RU2349417C2 - Method and facility for rotating of metallurgical ladle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns metallurgy field and can be used for overthrowing of metallurgical ladles. Facility of ladle rotating from the vertical position into horizontal contains two rocker, with two running ends of each and receiving device in the form of cradles, each of it is installed at one running end of each rocker. While installation of ladle into receiving devices it is going on rockers rotation by circular arc and ladle dumping pivot turn of its pin. Rotation of metallurgical ladle implemented at the expense of appeared moment of gravity while mounting of ladle into receiving device, provides reduction of repair time and ladle maintenance.

EFFECT: providing of power inputs reduction, facility design simplification.

26 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for overturning metallurgical ladles by means of pins mounted rotatably on a suspension device, in particular casting ladles.

Such devices for overturning metallurgical ladles, in particular casting ladles, suspended for pivoting pins, are called tilting tables or tilting tables for casting ladles, numerous design options of which are known from the prior art. Such tilting tables are used in metallurgical production in steelmaking.

In steelmaking, metallurgical tanks, in particular casting ladles, are used to transport liquid steel. In the case of casting ladles, we are talking about lined containers of ladles, which in their upper part have two hanging trunnions, with the help of which the ladle is suspended with the possibility of rotation. Concerning suspension devices, we can talk about hooks or similar means that take up the load on a crane or similar lifting equipment, which, or with the help of which, grabs the trunnions of a metallurgical bucket with the possibility of turning this bucket. Casting ladles are usually transported using a crane or similar handling equipment. When transporting the casting ladle using a crane, the grip is made by crane hooks connected through the beam with a crane lifting gear. The hanging trunnions of the casting bucket are located in its upper part so that, due to the location of the hanging trunnions on the casting ladle, the center of gravity of the bucket is always located under the trunnions, respectively, with the axles of the trunnions, so that the casting ladle suspended by means of suspensions is always in the vertical position.

In the bottom part of the casting ladle, a shutter is usually mounted for the release of liquid steel, the so-called bucket gate, as well as the so-called purge plug, which serves to purge the steel melt with an inert gas to homogenize the steel melt. The bucket gate is used for pouring melt into molds or into injection molding machines. The bucket closure has, as a rule, various ceramic, in particular refractory, ceramic wearing parts. After each casting, the ceramic wearing parts of the slide gate of the bucket are cleaned, they are checked and, if necessary, replaced. After a certain period of time, significant maintenance or repair work should be carried out, such as replacing the bucket shutter or replacing the purge plug.

These works on the bottom of the bucket, which require costs both in terms of personnel and means of production, are preceded by significant preparatory work, in particular, maintenance and repair of the bucket shutter and purge plugs. Casting ladles in metallurgical production, as a rule, should be transported over a large distance to adjacent rooms remote from the steel production workshop and there, for work on the bottom of the casting ladle, to be turned over from vertical to horizontal. For preparatory work on the bottom of the bucket, it is also necessary to involve significant personnel and bear high production costs, in particular on a crane, trolleys and similar equipment. This work is time consuming because the temperature (lining temperature), which was previously low, must rise again after the repair work so that the casting ladle can be used again accordingly. Among the transport problems to be solved in metallurgical production, in particular steel production, there should be the task of having a significant fleet of casting ladles heated to appropriate operating temperatures.

It is known that casting ladles for carrying out work on the bottom are inverted from a vertical position to a horizontal position using a crane with two lifting devices, respectively, when two lifts are carried out. In this case, the casting bucket, suspended in a vertical position on its suspension devices on the crane, is hooked with a second hook in the region of the bottom, is turned 90 ° around the axis of its trunnions in the air and is thus transferred to a horizontal position. Then the pouring ladle, which is in a horizontal position, is placed on the stand. This method is unprofitable and contains the danger that arises from manipulations in the air with a casting bucket that weighs 120 tons or more.

