RU2347030C1 - Composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles; paper.

SUBSTANCE: composition is meant for improving the softness of paper products. Composition includes: (i) oil, fat or wax; (ii) at least one non-ionic surfactant; (iii) at least one anion compound, selected from anionic micro-particles and anionic surfactant; (iv) at least one polymer, which is a cation, non-ionic or amphoteric, where the non-ionic surfactant is added to the amount from about 60 to 1000 weight fractions for 100 weight fractions of the polymer. Composition is used in the method of manufacturing paper (versions). Method includes adding the mentioned composition to a cellulose suspension or to a moist or dry paper fabric.

EFFECT: increase in the quality of the paper products due to the increase in its softness, low resistance to tearing and high speed of getting wet and reduction in energy for pulping.

22 cl, 9 tbl, 9 ex

Description

The invention relates to a composition used to improve the softness of paper products. The invention also relates to a paper manufacturing process in which the composition is added to a cellulosic suspension or applied to a wet or dry paper web. The composition includes oil, wax or fat, at least one cationic, amphoteric or non-ionic polymer, an anionic compound selected from anionic surfactants and anionic microparticles, and one or more nonionic surfactants.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Paper webs or paper sheets, commonly referred to as fabrics or paper webs, are widely used for paper towels, napkins, paper handkerchiefs and toilet paper. Important characteristics for such paper products are softness, absorbency and strength. Continuous work is underway to improve each of these characteristics without seriously impairing the others.

Conventional pressed paper fabrics and methods for making such paper are well known in the art. Such paper is usually made by draining and forming a cellulosic suspension on a wire mesh. The cellulosic suspension is usually contained in the headbox before it is deposited on the Fourdrinier grid to form a paper web. Then, the paper web is usually dehydrated by vacuum dehydration and further dried by pressing operations, in which the web is subjected to pressure developed by opposing mechanical elements, for example cylindrical rolls or a clamping press. Then, the dehydrated web is further pressed and dried in a steam drum apparatus, known in practice as the Yankee drum.

Conventional paper fluff and methods for making such paper are well known in the art. Such paper is usually made by making a paper sheet on a Fourdrinier mesh and then pressing and drying the paper sheet in bales or on rollers. Dry paper is then pulped using a hammer mill or needle defibrillator to form fluff. Typical products made from down are diapers and hygiene products for women. The fluff can also be used for the manufacture of paper products by way of laying with air.

Softness is a tactile sensation experienced by the consumer, holding a particular product, rubbing his skin or wrinkling it in his hands. The softness of the sheet can be achieved by mechanical means. For example, the sheet may be calendared to make the scallops formed by creping the sheet flatter. The sheet can also be machined by friction in order to eliminate all roughness. However, these approaches are often insufficient.

One way to soften paper is to add a softening compound to the cellulosic suspension. The softening compound interferes with the natural fiber-to-fiber bonds that occur during sheet formation in papermaking processes. This weakening of bonds results in a softer or less rough sheet of paper.

WO 98/07927 describes the manufacture of soft absorbent paper products using a softener. The softener includes a quaternary ammonium based surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, and strength additives. A softening agent is added to the cellulosic suspension before forming the paper web.

The softening compound may also be applied to a dry or wet paper web, for example, by spraying. If the paper web is dry, a softener may also be printed on the paper.

US 5389204 describes a method of manufacturing a soft paper tissue with a functional siloxane softener. The softener includes functional polysiloxane, emulsifying surfactants and surfactants that are non-ionic. The softener is transferred to a dry paper web through the transfer surface of the heater. The softener is then pressed onto a dry paper web.

WO 97/30217 describes a composition used as a lotion to increase the softness of absorbent paper. The composition includes an emollient, which is preferably a fatty alcohol or a wax ester. The composition also includes quaternary ammonium based surfactants, as well as one or more of non-ionic or amphoteric emulsifiers.

Most emollients, either added to a cellulosic suspension or applied to a paper web, contain quaternary ammonium based surfactants. As producers and consumers are increasingly concerned about environmental issues, quaternary ammonium surfactants are not always acceptable. Quaternary ammonium based surfactants are generally toxic to organisms living in the water and are generally considered undesirable chemicals.

The aim of the invention is to provide a composition for improving the softness of paper products. A further object of the invention is to provide a composition substantially free of surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds.

Another objective of the invention is to provide one single composition suitable for addition to a cellulosic suspension and for application to a wet or dry paper web, rather than several different compositions, as described in the prototype.

