RU2239706C1 - Exhaust gas neutralization method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: according to proposed method thermal energy of exhaust gases of internal combustion engine is used to improved processes of neutralization of active harmful substances. For this purpose exhaust gases from engine exhaust manifold are directed into swirl pipe where they are divided into cooled and heated flows. Cooled part of gases is delivered into engine cylinders together with fresh atmospheric air, and heated part is directed into converter where products of incomplete combustion of fuel are oxidized to final combustion products-carbon dioxide and water. Rise of temperature, as compared with delivery of exhaust gases directly from engine, increases efficiency of oxidizing of exhaust gases in converter.

EFFECT: improved neutralization of exhaust gases.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to environmental issues of industry and vehicles and can be used to neutralize the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.

A known method of recirculation of part of the exhaust gas (see Smileis V.I. Low-toxic diesel engines, L .: Engineering, 1972, p. 76).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inability to use the thermal energy of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine to improve the processes of gas neutralization.

Also known is a method of cooling gases in a vortex tube, comprising transferring excess kinetic energy to external layers of gases that are heated, while the inner layers are cooled. The external heated layers move to the throttle valve, and the cold internal ones move in the opposite direction (see Shemakhanov MM, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Conditioning of the Mining Atmosphere, M .: Nedra, 1974, p. 182).

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the heated gas stream is not used to neutralize the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of neutralizing exhaust gases by recirculating part of the gases cooled in a special refrigerator (see. V. Zvonov. Toxicity of internal combustion engines, M .: Mashinostroenie, 1973, p. 92).

The disadvantage of this method is that for cooling the bypassed gases, engine coolant is used, supplied to the radiator, through which the exhaust gases are passed. As a result, additional cooling of the coolant occurs. Also, it is not possible to use the thermal energy of the exhaust gases to improve the processes of neutralization of active toxic impurities.

The objective of the invention is the use of thermal energy of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine to improve the processes of neutralizing active toxic impurities.

The problem is solved in that in a method of neutralizing exhaust (exhaust) gases, including recirculating part of the exhaust gas and separating the exhaust gas into cooled and heated streams in a vortex tube located on the exhaust manifold of the engine, while reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides in the engine by recirculating part exhaust gases and accelerate the oxidation of carbon monoxide by increasing the temperature of the gases in the catalyst, and the cooled stream of gases from the vortex tube is fed back to the suction engine (in the engine cylinders with atmospheric air), and the hot stream is fed into the converter.

The drawing shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method of neutralizing exhaust gases, where the positions indicated: 1 - internal combustion engine; 2 - engine air intake; 3 - an exhaust manifold of the engine; 4 - vortex tube; 5 - neutralizer products of incomplete combustion of fuel; 6 - an exhaust pipe; 7 - fresh air entering the engine; 8 - gases cooled in a vortex tube; 9 - gases heated in a vortex tube; 10 - gases coming from the engine.

The method is as follows.

The exhaust gas stream 10 from the exhaust manifold 3 of the engine 1 is fed into a vortex tube 4, where the gases are separated into a cooled 8 and a heated 9 stream, the cooled gases are fed into the air intake of the engine 2, where they are mixed with atmospheric air 7 entering the engine, heated the gases from the vortex tube are fed into the converter 5, in which the products of incomplete combustion of the fuel are oxidized to the final products of combustion - carbon dioxide and water, then the neutralized gases are thrown out through the exhaust pipe 6 to the atmosphere. During the recirculation of cooled exhaust gases, the emission of nitrogen oxides is significantly reduced. An increase in the temperature of the exhaust gases in the converter, in comparison with the supply of exhaust gases directly from the engine, increases the efficiency of oxidation of products of incomplete combustion of fuel. Thus, a high degree of exhaust gas aftertreatment is achieved.

This method is advisable to apply in underground mines, where issues of fuel efficiency of engines compared to the need to neutralize exhaust gases are not significant. The proposed method in Q 1-3 of 2003 will be tested in the mines of OJSC Silvinit.

Claims (1)

A method of neutralizing exhaust gases, including recirculating part of the exhaust gas and separating the exhaust gas into cooled and heated flows in a vortex tube located on the exhaust manifold of the engine, while reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides in the engine by recirculating part of the exhaust gas and accelerating the oxidation of carbon monoxide due to increasing the temperature of the gases in the converter, characterized in that the cooled gas stream from the vortex tube is fed back to the engine intake, and the hot stream is fed to ytralizator.