Further, a method is known in which casting ladles are moved from vertical to horizontal by using a tipping device - the so-called tilting table. At the same time, the casting bucket hanging on its suspension devices in a vertical position on the crane is placed with the help of a crane in the vertical position in the receiving pockets of the tipping device receiving the hanging devices of the casting bucket, and then, independently of the crane, is turned or tipped over into a horizontal position by means of a hydraulic and / or electromechanical drive. Drives and devices for holding the casting bucket of the tilting tables known so far require space, require labor and, in addition, have a significant cost.

In view of this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus for overturning metallurgical ladles suspended pivotally on trunnions, in particular casting ladles, eliminating the disadvantages described above, making it possible to turn casting ladles economically, simply and quickly, and, in particular, to make excessive use of actuators or a second crane hook.

The task according to the invention is solved due to the fact that the metallurgical ladle is turned from vertical to horizontal around the axis of the pins using the force of gravity acting on it.

The invention is based on the knowledge that a metallurgical ladle without any drive can simply, reliably and quickly turn around the axis of its pins and roll over from a vertical to a horizontal position using gravity acting on the casting ladle.

The invention allows for maintenance and repair of the bottom of the casting ladle, required during melting processes in the framework of steel production in the metallurgical industry, using the necessary units in this case in the shortest possible time. The auxiliary equipment used for these works in the bottom part of the casting bucket and inside it, such as, for example, devices for mounting and dismounting shaped bricks with a hole for the release of metal on one side of the bucket outlet, purge plug, bucket slide gate and ceramic shutter parts, laser measuring devices with or without shotcrete means and devices for cleaning the refractory lining of a casting ladle can be used according to the invention in the quickest manner. Furthermore, according to the invention, a horizontally burning torch can be applied as quickly as possible.

Advantageously, the metallurgical ladle hangs, at least when it is inverted by means of its suspension devices, on a carrier means or on a load-bearing means. Due to the fact that the weight of the metallurgical bucket is held by a crane, the corresponding receiving devices on the ground receiving the metallurgical bucket take up correspondingly less load, they can move and therefore require less cost. Further, this increases the safety when handling a metallurgical ladle, in particular when the metallurgical ladle, when turned over from a vertical position to a horizontal position, hangs on a crane.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a metallurgical ladle hanging in a vertical position on a crane on its suspension devices, on a carrier means or on a load receiving means is turned into a horizontal position due to the action of gravity on it during lowering of the ladle by a crane.

In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inverted metallurgical ladle is driven by a drive, preferably by a cable drive, which grips, which is particularly preferable to the area under the bottom of the metallurgical ladle, rotates around the axis of its trunnions and moves from a horizontal position to a substantially vertical position. According to the invention, it is possible to turn the metallurgical ladle upside down almost “upside down”, so that the bottom is at the top, this is necessary, for example, to clean it or maintain it, since these operations are much easier to carry out when the ladle is in this position.

In the device part, the problem according to the invention is solved by means of two parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other, mounted with the possibility of rotation of the rocker arms, each of which has two free ends, while on one free end of the rocker arm there is a receiving device having the form pockets for installing a suspension device, in particular a trunnion pin of a metallurgical ladle.

Advantageously, a load is located at the other free end of the beam, which is a counterweight to the pocket-shaped receiving device located on the opposite end of the beam, and provides a state of readiness of the rocker with their receiving devices in the form of pockets for installing the metallurgical bucket in an unloaded condition. In another embodiment of the invention, the other free end of the beam is engaged with a pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder, which creates a holding force in place of the load or acts as a load.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the moment created at the free end of the rocker arm having a pocket-shaped receiving device for installing the suspension device or trunnion of the metallurgical ladle, when the metallurgical ladle is not yet installed, is less than the moment created at the other free end by the load and / or pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder. It is preferable that the moment created at the free end of the rocker arm having a pocket-shaped receiving device for installing the suspension device or trunnion of the metallurgical ladle, when the metallurgical ladle is installed, is greater than the moment created at the other free end of the rocker arm with cargo and / or pneumatic and / or hydraulic cylinder.