Another objective of the invention is to provide a composition that is highly tolerant of anionic ablation from previous production steps. Standard formulations can thus be neutralized at the wet end when small amounts of harmful substances from the preceding stages are released.

An object of the invention is also to provide a composition which, when added to a cellulosic suspension, will impart a low breakout resistance, a high wetting speed, and a low conversion energy to pulp.

A further object of the invention is also to provide a composition which, when added to a cellulosic suspension, will give the product a low nodule content.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a composition used to improve the softness of paper products, preferably products made from fabric or fluff. The composition can be applied at various stages of the papermaking process. The composition may, for example, be added at the wet end and to the cellulosic suspension. A composition added to the cellulosic suspension to improve the softness of the product is called a baking powder. The composition can also be applied to a paper web to improve the surface feel of the product, i.e. softness. If the composition is applied to a wet paper web, the composition is called a softener. If the composition is applied to a dry paper web, the composition is called lotion.

The composition of the invention includes:

(i) oil, fat, or wax;

(ii) at least one non-ionic surfactant;

(iii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants;

(iv) at least one polymer that is cationic, nonionic or amphoteric,

where a nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 60 to about 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer.

According to one embodiment, the composition is substantially free of quaternary ammonium based surfactants. "Virtually does not contain" means that surfactants based on Quaternary ammonium make up less than 5% of the mass. composition, that is, less than 1% of the mass. or less than 0.5% of the mass.

Any oil, fat or wax acting as an emollient can be used according to the invention. Suitable oils are refined and / or hydrogenated varieties of oils such as vegetable oils like grape oil, olive oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, and palm oil. Most preferred is coconut oil. Other oils that can be used according to the invention are mineral oils and silicone oils.

In order to retain oil, grease, or wax in the manufactured paper, a polymer that acts as a retention aid is required. Suitable polymers for use as a retention agent or part of a retention system can be highly charged. In one embodiment, the polymer is a cationic polymer. The polymers can come from natural or synthetic raw materials and they can be linear, branched or crosslinked, i.e. be in the form of microparticles. Preferably, the polymer is water soluble or dispersible in water.

Examples of suitable natural cationic polymers include cationic polysaccharides, for example starches, guar gums, cellulose derivatives, chitins, chitosans, glycans, galactans, glucans, xanthan gums, pectins, mannans, dextrins, preferably starches and guar gums. Suitable starches include potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, rice, waxy ripened corn, barley, etc. Cationic synthetic organic polymers can also be used, such as cationic chain growth polymers, e.g. cationic vinyl addition polymers, like polymers based on acrylate, acrylamidavinylamine and allylamine, e.g. homo- and copolymers based on diallyldialkylammonium halide, e.g. diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and also ( ) acrylamides and (meth) acrylates. The following polymers include cationic growth polymers, for example cationic polyamidoamines, polyethyleneimines, polyamines, for example dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin copolymers, and polyurethanes. The following examples of suitable cationic organic polymers include those described in WO 02/12626.

According to one embodiment, the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, polyamines, cationic starch, amphoteric starch, polyamindoamine epichlorohydrin (PAAE), polyethylene imines and polyvinyl amines.

The term "stepwise growth polymer," as used herein, refers to a polymer obtained by stepwise growth polymerization, also referred to as a stepwise reaction polymer and a stepwise polymerization reaction, respectively. The term "chain growth polymer", as used here, refers to a polymer obtained by chain growth polymerization, also referred to as the chain reaction polymer and the polymerization chain reaction, respectively.

The polymer according to the invention may have a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 10,000,000, such as from about 15,000 to about 5,000,000, or from about 40,000 to about 1,000,000.

According to one embodiment, an anionic microparticle is included in the composition. Examples of suitable anionic microparticles include anionic silica microparticles, such as anionic colloidal silicon dioxide particles, and smectite clays, most preferably anionic hydrophobically modified colloidal silicon dioxide particles. Anionic microparticles preferably have a specific surface area of from about 40 to about 900, such as from about 150 to about 600, or from about 250 to about 400 m ² / g.

Colloidal silica particles can be obtained, for example, from precipitated silica, micro-silica (smoke of silica), fumed silica (sublimated silica) or silica gels of sufficient purity, ordinary sodium silicate and mixtures thereof.

