RU2347165C1 - Portable industrial berry dryer with air drying agent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: portable industrial berry dryer with air drying agent can be used in forestry during harvesting wild berries without electrical energy usage in case long distances does not allow delivery of the berries to consumers. Portable industrial berry dryer with air drying agent comprises a demountable casing, a heating element, drying screens, product drying control units and drying mode regulators. A forcing pipe and an exhaust pipe for hot air are fixed on the sides of the demountable casing and connected to distribution pipes. The distribution pipes connected to the forcing pipe are equipped with nozzles to supply hot air to the screens, those connected to the exhaust pipe - with tapered slots to let the used hot air into atmosphere; the forcing pipe is connected to hot drying agent of a metal furnace. The nozzles are placed opposite the centre of each screen on the one side and the tapered slots - on the other side.

EFFECT: preservation of the berries picked and preservation of their quality by drying them immediately in the forest.

6 dwg

Description

A portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent refers to the forest industry and can be used in the forest during the collection of wild berries without the use of electrical energy.

State of the art

The authors are aware of analogues of various plants for drying berries, mushrooms and medicinal herbs, but all of them, as a rule, provide for drying berries at home, when the raw berry should be transported home from the forest, and at long transportation distances, which is typical for the taiga zone of Siberia, often it turns out to be impossible. For example, the simplest drying of berries in a Russian oven, oven or on a gas stove. But such devices cannot provide drying of berries on an industrial scale, but are used by the population for small drying volumes, providing only their own consumption.

The authors are aware of the simplest home-made drying chamber (see DelaiSam.ru - an online magazine for home-do-it-yourselfers, section: Garden and vegetable garden). The drying chamber has several drawers with a mesh bottom and four guides. One of the drawers is made with a small allowance of 5 mm, it is always placed lower and tightly attached to the guides, this drawer is made slightly wider so that the rest of the drawers do not wedge the guides. Top guides are connected by a plywood roof. The height of the guides is chosen so that when all the drawers are installed between the top edge of the last drawer and the roof, a gap of 5-10 cm remains. Below, a wind deflector is arranged under the rigidly fixed drawer of the dryer. It is a sheet of plywood that is mounted so as to form an inclined plane from the bottom edge of the rails to the bottom edge of the box. The wind deflector serves to direct the air flow vertically through the boxes with the drying object. On a windy day, it is enough to put a drying chamber so that the wind blows into the air intake. If the day is windless, then just put a household fan in front of the air intake. However, the design of such a drying chamber cannot be used in industrial production. First of all, the drying of berries depends on the humidity of the air and wind, in the absence of which electric energy is required (fan), i.e. such a drying chamber can be used only at home, and not in the forest, and for small volumes of drying of berries, and with high humidity (rain) the berries will get wet and not dry.

Elementary devices for drying berries (see Port-Franco newspaper No. 16, October 1997), which are also made in the form of a plywood box on legs with a fan mounted inside. It has two mesh boxes installed - one above the fan, the other 25-30 cm higher. Two thirds of the drying raw materials are put on the bottom box, and one third on the top. Turn on the fan and periodically mix the drying raw materials.

Such a dryer can be used only at home with a small drying volume, since it requires electric energy and is not applicable in the forest for industrial drying of berries.

The authors are aware of the EZIDRI drying machine (see Plus-Inform LLC. Address: 03087, Ukraine, Kiev, 1 Iskrovskaya St., PO Box 123. Telephone / Fax: +38 (044) 242-3- 777. Email: plusin@i.kiev.ua).

Such a dryer is easy to place in any corner of your room and you can dry berries on 10 trays, power 250-500 W / h. The dryer has a microprocessor-controlled electric heater below. Such a dryer is not suitable for working in the forest; it requires electric energy. Designed for home use only.

The authors know the prototype - patent of the Russian Federation No. 2298747 "Portable industrial dryer for berries", in which the casing is made collapsible, and the energy carrier is connected to it using pipes in the form of a metal furnace with a biofuel furnace, an exhaust pipe with a slide gate is installed in the upper part of the casing and in the lower part a water heater is attached, connected through pipes to an expansion tank and pipes with a coil installed in a portable metal furnace, drying sieves are located vertically next to the exhaust pipe and aloriferom, and between the housing and the sieve are lateral apertures for the passage of hot air. It should be noted that such a dryer has two drying agents: the first is water, which is heated in a coil installed in the furnace, and the second is hot air, which is heated by passing through a heater installed in the lower part of the dryer and connected by pipes to a metal furnace. The movement of air up and between the screens is carried out only due to, of course, the furnace. All these disadvantages increase the mass of the portable dryer, increase the drying time of the berries, require an additional drying agent - water, affect the quality of dried berries, limit the number of drying sieves in the dryer.

Disclosure of invention

A portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent can be used in forestry during the collection of wild berries, where at large distances the collected berries cannot be taken out without drying to consumers. The dryer is designed in such a way that discharge and exhaust pipes are installed to its collapsible body, to which distribution pipes are connected, and nozzles are installed in distribution pipes connected to the discharge pipe, and conical slots are installed in distribution pipes connected to the exhaust pipe, the discharge pipe is connected to the hot air agent of the metal furnace; drying screens are arranged in vertical rows in the center of each nozzle and conical gap.

