RU2352403C2 - Milk skimming machine with turbo-jet hydraulic actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: proposed centrifugal separator for separating milk into fractions comprises a separation drum and its hydraulic actuator. The shaft of the separation drum is hollow and interlocks with the hydraulically actuated part. The hydraulically actuated part is in form of coaxially fitted on the hollow shaft and hydraulically series-connected turbine and reactive components, rotated by a hydraulic fluid pressure flow from a tractor hydraulic system.

EFFECT: possibility of using the skimming machine on non-electrified grasing lands of small farms.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and is intended for the mechanization of the primary processing of milk on cattle farms, mainly farms.

Appointment of the device: the separation of milk into fractions - cream and return - in the summer-pasture period at non-electrified summer camps and in areas with unstable power supply.

Known centrifugal separator for separating liquid into light and heavy fractions (patent SU 270639, B04B 1/08, 01/01/1970) includes a separation drum mounted on the shaft and its electrified drive. The disadvantage of the above separator is an electrified drive, which limits the use of the device.

As the closest analogue for the claimed invention, a separator for separating milk into fractions with a hydraulic drive (patent RU 2201806 C2, 7B04B 1/08, 10/10/2002), which includes a separation drum mounted on a fixed hollow axis, and its drive unit. The latter contains tubes mounted on the drum body with nozzles located outside the body at an angle of 90 degrees in the horizontal plane and creating a reactive force for the rotation of the drum. The hollow axis is divided inside by a partition into the lower and upper parts with holes. The lower part of the axis serves to supply milk to the drum, and the upper - to drain the cream. The input part of the tubes with nozzles is located in the accumulation zone of the charge for its removal during the separation process.

Separation of milk into fractions, achieved by rotating the separator separator drum by means of a hydraulic drive with a jet nozzle engine mounted in the drum, the working fluid of which is simultaneously a product to be separated. The invention as a prototype is aimed at ensuring the separation of fractions of the working fluid into the working fluid itself and the product divided into fractions, as well as increasing the separator performance by increasing the rotational speed of the drum, provided by a hydraulically-driven hydraulically sequential device including a hollow shaft, in the lower part of which a hydraulic pipe is located and at the top - the reactive component, driven by the working fluid supplied under pressure initially e to the turbine part, and from there to the reactive part through the hollow shaft. The muffled end face of the upper part of the hollow shaft has a device that provides engagement with the drum shaft, with which the torque of the hydraulic power device is transmitted to the drum shaft. The product is fed to the separation and output components in the drum from above, and the working fluid under pressure to rotate the hydraulic power device is provided by the tractor hydraulic system.

The separator operates as follows. Milk under pressure passes through the pipeline into the hollow axis, from there it moves through the holes into the separation space of the drum through the cavity of the plate holder. When the drum is filled, part of the milk enters the tubes and is thrown out through nozzles located outside the drum base at an angle of 90 degrees in the horizontal plane, and creates a reactive force for its rotation. Subsequently, upon reaching the required speed through the nozzle, the return begins to come out, and through the upper part of the hollow axis of the cream.

The disadvantage of the above milk separator is the need to combine in one cavity of the separation drum the separation and pressure-moving functions, in addition, an electrified pressure system is required to create a head, which limits the use only at milk processing plants having electrified milk pumps that provide the necessary pressure to achieve the required speed .

The objective of the present invention is to create a separator for separating milk into fractions, which would be reliable in operation, had a simple design and the ability to use on non-electrified pastures of small farms.

EFFECT: possibility of using a separator on non-electrified pastures of small farms in the presence of a tractor with a hydraulic drive.

The technical result of the invention is realized due to the fact that the centrifugal separator for separating milk into fractions includes a separation drum and its hydroficated drive, according to the invention, the separation drum shaft is hollow and engages with a hydraulic part, which is a turbine and hydraulically connected in series with the turbine and reactive components driven into rotation by a pressure fluid flow from a tractor hydraulic system.

A milk separator with a turbojet hydraulic drive, consisting (Fig. 1) of frame 1, injection high pressure 2 and return 3 high-pressure hoses, pressure gauge 4, turbine chamber 5, bypass circuit 6, bypass chamber 7, reaction chamber 19, drain pipe 25, cream outlet pipe 10, outlet branch pipe 11, shut-off valve 12. The device is driven directly from the tractor hydraulic system.

The separator drive (Fig. 2) consists of a discharge circuit 13, a turbine chamber housing 14, a turbine 15, a turbine chamber housing cover 16, a bypass chamber 7, a drive hollow shaft 17, a channel 18, a jet chamber housing 19, a lower part of a jet hydraulic engine with nozzles 20, the housing of the jet hydraulic motor 21, the engaging drive hollow shaft 22, the separation drum 23, the receiving device 24. Bearings are installed to ensure smooth operation of the drive, and seals are installed to ensure tightness.

The separator operates as follows: from the tractor hydraulic system through a high pressure hose 2 (Fig. 1, 2) and nozzle 13, hydraulic fluid under pressure is supplied to the cavity of the turbine chamber 5, driving the turbine 15 in rotational motion, the pressure in the discharge circuit shows a pressure gauge 4. From the cavity by the turbine of the chamber 5 through the bypass channel 6, the drive fluid enters the bypass cavity 7. A hollow shaft 17 is coaxially connected to the turbine 15 by a spline connection, onto which a jet hydraulic motor is installed, consisting of a lower part with nozzles 20 and rpusa 21. The hollow shaft 17 rotates with angular velocity ω (3) starting to rotate the hydraulic motor coaxially mounted reactive due to adhesion forces. From the turbine chamber 5, hydraulically sequentially through the channel 6, the drive fluid enters the bypass cavity 7, then through the channel 18 in the hollow shaft 17 into the cavity of the jet hydraulic motor enclosed between the lower part of the jet hydraulic motor and the cover, creating pressure. When the working pressure is reached, the drive fluid is ejected from the nozzles 20, causing the jet hydraulic motor 21 to rotate, which rotates with an angular velocity ω. The principle of matching the turbine and the jet engine is shown in figure 3. Then, the drive fluid through the drain channel 25 is returned to the tractor hydraulic system tank, then circulating along the circuit: hydraulic system tank - pump - turbine chamber 5 - bypass cavity 7 - reaction chamber 20 - tank 11. Moreover, the diameter of the drain channel 25 must be at least four times the diameter of the discharge circuit 13 to ensure the effect of the “falling jet”. Torque is transmitted to the shaft of the separation drum 23, made engaging with the hydraulic part. The shaft of the separating drum is made engaging with a hydraulic drive part, which is a turbine and a reactive component coaxially mounted on the hollow shaft and hydraulically connected in series, driven into rotation by the pressure fluid flow from the tractor hydraulic system. Upon reaching the working revolutions of the separation drum 23, passing through a package of conical plates, the milk is divided into a return and cream, which are removed from the nozzles 10 and 11.

The advantages of this dairy separator with a turbojet hydraulic drive are: the absence of overrunning clutches and gears in the drive part, which facilitates the manufacture of the separator, its design is simplified, making it possible to use in non-electrified areas and summer pastures.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal separator for dividing milk into fractions, including a separation drum and its hydroficated drive, characterized in that the separation drum shaft is hollow and engages with a hydraulic drive part, which is rotationally connected turbine and reactive components coaxially mounted on the hollow shaft and rotationally connected pressure flow of fluid from the tractor hydraulic system.

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