The colloidal particles of silicon dioxide according to the invention can be modified and may contain other elements, such as amines, aluminum and / or boron, which may be present in the particles and / or the continuous phase. Boron-modified silica sols are described, for example, in US 2,630,410. Suitable aluminum-modified silica particles have an Al ₂ O ₃ content _of from about 0.05 to about 3% by weight, such as from about 0.1 to about 2% by weight. The procedure for preparing aluminum-modified silica sol is further described in "The Chemistry of Silica" by Iler K. Ralph, p. 407-409, John Wiley and Sons (1979) and in US 5368833.

Colloidal silica particles suitably have an average particle diameter in the range of from about 2 to about 150, such as from about 3 to about 50, or from about 5 to about 40 nm. Suitable colloidal particles of silica have a specific surface area of from about 20 to about 1500, such as from about 50 to about 900, or from about 70 to about 800 m ² / g.

The anionic surfactants that can be used according to the invention are mainly anionic surfactants with hydrophobic "tails" having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms. Examples of preferred anionic surfactants are saponified fatty acids, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates, sulfate esters, phosphate esters, alkyl (aryl) phosphates, alkyl (aryl) phosphonates, fatty acids, naphthalenesulfonates (HACs), formaldehyde polycondensates, polystyrene modified sulfonates, Naphtha . Most preferred are saponified fatty acids, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates, sulfate esters, phosphate esters, alkyl (aryl) phosphates, alkyl (aryl) phosphonates and mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment, the anionic compound is an anionic surfactant.

Non-ionic surfactants that can be used according to the invention include mainly ethoxylated or propoxylated fatty acids or fatty alcohols. Ethoxylated fatty acids and fatty alcohols are typically ethoxylated from about 1 to about 30 molecules of ethylene oxide (EO), or from about 4 to about 25 EO. Ethoxylated fatty acids and fatty alcohols may have from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms or from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms. Propoxylated fatty acids and fatty alcohols can be propoxylated from about 1 to about 30 propylene oxide (PrO) molecules, or from about 1 to about 8 PrO. Propoxylated fatty acids and fatty alcohols may have from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms or from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms. It is also possible to use carbon dioxide instead of propylene oxide.

The polymer is suitably present in the composition in an amount of from about 1 to about 50, such as from about 5 to about 40, or from about 10 to about 30% of the mass. calculated on the dry weight of the composition.

Oil, fat or wax is suitably present in the composition in an amount of from about 1 to about 95, such as from about 30 to about 80, or from about 35 to about 75% of the mass. calculated on the dry weight of the composition.

The anionic compound is suitably present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10, such as from about 0.5 to about 4, or from about 0.6 to about 2% of the mass. calculated on the dry weight of the composition.

In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is present in an amount of from about 80 to about 1000, or from about 80 to about 600, or from about 100 to about 800, or from about 150 to about 400 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

The composition may be prepared first by mixing oil, fat or wax together with anionic and nonionic surfactants to obtain an emollient-surfactant mixture. The emollient-surfactant mixture can be heated from about 25 ° C to about 70 ° C. An aqueous solution containing a polymer is suitably prepared, in which solution the polymer content is from about 0.1 to about 50, for example, from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight. The aqueous solution may be heated from about 25 ° C to about 70 ° C. The emulsion-surfactant mixture can then be emulsified in an aqueous solution containing the polymer using a static mixer, an Ultra Turrax high shear device or a homogenizer. The resulting emulsion can then be cooled to room temperature. Cooling may be carried out, for example, using a heat exchanger.

According to one embodiment, the emollient-surfactant mixture is emulsified in an aqueous solution containing a polymer by means of a static mixer.

The composition can be prepared in advance and then delivered as a single product to the paper mill. The composition can also be prepared on site in a paper mill from various components.

It is also possible to introduce additional components into the composition. In order to avoid damage to the composition, a preservative may be added. Certain cosmetic additives may also be included, for example antioxidants, for example tocopherol and aloe vera.

The invention also relates to a method of making paper, comprising adding the composition described above to a cellulosic suspension, wherein said method further comprises draining the cellulosic suspension on a wire mesh to form a paper web.

