RU234662U1 - WOOD AND VEGETABLE WASTE BURNING PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for burning wood and plant waste. The device is intended for crushing and burning wood and plant waste. The technical result of the utility model is an increase in the rate of burning wood and plant waste due to preliminary crushing of wood and plant waste and complete mixing of the crushed material in a container with a semicircular bottom. The installation for burning wood and plant waste contains a module for crushing wood and plant waste, consisting of a hopper in which a toothed roller and a knife section are located, including two knives fixed on plates mounted on an axis. The module for burning wood and plant waste consists of a chamber in which a container made of perforated refractory sheets with a double-leaf semicircular bottom attached to it is located. Inside the container there is a beater-type stirrer designed to mix the mass being burned and improve its combustibility, as well as four burners that are connected via a pipeline to a coupling for a gas cylinder required for ignition. On the chamber body there are supply axial fans for cooling the container and maintaining the combustion process and cyclone filters for cleaning polluted air removed to the atmosphere. A box is used to remove coals and ash formed as a result of combustion. There is also a screw conveyor that moves the crushed mass from the first module to the second module for subsequent combustion. Wood and plant waste is loaded into the hopper of the first module for further crushing using a cutting device in the form of a toothed roller or a knife apparatus. After crushing the wood and plant waste, the resulting mass in free fall enters the screw conveyor and moves to the second module for further combustion of the crushed mass. In the second module, combustion and removal of coals and ash formed as a result of combustion takes place. When the container is filled with crushed mass, it is ignited by means of heaters connected by a pipeline coming from a gas cylinder connected by means of a coupling. As soon as constant combustion is established, the valve on the cylinder is closed and the gas supply is stopped. For complete combustion, the crushed mass is periodically stirred using a beater-type stirrer. Through the fireproof perforated walls of the container, the burnt crushed mass is poured into a box located inside the body of the second module directly under the container, from which, in turn, the coals and ash formed during combustion are removed. To maintain the combustion process, an inlet axial fan is used, and to clean the polluted air released into the atmosphere, Cyclone filters are used, mounted on the body of the second module. Thus, the wood and plant waste is crushed and burned.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for burning wood and plant waste. The device is designed for crushing and burning wood and plant waste.

A device for burning wood processing waste is known, comprising a combustion chamber and a shaft, separated from each other by a common wall, one side of which is the front wall of the shaft, inclined and horizontal grate bars located in the combustion chamber, wherein the inclined grate bar is located between the inclined bottom of the shaft and the horizontal grate bar and is connected by its upper edge to the inclined bottom of the shaft, characterized in that the combustion chamber and the shaft are separated from each other by a common wall, the other side of which is the front wall of the combustion chamber, the inclined grate bar is connected by its lower edge to the horizontal grate bar, and an adjustable air duct for blowing is located under each grate bar [Patent RU No. 2342600, Russian Federation, F23G 7/00 / Furnace device for burning wood processing waste / S.A. Trusov. Published: 27.12.2008. Bulletin No. 36].

The disadvantage of the presented device is that in this case, there is no provision for crushing and mixing of wood processing waste received for incineration, which increases the combustion time of the waste and reduces the quality of waste combustion.

A known wood waste boiler furnace consists of a combustion chamber, a gas outlet window, grates, a loading channel, a feeder, a space under the grates and the loading channel, ash pans, wherein the base of the combustion chamber is the grates, between which a loading channel is installed in the form of a box, in which, in turn, a feeder is installed, wherein the furnace of the wood waste boiler is connected to the fuel bunker through the loading channel, and the gas outlet window is connected to the smoke tubes, characterized in that there are additional secondary blast channels located in the side walls of the combustion chamber, that the box of the loading channel has a rear end wall installed at an angle of 35-55° to the horizon, that the feeder begins with an auger and ends with stirring blades on a shaft, which is a continuation of the auger, that each of the grates consists of two grates - a grate inclined downwards at an angle of 25-55° to the horizontal, and a grate oriented horizontally, wherein the downward inclined grates adjoin the horizontally oriented grates with one side and the other side - to the loading channel; the horizontally oriented grates are fixed with one edge in the side walls, and their other edge lies on top of the side walls of the primary air chamber; that the space under the grates and the loading channel is divided into three chambers: two under-grate chambers - under the horizontally oriented grates, and a primary air chamber between them [Patent for Utility Model RU 77026, Russian Federation, F23B 40/00 / Boiler furnace for burning wood waste / S.N. Shishkin. Published: 10.10.2008. Bulletin No. 28.].

The disadvantage of the presented boiler firebox for burning wood waste is the presence of fireclay bricks on the top and sides of the combustion chamber, which significantly increases the weight and cost of the structure, as well as the absence of a device that allows preliminary grinding of wood waste, which increases the combustion time of the waste and reduces the quality of waste combustion.

