a drive and made in the form of freely rotating rollers, the axes of which reinforced with the ability to move under the action of centrifugal forces in a position in which the approach or interaction of the outer surface of the roller with the inner surface of the stator is ensured. 2. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the rollers are placed in forks installed between the cheeks of at least one coil rigidly fixed to the rotor with the possibility of moving relative to them under the action of centrifugal forces. 3. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the rollers in the upper and lower parts are conical. 4. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with means providing a minimum clearance between the outer surface of the rollers and the inner surface of the stator.

Images