According to one embodiment, the composition may be added in an amount of from about 0.1 to 15 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

When a baking powder is used to make the fabric, the composition is usually added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 15, such as from about 0.3 to about 10 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

When a baking powder is used to make the fabric, the composition is usually added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 15, such as from about 0.5 to about 4 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

When the composition is used as a disintegrant in this process, the composition, as already mentioned here, is added to the cellulosic suspension before the paper web is formed. The use of baking powder is very common in the manufacture of fluff and fabric. The baking powder should interfere with the natural fiber - fiber bonds so as to reduce their strength. The decrease in strength increases the softness of products from down and fabric. In one embodiment, the components of the composition may be added separately to the cellulosic suspension. Preferably, an emulsion of oil, fat or wax and a nonionic surfactant can be added as a premix, and the polymer, for example, in an aqueous solution, can be added to the cellulosic suspension as a separate component.

According to one embodiment, when the components are added separately, the amount of each component added to the cellulosic suspension corresponds to the amount of this component in the composition described herein.

According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 6 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.025 to about 3.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 2.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, oil, wax or fat or wax can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 14 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, oil, wax or fat may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.03 to about 12 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, oil, wax or fat may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.035 to about 11 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 1.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.003 to about 0.6 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.004 to about 0.3 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

In one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, a nonionic surfactant is usually added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 70 to about 800, such as from about 80 to about 600, or from about 100 to about 500, or from about 150 to about 400 parts by weight per 100 mass parts of the polymer.

According to one embodiment, in the manufacture of fluff, oil, wax or fat is added in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 14 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers, an anionic compound is added in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 1.5 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers, and a polymer is added in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 8 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in preparing the fabric, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 8 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.025 to about 3.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.03 to about 6 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of fluff, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.035 to about 5.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in the preparation of the fabric, oil, wax or fat may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 10 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of the fabric, oil, wax or fat may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.03 to about 8 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in the preparation of the fabric, oil, wax or fat may be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.035 to about 7.5 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in preparing the fabric, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 1 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in preparing the fabric, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.003 to about 0.4 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers. According to one embodiment, in preparing the fabric, the anionic compound can be added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.004 to about 0.2 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

According to one embodiment, in preparing the fabric, the nonionic surfactant is suitably added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 70 to about 800, such as from about 80 to about 600, or from about 100 to about 500, or from about 150 to about 400 parts by weight per 100 mass parts of polymer.

To evaluate baking powder performance, breakout resistance, fiber loosening energy, and wetting speed can be measured. The low breakthrough resistance and low fiber loosening energy show that the fiber - fiber bonds are weakened, which in turn facilitates the fabrication of fabrics with improved softness. The wetting rate indicates that the final product has good absorption properties.

In addition, when fluff is used in air styling applications, it is important to minimize the number of knots. Nodules can be described as a bunch of fibers. A large number of nodules can lead to poor formation and poor performance of air-laying processes.

When the composition is applied to either a wet or dry paper web, the surface feel can be improved. The sensation of the surface can be described as those surface properties that are tactile sensations perceived by the consumer. The feel of the surface can be appreciated by people in panel tests. Examples of such properties are softness, slippery and smoothness. According to one embodiment, the composition is added to the sheet as one single additive. According to another embodiment, the polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension prior to the formation of the web, while oil, fat or wax, an anionic compound and a nonionic surfactant are added to the wet or dry paper web.

The invention also relates to a method for preparing paper, comprising applying the composition described herein to a wet paper web. When a composition is used as a softener in a papermaking process, the composition is usually sprayed onto a damp paper web after the pressing section, but before the Yankee drum. Using the composition as a softener, it is possible to obtain paper with a high surface softness with minimal reduction in strength.

According to one embodiment, when the composition is used as a softener in the manufacture of paper tissue, the composition is usually added in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10, preferably from about 0.3 to about 4 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

The invention also relates to a method for making paper, comprising applying the composition described above to a dry paper web.

When the composition is used as a lotion in the above process, it is usually sprayed or stuffed onto a dry paper web. This is usually done in the conversion process in which the final woven product is formed. The lotion is usually present as drops on the surface of the paper web and is not bonded to the fibers in the same way as a softener. The lotion modifies the surface properties of the fabric, but the lotion is also added for cosmetic reasons, since the lotion can be released from paper and transported to the consumer.

According to one embodiment, the dry paper web has a dry matter content of at least about 50, such as at least about 65, or at least about 80% by weight.

According to one embodiment, when the composition is used as a tissue manufacturing lotion, the composition is usually added in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 70, such as from about 5 to about 50 kg / ton of dry cellulosic fibers.