Rockers preferably have in the area of the other free end of the grip, interacting with the stops located on a metallurgical ladle. The grippers enter when lowering the metallurgical bucket into receiving devices having the form of pockets for such an arrangement of the suspension device or trunnion of the metallurgical ladle relative to the stops located on the metallurgical ladle that when lowering the ladle the lower part of the ladle still rotates.

Advantageously, pockets-shaped receiving devices for mounting a suspension device or a trunnion of a metallurgical ladle are mounted rotatably at the free end of the beam. Due to this, pockets-shaped receiving devices, when rotating or turning the beam, move in such a way that they are always in a vertical position, suitable for installing a suspension device or trunnion of a metallurgical bucket. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the free end of the rocker arm having a pocket-shaped receiver for mounting suspension devices or trunnions of a metallurgical bucket has means for positioning a pocket-shaped receiver in a position suitable for installing a suspension device or trunnions of a metallurgical ladle, mainly a stop limiting movement of the receiving device in the form of a pocket.

In another embodiment, means are provided for restricting the movement of the rocker arms, which, in particular, could hold them in a certain way and reliably in a vertical or horizontal position. Preferably, the means is represented by a stop interacting with the free end of the beam, having a pocket-shaped receiver for installing a suspension device or trunnion of a metallurgical ladle, and a stop, interacting with the other free end of the beam, mainly with the one on which the load is located.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, means are provided for adjusting the horizontal and / or vertical position of the metallurgical bucket mounted in a pocket-shaped receiving device. With the help of these means, if necessary, for example, accurate orientation of the metallurgical bucket installed in the receiving devices in the form of pockets can be carried out, and, in particular, the bottom of the metallurgical ladle can be installed in a vertical position. Preferably, such means are short-stroke devices, preferably short-stroke devices with a hydraulic and / or electromechanical drive, which are located under the pocket-shaped receiving devices and / or are an emphasis restricting the movement of the rocker arm, which can be adjusted in height, for example, a plunger hydraulic cylinder.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides means for guiding the movement of the rocker arms and / or pockets of receiving devices. Preferably, the rocker arms and / or pockets-shaped receivers have at least one bearing, preferably a roller bearing, which during the movement of the rocker arms and / or pockets-shaped receivers moves along an arcuate curve, thereby securing the receiving devices, that the suspension devices of the metallurgical bucket move perpendicular to the ground. Thanks to the guiding means, the movement of the rocker arms and / or receiving devices in the form of pockets, and thus the suspension devices of the metallurgical bucket when it is turned over, is reliably carried out.

In another embodiment of the invention, the rocker arms are connected to each other mainly by means of grippers interacting with stops located on a metallurgical ladle. Due to this, it is possible to provide synchronous rotation of both rocker arms.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the rocker arms are mounted in a single frame, predominantly made of steel, and are mounted predominantly eccentrically with a deviation from the center of gravity of the rocker arm. In a preferred manner, the beds are rigidly mounted on a foundation plate. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the device is suitable for transportation and for this it can advantageously be transported using a crane, perceiving the load, or using a floor conveyor. It also has the advantage that the base plate can be made curved so that a pit can be located between the beds.

Advantageously, the device has a working means and devices for servicing and / or repairing a metallurgical bucket, mainly devices for dismantling and assembling a final stone, a drain hole of a metallurgical ladle, a purge stone, a ladle shutter and a ceramic lining for the ladle shutter, laser measuring devices with and / or without shotcrete means and devices for cleaning the refractory lining of a metallurgical ladle.

Other details, features and advantages of the invention follow from the description below with reference to the drawings, in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is schematically shown.

Figure 1 shows an example of a ladle for casting steel according to the prior art, front view;

figure 2 is a side view of the ladle for casting steel according to figure 1;

figure 3 is an example of the proposed device for turning over the casting ladle, side view;

figure 4 is a front view of the device of figure 3;

figure 5 is a side view of the device according to figure 3 and 4 with a ladle for casting steel according to figure 1 and 2 before overturning, suspended on the hooks of the crane;

in Fig.6 is a side view of the device according to Fig.3 and 4 with a suspended ladle for casting steel according to Fig.1 and 2 after overturning and

Fig.7 is a side view of another example of the proposed device for turning over the ladle for casting steel with a ladle installed on it according to Figs. 1 and 2 after being turned over.