The presence of distinctive features from the prototype allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution has a significant novelty.

To prove the compliance of a portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent, the criterion of significant difference was a comparison of the main essential features with the prototype - RF patent No. 2298747. As a result, it was found that the claimed invention uses only one type of drying agent - hot air, which is produced by a serial metal furnace of the Buleryan type, the productivity of the dryer is doubled due to an increase in the mass of berries on the sieve and the product dries more intensively, since the nozzle allows directing hot air to the bottom and top of the sieve. The mass of the dryer is reduced by 20.0 kg due to the fact that it does not have a coil, air heater and expansion tank, as well as water pipes. The temperature can be regulated in a wider range: 40-180 ° C.

The technical result, which gives a positive effect in comparison with the prototype, is determined by the properties and indicators shown in the table.

Table Comparison of the main features of the prototype and the invention Properties and other indicators The claimed product Prototype RF Patent No. 2298747 "Portable industrial dryer for berries" Energy carrier Biofuel Biofuel Drying agent Hot air Water, hot air Raw berry productivity, kg / day 600,0 300,0 The ability to control the temperature, ° C 40-180 40-80 The moisture content of the finished product,% 8.0-12.0 14.0 Mode of operation round-the-clock round-the-clock Metal furnace serial type "Buleryan" original design with a coil Dryer body demountable demountable Number of sieves twenty 10 The mass of berries on a sieve, kg 60.0 30,0 The mass of the dryer, kg 70.0 90.0

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 presents a General view of a portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent.

Figure 2 presents a section aa of a General view of a portable dryer.

Figure 3 presents a section bB of the General view of a portable dryer.

Figure 4 presents a section bb of the General view of a portable dryer.

Figure 5 presents a section of the DD slit and sieve.

Figure 6 presents a section GG nozzles and sieves.

The implementation of the invention

A portable industrial dryer for berries with an air-drying agent consists of a collapsible case 1, to which support stands 2 are attached, a metal furnace 4 of the Buleryan type 4 working on wood, which draws in cold air, heats it and directs it through the discharge pipe 3 into the discharge pipe, and the smoke from burning wood is released into the atmosphere through the chimney 5. Hot air serves as a heating element for drying berries. An exhaust pipe 6 is connected to the housing from the opposite side of the discharge pipe, and drying screens 7 are arranged in a vertical plane between the discharge and exhaust pipe, and distribution pipes 8 are connected to the discharge pipes in the center of the screens, and in the distribution pipe connected to the discharge pipe closed above the valve 9, nozzles 10 are installed so that the supplied hot air from the nozzle uniformly blows the dryer screen from above and below, and the distribution pipe connected I with the exhaust pipe to the air venting has slotted conical gap 11; the discharge and exhaust pipes have adjustable gate valves 12, which are regulators of the drying regimes of berries, their opening or closing regulates the temperature of the air for drying the berries. The drying of berries is monitored by standard thermometers.

A portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent is delivered to the place of operation in the forest in bales on horses. For its installation, a meadow free of trees is selected. First, a collapsible housing 1 is assembled, to which the racks 2, discharge pipe 3 and exhaust pipe 6 are connected, respectively, with distribution pipes 8, then a metal furnace of the Buleryan type is connected to the discharge pipe 3. The dryer body is then covered with plastic wrap. Then, with the shutter shutter closed, 12 wood is melted by the wood 4. The collected berries are poured in raw form onto the sieves 7, which are then installed in the housing 1 so that the center of each sieve is located in the center of the nozzle 10 and the conical slit 11 of the distribution pipes 8.

To dry the berries, slide gates 12 are opened, which regulate the temperature of drying the berries, and hot air through the nozzles 10 moves along the screens 7 due to the fact that there is a draft through the conical slots 11 of the distribution pipe 8 connected to the exhaust pipe 6, which emits exhaust hot air into the atmosphere, drying of raw materials begins, while the speed of movement of hot air and its temperature are regulated by opening or closing the slide gates 12, the drying of berries is controlled by standard thermometers, which The shafts must be installed in the dryer.

In the process of drying the raw materials, the workers regularly gently mix it, thereby achieving uniform drying of the entire layer of raw materials on the sieve. The humidity control of the drying raw materials is achieved by constantly weighing the control sample, which is placed in the middle of the dryer on a special sieve, and the required percentage humidity of the finished dried berries is specified by wet and dry thermometers that must be installed in the dryer.

Claims (1)

Portable industrial dryer for berries with an air drying agent, including a collapsible case, a heating element, drying sieves, product drying control devices and drying mode regulators, characterized in that discharge and exhaust pipes for hot air are installed on the sides of the collapsible case, to which distribution pipes are connected pipes, and in the distribution pipes connected to the discharge pipe, nozzles are installed for supplying hot air to the sieves, and in the distribution pipes connected to the exhaust conical slots are cut through for the passage of exhaust hot air into the atmosphere, and the discharge pipe is connected to the hot air agent of the metal furnace, and nozzles are located on the center of each sieve in the center of the screen, and conical slots on the other.

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