The cellulosic fibers used by the present invention should typically include fibers derived from wood pulp, which includes cellulose obtained by chemical methods, such as kraft pulp, sulfite and sulfate pulp, as well as mechanically pulped wood pulp, such as pulped wood pulp , thermomechanical pulp and chemically modified thermomechanical pulp. Recycled fibers may be used. Recycled fibers may contain all of the wood pulps mentioned above with the addition of fillers, printing inks, and the like. Preferred, however, are chemical celluloses, since they give the fabric sheets made from them an excellent tactile sensation of softness. Recycling recycled fibers to make paper tissue often involves a process step known as ink removal, to remove as much as possible ink from a suspension of fibers and most of the fillers, in order to obtain an acceptable degree of whiteness of paper and the performance of a paper machine using a suspension of recycled fibers. The paint removal process often involves adding anionic substances, such as saponified fatty acids, and water glass to the suspension. These substances sometimes go into the paper machine and, since these substances are anionic, they can inactivate the cationic chemicals added to the mixture. These substances are called "anionic harmful substances" or "anionic debris."

In one embodiment, additional components may be added to the cellulosic suspension used to make paper tissue or fluff. Such additives may be, for example, wet strength agents, dry strength agents and humectants, as well as other components commonly used in the manufacturing process. In one embodiment, a polymer can be added to the cellulosic suspension, which is either cationic or non-ionic or amphoteric. A suitable polymer is either a natural polymer, for example starch, or a synthetic polymer.

According to one embodiment, an anionic polymer is added to the cellulosic suspension, such anionic polymers may include stepwise anionic polymers, chain growth polymers, polysaccharides, naturally occurring aromatic polymers and their modifications.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Example 1

The compositions of the invention were prepared by first mixing coconut oil with para-substituted alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (~ C12) (anionic surfactant) and an unsaturated fatty alcohol with 16-18 oxygen atoms that was ethoxylated with 5th EO (nonionic surfactant). The content of the components was 50% of the mass. oil, 25% of the mass. anionic surfactant and 25% of the mass. nonionic surfactant. Then the oil-surfactant mixture was heated to 50 ° C. An aqueous polymer solution was prepared. The concentration of the polymer in the aqueous solution was between 1 and 4% of the mass. The aqueous polymer solution was separately heated to 50 ° C. The oil-surfactant mixture was then emulsified in an aqueous polymer solution in an Ultra-Turrax high shear mixer. Then the composition was cooled to room temperature in a water bath. The mass ratio of the oil-surfactant mixture to the aqueous solution was 15:85.

The polymers and their concentrations in aqueous solutions in the preparation of compositions C1 to C6 are shown below.

C1 1% of the mass. poly-DADMAC (SNF No. FL45DL) C2 3.4% of the mass. poly-DADMAC (SNF No. FL45DL) C3 4% of the mass. poly-DADMAC (SNF No. FL45DL) C4 1% of the mass. poly-DADMAC (SNF No. FL45C) C5 4% of the mass. poly-DADMAC (SNF No. FL45C) C6 1% of the mass. polyamine

For comparison, we used the composition of the baking powder sold under the trade name Berocell®:

Ref. one

Berocell-589, benzyldimethylammonium chloride hydrogenated tall oil; C16-18 fatty alcohol, unsaturated, ethoxylated 5th EO

Ref. 2

Berocell-509, benzyldimethylammonium chloride dihydrogenated tall oil; fatty alcohol C16-C20, unsaturated, ethoxylated 6th EA; C12-C16 fatty acid propoxylated by 6th PrO

Dry paper sheets were prepared by mixing 15 g of sulphate pine cellulose with either water or contaminated white water up to 760 ml. The composition was added to the cellulose suspension, followed by stirring for 10 minutes. After this, a sheet was prepared on a standard PFI casting machine (A4 sheets). Then the sheets were dried and conditioned according to the standardized method SCAN C26: 76.

Example 2

Compositions C2 and C5 according to example 1 were compared with compositions Ref. 1 (Berocell-589), as described in Example 1. Compositions were added to the pulp suspension in an amount of 3.0 kg / t based on dry cellulose fiber.

Then, dry paper sheets were prepared as described in Example 1. The paper sheets were cut into strips and then pulped using a needle defibrillator. A needle defibrillator was connected to an energy meter, which made it possible to measure the energy consumption of fiber loosening per 1 kg of paper. The results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Fiber loosening energy (kJ / kg) Composition Tap water White water C3 56 74 C5 60 69 Ref. one 61 88

A lower fiber loosening energy will give the product a higher degree of softness. Table 1 clearly shows that the compositions according to the invention C3 and C5 give a lower loosening energy of the fibers, which indicates improved softness compared to the composition according to the prototype, Ref. one.