A device for extracting precious metals is known, comprising a device body with a combustion chamber, a burner for feeding gas into the combustion chamber, a chimney for releasing combustion gas obtained in the combustion chamber to the outside, and a heating container located in the combustion chamber for containing an object to be processed. The heating container includes a lower opening configured to be sealed upwards, and a communication portion communicating with the upper part of the combustion chamber. In addition, a pouring device for continuously pouring the object to be processed through the opening into the heating container and a stirring device for stirring the molten metal obtained in the heating container are included. The apparatus for extracting precious metals makes it possible to extract high-quality precious metals with high efficiency [Patent WO2008038556A1, C22 B11/021 / Device for extracting precious metals / Tamio Okada, Tadao Sasaki, Katsuyuki Shirakawa, Long Yun Piao, Hideo Yoshikawa. Published: 04.03.2008.]

The disadvantage of the presented device is that it is not intended for burning wood and plant waste, since it does not provide preliminary crushing and effective mixing during the combustion process.

The technical result of the utility model is an increase in the rate of combustion of wood and plant waste due to preliminary crushing of wood and plant waste and complete mixing of the crushed material in a container with a semicircular bottom.

The technical result of the utility model is solved by using an installation for burning wood and plant waste, characterized in that for crushing wood and plant waste there are two modules connected to each other by a screw conveyor, intended for crushing and burning wood and plant waste, in particular, the first module consists of a hopper, in which one toothed roller and a knife section are located, including two knives fixed on plates mounted on an axis, and the second module includes a chamber in which a container with a semicircular bottom is located, where the burning of wood and plant waste directly occurs, and in the container, in turn, there is a beater-type stirrer for mixing the mass being burned and burners, which are connected via a pipeline to a coupling for a gas cylinder required for ignition.

The use of a wood and plant waste incineration plant will allow the utilization of wood and plant waste generated as a result of human industrial activity or as seasonal material subject to disposal.

Thus, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of “significant differences” and ensures the achievement of the positive effect indicated by the purpose of the utility model.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the proposed installation for burning wood and plant waste.

Structurally, the wood and plant waste combustion unit contains a module for grinding wood and plant waste consisting of a hopper 1 in which a toothed roller 2 and a knife section including two knives 3 fixed on plates 4 mounted on an axis 5 are located. The wood and plant waste combustion module consists of a chamber 6 in which a container 7 made of perforated refractory sheets with a double-leaf semicircular bottom 8 attached to it is located. Inside the container, there is a beater-type stirrer 9 designed to mix the mass being burned and improve its combustibility, as well as four burners 10, which are connected via a pipeline 11 to a coupling for a gas cylinder required for ignition 12. On the chamber body, there are supply axial fans 13 for cooling the container and maintaining the combustion process, and Cyclone filters 14 for cleaning polluted air removed into the atmosphere. To remove coals and ash formed as a result of combustion, a box 15 is used. There is also a screw conveyor 16, which moves the crushed mass from the first module to the second module for subsequent combustion.

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a module designed for burning wood and plant waste, side view.

The installation works as follows.

Wood and plant waste is loaded into the hopper of the first module for further crushing using a cutting device in the form of a toothed roller or a knife device. After crushing the wood and plant waste, the resulting mass in free fall enters the screw conveyor and moves to the second module for further combustion of the crushed mass. In the second module, combustion and removal of coals and ash formed as a result of combustion takes place. When the container is filled with crushed mass, it is ignited using heaters connected by a pipeline coming from a gas cylinder connected by means of a coupling. As soon as constant combustion is established, the valve on the cylinder is closed and the gas supply is stopped. For complete combustion, the crushed mass is periodically stirred using a beater-type stirrer. Through the fireproof perforated walls of the container, the burnt crushed mass is poured into a box located inside the body of the second module directly under the container, from which, in turn, the coals and ash formed during combustion are removed. To maintain the combustion process, an axial supply fan is used, and to clean the polluted air that is removed into the atmosphere, Cyclone filters are used, mounted on the body of the second module.

In this way, wood and plant waste is crushed and burned.

Sources of information:

1. Patent RU No. 2342600, Russian Federation, F23G 7/00 / Furnace device for burning wood waste / S.A. Trusov. Published: 27.12.2008. Bulletin No. 36.

2. Patent for utility model RU 77026, Russian Federation, F23B 40/00 / Boiler furnace for burning wood waste / S.N. Shishkin. Published: 10.10.2008. Bulletin No. 28.

3. Patent WO2008038556A1, C22 B11/021 / Device for extracting precious metals / Tamio Okada, Tadao Sasaki, Katsuyuki Shirakawa, Long Yun Piao, Hideo Yoshikawa. Published: 04.03.2008

Claims (1)

An installation for burning wood and plant waste, characterized in that for crushing wood and plant waste there are two modules connected to each other by a screw conveyor, intended for crushing and burning wood and plant waste, in particular, the first module consists of a hopper in which there is one toothed roller and a knife section including two knives fixed on plates mounted on an axis, and the second module includes a chamber in which there is a container with a semicircular bottom, where the burning of wood and plant waste directly occurs, and in the container, in turn, there is a beater-type stirrer for mixing the mass being burned and burners, which are connected via a pipeline to a coupling for a gas cylinder required for ignition.

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