1 and 2 show a ladle 1 for casting steel, known from the prior art. The metallurgical casting ladle 1 is mounted with the possibility of rotation in the suspension devices 3 with the help of pins located in the upper part on the opposite sides of the ladle 1. In the lower part of the metallurgical ladle 1 there are stops 4 on its opposite sides, designed to guide and / or position the metallurgical ladle 1 .

Figure 3 and 4 shows a device for overturning the ladle 1 for casting steel according to figures 1 and 2 from a vertical to a horizontal position. The device consists of two parallel to each other, spaced apart from each other at a distance and mounted to rotate about an axis 10 in the frame 5 of the rocker arm 6. The rocker arms in this case have two rocker arms made in the form of L, located to each other mainly under right angle, each of which has free ends E1, respectively, E2. At the free end E1, the rocker arm 6 is rotatably mounted about an axis 9 with a receiving device 8 having the shape of a pocket for mounting the suspension devices 3 of the metallurgical bucket 1. At the other free end E2 of the rocker arm 6 is a load 15.

The levers of the rocker arm 6, in particular the distance a between the axis of the rocker arm 10 and the axis 9 of the receiving device 8, having the shape of a pocket, mainly in the form of U for the installation of the suspension device 3 of the metallurgical bucket 1 and the distance b between the axis of the rocker arm 10 and the load, have such dimensions and made in such a way that the moment created at the free end E1 of the rocker arm 6, having a receiving device 8 in the form of a pocket for installing the suspension device 3 of the metallurgical bucket 1, is less and when the metallurgical ladle 1 is placed, more than the moment created on the other free end E2 of the rocker arm 6 with the load 15.

The rockers 6 have in the region of the other free end E2 on the corresponding lever of the rocker arm a grip 7 that interacts with the stops 4 located on the metallurgical bucket 1. Further, the rockers have in the region of the free end E1 on the corresponding lever a stop 11, restricting the movement of the receiving device 8 in the form of a pocket under the installation of the suspension device 3 of the metallurgical bucket 1, with the help of which the receiving device 8 in the form of a pocket mounted with the possibility of rotation around the axis 9 at the free end E1 of the rocker arm 6 can rzhivatsya in a position suitable for installation of hanging unit 3 metallurgical ladle 1.

The frames 5 are made of steel and are firmly welded to the foundation plate 14, also made of steel, and / or fastened to screws. The distance between the beds 5 is chosen so that a metallurgical bucket 1 can be placed between them. The beds 5 have a stop 13 that interacts with the free end E1 of the rocker arm 6, having a pocket-shaped receiving device for installing the suspension device 3 of the metallurgical bucket 1, and a stop 12, the rocker 6 interacting with the other free end E2 with the load 12. The stops 12 and 13 serve to limit the movement of the rocker 6.

The rocker arms 6, mounted with the possibility of rotation, are pressed by the load 15 against the stop 12. In this position, the stops 11 fix the receiving devices 8 in the form of pockets that are mounted with the possibility of rotation in a position in which suspension devices 3 of the ladle 1 for casting steel can be installed in them. This is due to the fact that in the position for installing the rocker arm 6, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the moment equal to the product of the load 15 by the distance b is greater than the moment equal to the product of the weight of the receiver 8 by the distance a. When installing a ladle for casting steel 1, which with its mass vertically presses from top to bottom on receiving pocket-shaped devices with a force F and creates a significantly larger moment than the moment equal to the product of the load 15 by distance b, as a result of which the rocker arms 6 rotate around the axis of the rocker arm 10 along an arc of a circle or a section of a circular arc, while receiving devices 8 having the shape of pockets, due to their installation with the possibility of rotation around axis 9 with correspondingly fixed hanging bucket in them 3 devices always remain in an upright position.