Example 3

Compositions C1, C3, C4, C5 and C6 according to example 1 were compared with the composition Ref. 1 of Example 1. Compositions were added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of 3.0 kg / t based on dry cellulosic fibers.

Dry paper sheets were then prepared according to Example 1. On dry paper sheets, the wetting speed was measured according to the standardized method SCAN-C33: 80. The results are shown in table 2.

table 2 Composition Wetting rate (s / 3 g pulp) C1 3.8 C3 4.1 C4 4.0 C5 4.3 C6 3.9 Ref. 1 5,6

A low wetting speed is an advantage for both paper tissue and paper fluff products. Table 2 clearly shows that the compositions according to the invention C1, C3, C4, C5 and C6 give the manufactured paper a lower wetting speed compared to the composition according to the prototype, Ref. 1.

Example 4

The composition C2 according to example 1 was compared with the composition Ref.2 of example 1. The amount of composition added to the cellulosic composition varied between 0.5 and 4.0 kg / t based on dry cellulose fibers.

Dry paper sheets were prepared from a cellulosic suspension, as described in Example 1. Breakthrough resistance was measured according to the standardized method of ISO 2758-2001. The results can be seen in table 3.

Table 3 Breakthrough resistance
(% relative to standard) The added amount, kg / t of paper C2 Ref. 2 0.5 77 91 1,0 65 75 1,5 55 63 2.0 45 58 2.5 40 fifty 3.0 37 49 3,5 32 45 4.0 thirty 43

Low breakout resistance should give the product softness. Table 3 clearly shows that composition C2 according to the invention has a lower breakout resistance at various added amounts of the composition compared to the composition according to the prototype, Ref.2.

Example 5

Composition C2 according to example 1 was compared with composition Ref.2 of example 1. The amount of composition added to the pulp composition varied between 1 and 2 kg / t based on dry cellulose fibers.

The number of nodules was then measured using the standardized SCAN-CM 37 method. The results can be seen in Table 4.

Table 4 The added amount of kg / t of dry paper Nodules,% C2 one 3.3 C2 2 1,1 Ref. 1 one 4.2 Ref. 1 2 1,5

A large number of knots can lead to poor performance and poor paper ejection. Therefore, a low nodule content is an advantage. Table 4 clearly shows that the composition according to the invention C2 has a lower number of nodules compared to Ref. one.

Example 6

An oil-surfactant mixture was prepared by first mixing coconut oil with an anionic surfactant, alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (~ C12) and two nonionic surfactants: 1) with castor oil ethoxylated with 15th EO, and 2) with unsaturated fatty alcohol C16-C18, ethoxylated 5- th EO. Then the oil-surfactant mixture was emulsified in water to form an emulsion. Used 100 ml of water and 0.3 g of a mixture of oil-surfactant. An aqueous polymer solution containing poly-DADMAC was prepared with a polymer concentration of 0.08% by weight.

Dry paper sheets were prepared by mixing 15 g of chemical pine sulphate pulp with water up to 750 ml. An oil emulsion was added to the cellulose suspension. Then the suspension was stirred for 8 minutes. Then, a polymer solution was added after the suspension was stirred for 2 minutes. After that, a paper sheet was prepared in a standard PFI sheet-casting machine (A4 sheets). The sheets were then pressed, dried and conditioned according to standardized method SCAN C26: 76. Mass amounts of each component added in each experiment are shown in table 5.

Table 5 Composition No. Coconut oil Nonionic Surfactant (1) Nonionic surfactant (2) Anionic surfactant Polymer one 9.2 0.40 0.30 0.1 2.67 2 8.7 0.65 0.55 0.1 2.67 3 8.1 0.95 0.85 0.1 2.67 four 7.6 1,2 1,1 0.1 2.67 5 5,0 2.45 2.45 0.1 2.67

The ratio of nonionic surfactants to polymer was calculated as the number of mass parts of nonionic surfactants per 100 mass. parts of polymer. The fiber loosening energy was measured according to Example 2. The amount of added composition was 1 kg / t and 3 kg / t of dry cellulose fibers. The results are shown in table 6.

