RU2348573C1 - Medical-technical module of ground-based experimental complex for simulating prolonged space flights - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation, cosmonautics.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for preparing the crew of spacecrafts for long space flights to other planets, particularly Mars. According to the invention, the medical-technical module is a hollow cylinder, which has main (on the side wall) and emergency (at the end) exits. Module contains an accommodation for the laboratory zone and diagnostics, isolator, tambour for passage into the adjacent module, sanitary facilities and kitchen, placed in the assigned order and the isolator contains two sleeping places which are placed one above another.

EFFECT: possibility of isolating sick participants of the experiment of simulating space flight to Mars from the other members, conducting of check-ups on sick participants in a short time without leaving the experiment.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ground modeling of operating space flight factors and can be used to prepare crews of manned spacecraft for long space flights to other planets, in particular to Mars, as well as for biomedical studies of the effect of long space flight on the health and performance of astronauts.

The launch of any spacecraft is preceded by a lengthy procedure for modeling space flight in the corresponding ground-based experimental complex, during which astronauts take a training course in work and interaction in space flight conditions, and also the effect of the simulated flight conditions on the state of crew members is investigated. The ground-based experimental complex is a complex multi-module unit equipped with devices for modeling space flight, which includes a living compartment, a control module, a medical-technical module, etc. The present invention relates to a medical-technical module for the indicated ground-based experimental complex.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is one of the modules, for example, the EU-100 module, which is part of the ground-based experimental complex for modeling long-duration space flights, implemented in the course of the SFINCSS-99 experiment. The data of the SFINCSS-99 experiment and equipment for it are described in the book “Model Experiment with Long-Term Isolation: Problems and Achievements”, ed. V.M. Baranova, Moscow: Slovo, 2001, pp. 23-29. The layout of the complex, as well as the layout of the compartments, is presented on page 28. The EU-100 module contains workstations for staff, sleeping places, and a toilet. The module is equipped with communication and television surveillance systems, means of monitoring the internal atmosphere, etc. If necessary, the first medical aid may be provided to the participants of the experiment in the indicated module.

The disadvantage of the existing solution, briefly described above, is that with a serious illness of one of the participants in the experiment, there is a need for its withdrawal from the experiment. This may lead to the impossibility of further experiment.

In contrast to the modules included in the complex, which is described in the above source, the module according to the proposed invention is highly specialized and involves the use exclusively for the purpose of biomedical research. Also, as will be described in detail below, according to the proposed invention, the module contains an insulator, which can be placed up to two people at a time.

The technical result of the invention is the ability to isolate up to two participants in an experiment on modeling space flight to Mars in connection with a possible disease, with the possibility of their examination in a short time without removing them from the composition of the experiment participants.

This technical result is achieved through the use of a medical-technical module in the composition of the ground-based experimental complex for modeling long-term space flights, which is a hollow cylinder that has outputs - the first (main) in the side wall and the second (emergency) in the end; the module includes rooms of the laboratory zone and diagnostics, an insulator, a vestibule for transition to the neighboring module, a bathroom and a kitchen, the insulator adjacent to the blind end of the module on one side, and the opposite side to one of the sides of the diagnostic room, which is its second side, opposite to the first, adjacent to one of the sides of the laboratory area, which, in turn, its second side, opposite to the first, adjacent to the kitchen and vestibule; the kitchen on one side adjoins the laboratory area, the opposite side - on the bathroom, the third side - on the vestibule; the tambour on one side adjoins the kitchen and the bathroom, on the other side to the laboratory area, while in the side wall of the cylinder, a portion of which is located in the tambour, a main exit gateway is made, and in the wall of the cylinder end, a portion of which is in the tambour, is made emergency exit gateway; the bathroom is on one side adjacent to the kitchen, on the other, opposite, to the end of the module, in which the emergency exit hole is made; the insulator contains two berths, which are located one above the other.

The hollow cylinder that forms the medical-technical module can be made with a length of 11.9 m and a diameter of 3.2 m. The interior of the laboratory area of the medical-technical module can be installed close to the side walls of the room. In addition, the walls and partitions between the module rooms can be made of stainless steel and wood sheets, the space between them can be filled with soundproofing material, through which metal sleeves with wires and electrical cables, communication cables and equipment cables are laid; the floor can be made of aluminum panels covered with leather; internal doors between rooms can be made in the form of sliding wardrobes and are made of multilayer plywood; furniture can be made of wood with metal elements.

Brief Description of the Drawings:

figure 1 is a structural diagram of a biomedical module;

figure 2 is a General diagram of a ground-based experimental complex.