Ladle 1 for casting steel, hanging on the hooks of the crane, lowered by a crane and with suspension devices 3 is installed in the receiving device 8, having the form of pockets. The rockers 6, respectively, receiving devices 8, having the shape of pockets, under the action of the load move downward, describing a circular arc or a section of a circular arc, in the present case, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, counterclockwise. On this arc, respectively, the section of the circular arc is the path of lowering the crane with the movement of the crane truck. The grips of the ladle 7 respectively describe together with the lower part of the ladle for casting steel 1 an arc of a circle upwards, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, counterclockwise. After the bucket turned 90 ° and took a horizontal position, receiving devices 8, having the form of pockets, are fixed after unloading the crane from the load, on the stop 13 for receiving devices and hanging devices 3 are rigidly fixed in receiving devices 8, and the ladle 1 for casting steel is in horizontal position. The crane can remove or remove its hooks from the suspension devices 3.

The bucket is lifted in the reverse order. The crane hooks are installed in the suspension devices 3 and the ladle for casting is lifted. During lifting, the crane moves along an arc of a circle with a crane truck.

Without an intermediate stop, the crane can lift the ladle for casting steel from the device. This can be done, for example, in the main production workshop of a metallurgical plant in the shortest way in the framework of steel production, and a turning device can be installed at the end of the workshop where it is possible to make a running truck of a crane. Buckets to be repaired or serviced can be turned over during lowering without loss of time so that the bottom of the bucket is located under the crane tracks. Maintenance and repair of the bottom of the bucket is also possible without additional transport and additional manipulations and outside the area of movement of the crane.

When replacing, for example, the slide gate of a bucket with conventional technology, it takes about two hours to work itself and another two hours to warm up the bucket, when using the device for turning the bucket over, it takes much less time, from five to ten minutes, so the possibility of using steel casting ladle can grow up to about four hours. Accordingly, the number of ladles for casting steel, floor conveyors, cranes, ladle burners, personnel, etc. is significantly reduced.

In the example embodiment of the device shown in Fig.7, which shows the ladle 1 for casting steel in an inverted state, the device for turning the ladle 1 for casting steel in Figs. 1 and 2 from a vertical position to a horizontal one, stop 13 restricting the movement of the rocker arm 6 respectively, pockets-shaped receiving devices 8 are formed by means of a plunger cylinder 16 as a height-adjustable short-stroke device, in particular, to enable installation of the bottom part 17 of the ladle 1 for casting with Ali vertically relative to the foundation plate 14, respectively, to the earth's surface.

Presented on the drawing, examples of execution serve only the purposes of explaining the invention and are not limitations on it.

List of items

1. Metallurgical bucket / casting bucket

2. Trunnions (metallurgical bucket / casting bucket (1))

3. Suspension devices (metallurgical bucket / casting bucket (1))

4. An emphasis (a metallurgical ladle / casting ladle (1))

5. Bed

6. Rocker

7. Capture (emphasis (4), rocker (6))

8. Pocket shaped receiver

9. Axis (receiving device 8)

10. Axis (rocker 6)

11. An emphasis (the receiving device having the form of a pocket (8))

12. Emphasis (cargo (15), rocker (6))

13. Emphasis (receiving device (8), rocker (6))

14. Foundation plate

15. Cargo

16. Short stroke device / plunger cylinder

17. Bottom (metallurgical bucket / casting bucket (1))

a) Distance (axis (10), axis (9) / receiving device (8) having the shape of a pocket)

b) Distance (axis (10), load (15))

E1) Free end (receiving device (8), rocker (6))

E2) Free end (load (15), rocker (6))

F) force action

Claims (26)