Table 6 Composition number Non-ionic surfactant h / 100 h of polymer Fiber loosening energy kJ / kg 1 kg / t 3 kg / t one 26 132 124 2 45 125 115 3 67.5 103 67 four 86 98 64 5 216 93 62

A lower fiber loosening energy will give the product a higher degree of softness. From table 6 it can be clearly seen that the energy of the loosening of the fibers decreases when the mass ratio of nonionic surfactant to the polymer increases.

Example 7

Two oil emulsions E1 and E2 were prepared by mixing coconut oil with two nonionic surfactants: (1) castor oil ethoxylated with 15th EO, and (2) unsaturated fatty alcohol C16-C18 ethoxylated with 5th EO. In emulsion E1, the mass ratio between coconut oil, nonionic surfactant (1) and nonionic surfactant (2) was 5: 2.5: 2.5, in emulsion E2 the corresponding ratio was 7: 1.5: 1.5. An oil emulsion was formed by emulsification of 15 g of an oil-surfactant mixture using an Ultra-Turrax mixer in 85 g of a 0.353% dispersion of silica sol having a specific surface area of 525 m ² / g. An aqueous polymer solution was also prepared containing poly DADMAC with a concentration of 0.08% of the mass.

Dry paper sheets were prepared by mixing 15 g of chemical sulfate pine cellulose with water up to 750 ml. An oil emulsion was added to the cellulose suspension after it was mixed for 8 minutes. Then, a polymer solution was added after the suspension was stirred for 2 minutes. After that, a paper sheet was prepared in a standard PFI sheet-casting machine (A4 sheets). The sheets were then pressed, dried and conditioned according to standardized method SCAN C26: 76. In experiment 3, for comparison, a conventional Berocell 589 baking powder was used, designated as Ref.1 in Example 1. In the manufacture of the sheet was added conventional baking powder, after which the suspension was stirred for 10 minutes.

The energy of the loosening of the fibers was measured in accordance with example 2. The results are given in table 7.

Table 7 Experience Fiber loosening energy
(kJ / kg) one E1 64 2 E2 62 3 Ref. 1 78

A lower fiber loosening energy will give the product a higher degree of softness. From table 7 it can be clearly seen that the compositions according to the invention E1 and E2 give a lower fiber disintegration energy than the conventional Ref. one.

Example 8

The same oil-surfactant mixture and polymer solution, as No. 5 in example 5, were prepared according to example 6. In experiment 1, the oil-surfactant mixture was emulsified in a polymer solution to form one single composition.

Paper sheets were prepared by mixing 15 g of chemical sulfate pine cellulose with water up to 750 ml. The cellulose suspension was then mixed for 10 minutes. In experiment 2, the polymer was added after 8 minutes of stirring. In experiments 1 and 3, cellulose was not added to the suspension. After that, a sheet was produced in a standard PFI sheet-casting machine (A4 sheets). Then the sheets were pressed at 4.85 bar for 5 minutes, resulting in a dry matter content of about 50% of the mass.

In experiment 1, the composition was sprayed onto sheets in an amount of 1 and 3 kg / t of dry cellulose fibers. In experiment 2, an oil emulsion containing an oil-surfactant mixture was sprayed onto the sheet so that the total additive together with the polymer in the cellulose suspension was 1 and 3 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers.

In experiment 3, a conventional Berocell 589 baking powder, designated as Ref. 1 in Example 1. A conventional baking powder was also sprayed onto a sheet in an amount of 1 and 3 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers.

The sheets were then pressed at 4.85 bar for 2 minutes and then dried on a drum at 80 ° C for 2 hours. After drying, the sheets were conditioned at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity for at least 24 hours before testing.

Then, the fiber loosening energy was measured in accordance with Example 2, the nodule content was measured according to the standardized SCAN-CM 37 method, and the wetting speed was measured according to the standardized SCAN-C33: 80 method. The results are shown in table 8.

Table 8 Experience No. Fiber loosening energy (kJ / kg) Nodules (%) Wetting Speed (s) 1 kg / t 3 kg / t 1 kg / t 3 kg / t 1 kg / t 3 kg / t one 97 78 3.66 2.00 4.2 4.4 2 93 83 3.66 1,67 4.4 4.7 3 122 84 4.00 2.67 5,0 5.2

The compositions used in experiment 1 and experiment 2 show a clear improvement in the energy of loosening of the fibers, the content of the nodules and the speed of wetting compared to experiment 3, which used a conventional baking powder.

