RU2350870C1 - Cooling tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention deals with design of contact coolers (such as cooler towers) and may be of relevance in view of providing for the recooling needs of thermal power stations. The cooling tower consists of a stack with air inlet windows arranged on the side surface fitted with coolant air injection nozzles. In the windows there are louvers arranged slanting in the tower inside direction. The louvers form tiered ducts with the nozzles positioned before the ducts entrances. The injector nozzles are of the centrifugal type; each of them is composed of a body with a chamber arranged therein containing an external helical groove auger. In the body bottom there is an orifice hole arranged with a straight hole socket pipe mounted in the body upper part. Inside the auger there is a threaded hole arranged with the thread direction being either incidental or contrary to that of the auger external helical groove. Under the auger there is a mixing chamber positioned composed of a cylindrical and a tapered parts. The auger is rigidly fixed to a T-shaped throttle plate, the latter having at least three orifice holes arranged in its cylindrical butt part and a single orifice hole arranged in its axial cylindrical part fixedly attached to the cylindrical butt one. Specification of the orifice holes flow is done depending on properties of the liquid to be sprayed and the applicable liquid atomisation degree requirements. The nozzle auger is fabricated of a hard material such as tungsten carbide, ruby or sapphire.

EFFECT: cooling tower performance improvement.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to contact coolers, in particular to cooling towers, and can be used at thermal power plants for cooling circulating water.

The closest technical solution to the claimed facility is a cooling tower on.with. USSR No. 435442, С02В 1/10 dated 04.07.72, comprising a tower, on the lateral surface of which there are air inlet windows with nozzles for ejecting cooling air, moreover, the windows have louvres tilted into the cooling tower, forming channels arranged in tiers, and the nozzles are placed in front of the inlet necks the latter (prototype).

The disadvantage of the cooling tower is the relatively low efficiency due to the low degree of atomization of the liquid nozzles.

The technical result is an increase in the performance of the tower.

This is achieved by the fact that the tower contains a tower, on the lateral surface of which there are air inlet windows with nozzles for ejecting cooling air, and the windows have louvres tilted inside the cooling tower, forming channels arranged in tiers, and the nozzles are placed in front of the inlet necks of the latter. According to the invention, the nozzles are made centrifugal, each of which contains a housing with a chamber, in which there is a screw with a screw external groove, and a throttle hole is made in the bottom of the body, and a fitting with a cylindrical hole is placed in the upper part, and a screw-threaded hole is made inside the screw, whose direction is either opposite or along the direction of the screw outer groove of the screw, and under the screw there is a mixing chamber consisting of a cylindrical and conical parts, the screw being is connected to a T-shaped throttle washer, in the end cylindrical part of which at least three throttle openings are made, and in the axially cylindrical part rigidly connected to it, an axial throttle bore, and the hydraulic resistance of the throttle openings is selected depending on the properties of the sprayed liquid and the required degree of spraying. The nozzle auger is made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a cooling tower, figure 2 is a General view of a centrifugal nozzle for spraying liquid.

The cooling tower comprises a tower 1 having a trapezoid in cross section. On the side surface of the tower there are air inlet windows in which the louvers 2, inclined into the cooling tower, are installed, forming rectangular channels 3. In front of the inlet necks of the channels 3, collectors 4 are placed for supplying cooled liquid.

The centrifugal nozzle (figure 2) consists of a housing 7, inside which is located the screw 8. The outer surface of the screw 8 is a helical groove with a right (or left) thread. Inside the screw 8, a hole 17 is made with a left (or right) screw thread. At the bottom of the housing 7, a throttle hole 15 is made, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the hole 17 in the screw 8. Between the lower end of the screw 8 and the slice of the throttle hole 15 there is a mixing chamber consisting of a cylindrical 14 and a conical 16 parts.

The screw 8 is rigidly connected with a T-shaped throttle washer 11, in the end cylindrical part 10 of which at least three throttle holes 12 are made, and in the axially cylindrical part rigidly connected to it an axial throttle hole 19. The hydraulic resistance of the throttle holes 12 and 19 It is selected depending on the properties of the sprayed liquid and the required degree of spray.

The supply of the solution (liquid) is carried out through the hole in the fitting 13, mounted in the upper part of the housing 7 through the end cylindrical part 10 of the T-shaped throttle washer 11.

Centrifugal nozzles 5 are staggered. At the bottom of the tower is a reservoir 6 for collecting chilled water.

The cooling tower works as follows.

The cooling air is ejected by the supplied water, first in the channels formed by the blinds 2, and then in the tower 1 there is heat and mass transfer between the air and the cooled water. The use of centrifugal nozzles 5 with a uniform spray of liquid allows to obtain high ejection coefficients. The separation of moisture from the air takes place in a trapezoidal tower 1 due to a gradual decrease in the air velocity at the outlet.

A centrifugal nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

The fluid is supplied through an opening in the fitting 13 and through a T-shaped throttle washer 11 enters simultaneously in two directions: firstly, into the screw outer cavity 18 of the screw 8 through the throttle holes 12 and, secondly, into the hole 17 with a screw thread through the throttle hole 19. A rotating fluid stream from the screw outer cavity 18 of the screw 8 enters the mixing chamber, consisting of a cylindrical 14 and a conical 16 parts. On the other hand, liquid enters the mixing chamber from the screwed hole 17, rotating in the direction opposite to the external flow going through the screw 8, or making a passing (identical) rotation. In the interaction of rotating flows in the mixing chamber, additional droplets of liquid are crushed due to their collision in associated or opposite rotating liquid flows (external and internal). The total finely divided rotating stream exits through the throttle hole 15, and the direction of its rotation is determined by the hydraulic resistance of the external 18 or internal screw cavities 17 of the screw 8, respectively.

The nozzle screw 8 can be made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire. With an average diameter of the throttle hole 15, which is in the range of 2.5 ... 3.5 mm, and a fluid pressure of 6 ... 9 MPa, atomization of 400 to 1000 kg / h of fluid is ensured. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain.

Claims (2)

1. A cooling tower comprising a tower, on the side surface of which there are air inlet windows with nozzles for ejecting cooling air, the windows having louvres tilted inward of the cooling tower and forming channels arranged in tiers, and the nozzles are placed in front of the mouths of the latter, characterized in that the nozzles are made of centrifugal each of which contains a housing with a chamber in which a screw with a screw external groove is located, moreover, a throttle hole is made in the bottom of the housing, and in the upper part n fitting with a cylindrical hole, and a screw hole is made inside the screw, the direction of which is either opposite or along the direction of the screw outer groove of the screw, and under the screw there is a mixing chamber consisting of a cylindrical and conical parts, the screw being rigidly connected to the T-shaped throttle washer, in the end cylindrical part of which at least three throttle holes are made, and in the axially cylindrical part rigidly connected to it, an axial throttle hole, and the hydra the effective resistance of the throttle openings is selected depending on the properties of the sprayed liquid and the required degree of spray. 2. The cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle screw is made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.

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