1. A method of overturning a metallurgical ladle (1) mounted rotatably with pins (2) into suspension means (3), comprising turning a metallurgical ladle from a vertical position to a horizontal axis around its axles (2), characterized in that the metallurgical ladder the bucket (1) from a vertical position to a horizontal is carried out due to the occurring moment of gravity when installing the bucket in the receiving device (8). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension means (3) of the metallurgical ladle (1) are made with the possibility of support, at least when the metallurgical ladle is tipped over on a supporting means or on a means that receives a load. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metallurgical bucket (1) from a vertical position is turned into a horizontal position during the process of lowering the bucket. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallurgical bucket (1) is moved from a horizontal position to a vertical position by rotation around the axis of its pins (2), carried out by means of a drive mainly of a cable drive, preferably capturing the area under the bottom part (17) of the metallurgical bucket (1). 5. A device for overturning a metallurgical bucket (1) mounted rotatably with pins (2) in suspension means (3), characterized in that it is provided with two rocker arms (6) with two free ends (E1, E2) each, located at a distance from each other and installed with the possibility of rotation, while at one free end (E1) of each rocker arm (6) there is a receiving device (8), having the shape of a pocket, designed to install a suspension means (3) or trunnion (2) metallurgical bucket (1). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that at the free end (E2) of the rocker arm (6) is a load (15). 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the free end (E2) of the rocker arm (6) is connected to a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that before installing the metallurgical bucket (1), the moment of gravity created at the free end (E1) of the rocker arm (6) is less than the moment of gravity created on another free the end (E2) of the rocker arm (6) with a load or a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. 9. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the moment of gravity created by the installed metallurgical bucket (1) on the free end (E1) of the rocker arm (6) is greater than the moment of gravity created on the other free end (E2 ) rocker arm (6) with a load or pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. 10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rocker arms (6) in the free end region (E2) are made with a gripper interacting with the stops (4) located on the metallurgical bucket (1). 11. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the receiving device (8) is mounted on the free end (E1) of the rocker arm (6) with the possibility of rotation. 12. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with means (11) for positioning the receiving device (8) in the form of a pocket in a position suitable for installing the suspension means (3) or the trunnion (2) of the metallurgical bucket (1) an emphasis (11) restricting the movement of the receiving device (8) in the form of a pocket located on the free end (E1) of the rocker arm (6). 13. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with means (12, 13) for restricting the movement of the rocker arms (6). 14. The device according to item 13, wherein the means of restricting the movement of the rocker arm are made in the form of a stop (13) with the possibility of interaction with the free end (E1) of the rocker arm (6) and in the form of a stop (12) interacting with the other free end ( E2) rocker arm (6) mainly with a load (15) located on the free end (E2) of the rocker arm (6). 15. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with means for adjusting the horizontal and / or vertical position of the metallurgical bucket (1) installed in the receiving device (8) in the form of pockets. 16. The device according to p. 15, characterized in that the means for adjusting the horizontal and / or vertical position of the metallurgical bucket (1) is made preferably in the form of a short-stroke device (16) having a hydraulic or electromechanical drive, located mainly under the receiving device (8) in the shape of the pocket, and / or in the form of an emphasis (13), made with the possibility of height adjustment and restriction of the movement of the rocker arms (6). 17. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is provided with means for guiding the movement of the rocker arm (6). 18. The device according to 17, characterized in that the rocker arms (6) and / or receiving devices (8) in the form of pockets are equipped with at least one bearing, mainly roller, made with the possibility of movement along an arcuate curve during movement of the rocker arm (6). 19. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rocker arms are connected to each other mainly by means of a gripper (7), made with the possibility of interaction with the stops (4) located on the metallurgical bucket (1). 20. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rocker arms (6) are mounted in the frame (5) predominantly eccentrically, with the possibility of rotation. 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the beds (5) are located on the foundation plate (14). 22. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of transportation using a device that accepts the load, in particular, a crane or floor conveyor. 23. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the receiving devices (8) in the form of pockets are made essentially of a U-shape. 24. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rocker arms (6) are made with two levers, essentially L-shaped, located essentially at right angles to each other. 25. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with a working tool and a device for maintenance and repair of a metallurgical ladle (1), mainly devices for dismantling and mounting the casting nozzle from the outlet of the metallurgical ladle (1), a purge plug, replacing the shutter of the bucket and ceramic parts, laser measuring devices, gunning means and devices for cleaning the refractory lining of a metallurgical ladle (1). 26. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is applicable for implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 4.

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