Example 9

An oil-surfactant mixture was prepared by first mixing coconut oil with an anionic surfactant, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (~ C12) and two nonionic surfactants: (1) castor oil, ethoxylated with 15th EO, and (2) C16-C18 unsaturated fatty alcohol, ethoxylated with 5- th EO. Then the oil-surfactant mixture was emulsified in water to form an oil emulsion. Used 0.3 g of a mixture of oil-surfactant per 100 ml of water. Prepared an aqueous solution of cationic starch Amilofax PW with a concentration of 0.08% of the mass.

Dry paper sheets were prepared by mixing 15 g of chemical sulfate pine cellulose with water up to 500 ml. An oil emulsion was added to the cellulose suspension at time 0, followed by 10 minutes of stirring. After 8 minutes, cationic starch was added. After this, a sheet was prepared in a standard PFI sheet-casting machine (A4 sheets). The sheets were then pressed, dried and conditioned according to standardized method SCAN C26: 76. Cationic starch was added in an amount of 2.5 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers. The energy of the loosening of the fibers was measured in accordance with example 2. The results are given in table 9.

Table 9 Fiber loosening energy (kJ / kg) Amount of oil emulsion added 0 kg / t 1 kg / t 2 kg / t 3 kg / t 168 145 118 90

A lower fiber loosening energy will give the product a higher degree of softness. From table 9 it can be clearly seen that the fiber separation energy decreases with increasing amount of oil emulsion.

Claims (22)

1. Composition for improving the softness of paper products, including:
(i) oil, fat, or wax;
(ii) at least one non-ionic surfactant;
(iii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants;
(iv) at least one polymer that is cationic, nonionic or amphoteric,
in which a nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 60 to about 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polymer. 2. The composition according to claim 1, where the composition is practically free of quaternary ammonium based surfactants. 3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, in which the polymer is a cationic polymer. 4. The composition according to claim 3, in which the cationic polymer is a polymer chain growth. 5. The composition according to claim 3, in which the cationic polymer is a stepwise growth polymer. 6. The composition according to claim 1, in which the oil is a vegetable oil. 7. The composition according to claim 1, in which the oil is coconut oil. 8. The composition according to claim 1, in which the nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 70 to about 800 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polymer. 9. The composition according to claim 1, in which a non-ionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 80 to about 1000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight polymer. 10. The composition according to claim 9, in which the nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 100 to about 800 parts by weight. per 100 parts by weight polymer. 11. The composition according to claim 1, in which the non-ionic surfactant is an ethoxylated or propoxylated fatty acid or fatty alcohol. 12. The composition according to claim 1, in which the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of saponified fatty acids, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates, esters of sulfuric acid, esters of phosphoric acid, alkyl (aryl) phosphates, alkyl (aryl) phosphonates and their mixtures. 13. A method of making paper, comprising adding to the cellulosic suspension a composition according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein said method further comprises draining the cellulosic suspension through a wire mesh to form a paper web. 14. The method of manufacturing paper according to item 13, in which the composition is added in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 15 kg / t of dry cellulose fibers. 15. A method of manufacturing paper, including the addition of:
(i) oil, fat, or wax;
(ii) at least one non-ionic surfactant;
(iii) at least one anionic compound selected from anionic microparticles and anionic surfactants;
(iv) at least one polymer that is cationic, nonionic or amphoteric,
to a cellulosic suspension, where the method further comprises draining the cellulosic suspension through a wire mesh to form a paper web, where a nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 60 to about 1000 parts by weight. per 100 parts by weight polymer. 16. The method of manufacturing paper according to clause 15, in which oil, wax or fat is added in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 14 kg / t of dry cellulose fibers, the anionic compound is added in an amount of from about 0.001 to about 1.5 kg / t of dry cellulosic fibers and the polymer is added in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 6 kg / t dry cellulosic fibers. 17. A method of manufacturing paper, comprising applying the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 on a wet paper web. 18. The method according to 17, in which the composition is applied in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 kg / ton of dry cellulose fibers. 19. A method of manufacturing paper, comprising applying the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 on a dry paper web. 20. The method according to claim 19, in which the composition is applied in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 70 kg / t dry cellulose fibers. 21. The method according to any one of paragraphs.13-20, in which the nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 80 to about 1000 parts by weight. per 100 parts by weight polymer. 22. The method according to any one of paragraphs.13-20, in which the nonionic surfactant is added in an amount of from about 100 to about 1000 parts by weight. per 100 parts by weight polymer.