Shown in figure 1, the biomedical module is made in the form of a hollow cylinder located horizontally. The length is 11.9 m, the diameter is 3.2 m. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the rooms are located inside the module as follows: at the dead end there is an insulator 21, a diagnostic room 16 is adjacent to it, then the laboratory area 11 is next, then kitchen 7 and a vestibule room 1, divided by a partition with a bathroom 4. The module contains the premises of the vestibule 1 for transition to the neighboring module. In the side wall of the cylinder, the section of which is located in the vestibule room, there is a gateway 2 of the main exit, through which the biomedical module is connected with the living room of the experimental complex 24. In addition, the ground experimental complex also includes an economic module 25 and a takeoff and landing module 26 (see figure 2). Also in the wall of the cylinder end face, a portion of which is located in the vestibule room, there is an emergency exit gateway 3 used to evacuate experiment members in case of emergency situations during the experiment. There is a bathroom room 4 adjacent to the vestibule, which houses a toilet bowl 5 and a washbasin 6. Next, the module has a small kitchen 7. The kitchen has an electric stove 8, a sink 9 and a small refrigerator 10. Thus, the personnel working in the biomedical module will be able to eat, almost without leaving the workplace.

The specialized rooms in the biomedical module are the rooms of the laboratory zone 11, diagnostics 16 and isolator 21. The laboratory zone is the largest in the module - the length is about 5 meters. In this room there is a table with the necessary biological equipment 12 for research, a thermostat 13 for storing biological materials, a vacuum cabinet 14 for conducting research in vacuum, and a rack 15 for storing various instruments and substances. All interior items are adjacent to the side walls of the room, thereby providing free space in the central part for convenient movement of working people. In the diagnostic room 16 there is a bed 17, a universal computer complex 18 for conducting, in particular, ultrasound examination, taking an electrocardiogram, an encephalogram, and also having the necessary software for processing the research results. Also in the room is a small refrigerator compartment 19, as well as a cabinet for storing medicines and medical instruments 20. Due to the limited space inside the cabinet is located on the refrigerator. In the farthest part of the module from the entrance there is a room of insulator 21. A diagnostic room adjoins it. In the premises of the insulator there are two berths 22 (the upper berth is shown in FIG. 1), located one above the other, again with the aim of maximizing the use of limited space. There is a nightstand 23.

The proposed layout of the premises in the module provides the most effective interaction of the participants in the experiment in the process of completing tasks. The location of the insulator in the farthest part of the module provides the patient (patients) located in it with the necessary rest. If it is necessary to diagnose the patient (patients), it is possible to conduct it in the adjoining diagnostic room in the shortest possible time, thereby relieving the patient (patients) of unnecessary physical activity. At the same time, the staff located in the laboratory area has the ability to quickly get to the kitchen and bathroom, without disturbing the staff of the isolation room and diagnostics. These features allow the treatment of up to two participants in the experiment without their withdrawal from the experiment.

The walls of the module are made of food-grade stainless steel to ensure sufficient strength and environmental friendliness. They are faced with wood panels, and the space between the wall and the panels is filled with soundproofing material. Through soundproofing material, cables for electrical wiring, communications, equipment, etc. are laid. The premises of the isolation ward, laboratory area, diagnostics, kitchen, bathroom and vestibule are separated from each other by partitions. The doors between the rooms are made in the form of sliding wardrobes, which ensures optimal “consumption” of the useful internal space of the module. Doors are made of multilayer plywood. The floor is made of aluminum in the form of panels that are covered with leather. Indoor furniture is preferably made of wood using metal fasteners (screws, corners, etc.).

Claims (4)

1. The medical-technical module of the ground-based experimental complex for modeling long-term space flights, which is a hollow cylinder with a main exit in the side wall and an emergency exit at one of the ends, the module includes rooms for the laboratory zone and diagnostics, an insulator, a vestibule for passage to the adjacent module, bathroom and kitchen, the insulator on one side adjacent to the blind end of the module, and the opposite side on one side of the diagnostic room, which with its other side, opposite the first, adjacent to one of the sides of the laboratory area, which, in turn, its second side opposite the first, adjacent to the kitchen and vestibule, the kitchen on one side adjoins the laboratory area, the opposite side to the bathroom, the third side to the vestibule, which on one side adjoins the kitchen and the bathroom, and the other side on the laboratory area, while in the side wall of the cylinder, a portion of which is located in the vestibule, there is a main exit gateway, and in the end wall of the cylinder and, the section of which is located in the vestibule room, an emergency exit gateway is made, the bathroom is on one side adjacent to the kitchen, and on the opposite side to the end of the module, where the emergency exit hole is made, while the insulator contains two sleeping places that are located one above the other. 2. The medical-technical module according to claim 1, in which the hollow cylinder forming it is made with a length of 11.9 m and a diameter of 3.2 m 3. The medical-technical module according to claim 1, in which the interior of the laboratory area is installed close to the side walls of the room. 4. The medical-technical module according to claim 1 or 2, in which the walls and partitions between the rooms of the module are made of stainless steel and wood sheets, the space between them is filled with soundproofing material, through which metal sleeves with wires and electrical cables, communication cables are laid and equipment cables, the floor is made of aluminum panels covered with leather, the internal doors between the rooms are made in the form of sliding wardrobes and are made of multilayer plywood, and the furniture is made of wood with metal elements.

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