RU2236803C2 - Radiation protective clothing with increased partial protection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of special clothing.

SUBSTANCE: radiation protective clothing with increased partial protection extent has overalls, helmet, gloves, and members manufactured from radiation reflecting materials. Portions of shielding enclosure of overalls in neck and groin regions are made from textile fabrics or pack thereof possessing enhanced shielding properties. Electrical distance between shielding layers defining pack is multiple the odd number of quarters of average wavelength within operating frequency band.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in protecting of individual from radiation.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of labor protection and safety, and is intended to protect against overexposure to electromagnetic energy of people professionally associated with intense high-frequency (HF) and ultra-high-frequency (microwave) radiation.

There are various options for clothing that performs the functions of personal protective equipment (PPE), the use of which reduces the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) affecting the human body [1-19].

The constructions of known PPE, including the device adopted for the prototype [14], do not take into account the natural uneven absorption of electromagnetic energy in different parts of the human body. The fact that the distribution of specific absorbed power (UPM) is uneven in the human body, a parameter that characterizes the intensity of EMP energy absorption in biological tissues, is known from the results of numerous studies obtained theoretically and experimentally, including during electromagnetic irradiation of people [20-25]. To illustrate in FIG. Figure 1 shows the graphs [21] typical of the results of this kind of research.

The graphs show that the value of UPM in the neck and groin significantly exceeds the average values. A similar non-uniformity of the UPM is preserved when using known PPE [9].

Vital organs are located in the above and adjacent body parts. Their functioning greatly affects the human activity and working capacity. The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, reproductive organs, lymph glands largely determine the mental and somatic state of the body. Violations in their work that occur during over-irradiation of EMR adversely affect health and can lead to various functional disorders, acute and / or chronic anomalies. Therefore, PPE from electromagnetic re-irradiation should provide a decrease in the microwave field intensity to the maximum permissible level (MPE) in these areas of the body. However, the known options for radiation protective clothing provide a reduction in electromagnetic radiation to the level of the remote control only on average throughout the volume. They have radiation shielding for all parts of the body about the same. In the areas of increased absorption mentioned above, EE is either insufficient or the required value is ensured by using a denser, better shielding and, therefore, more expensive fabric for overalls. In the latter case, the protection of most of the body turns out to be excessive, and the overall dimensions, heat insulation and cost characteristics of clothes are excessively high. As a result, the use of PPE is difficult and less effective.

The objective of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protection provided by the use of personal protective equipment.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in radioprotective clothing, with enhanced partial protection, including overalls, helmet, gloves and shoe covers made of radio-reflecting materials, sections of the shield of the overalls in the neck and groin area are made of textile fabrics or their package with increased efficiency shielding, while the electrical distance between the shielding layers forming the package, made a multiple of an odd number of quarters of the average wavelength of the working frequency range. In the graphs (figure 2) presents the experimentally obtained dependence of the EE package of fabric UUT-2.

The tests were carried out at two frequencies, comprising 948 and 3000 MHz, by measuring losses in a closed irradiating system. In this case, both structures with an air gap between the layers of reflective material were investigated, and when a layer of three-dimensional radio-absorbing knitwear (RPM) bonded from carbon-graphite filaments was placed between them. In both cases, as the “electric” distance between the layers (d _electr. ), Determined by the formula below, approaches a multiple of an odd number of quarters of the average wavelength, the operating frequency range of the EE packet increases significantly

where d is the distance between the layers of material, cm;

ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium filling the gap between the layers;

- величина, определяющая уменьшение длины волны ЭМИ в материале, по сравнению со свободным пространством, - коэффициент укорочения.

- the value that determines the decrease in the wavelength of EMR in the material, compared with free space, is the shortening coefficient.

The value of the relative dielectric constant of the knitted material according to the manufacturer is 2.5. Therefore, the real distance between the layers was approximately 1.6 times smaller than it was with the air gap.

Thus, in the proposed design of radiation protective clothing with enhanced partial (local, local) protection, a common feature with the prototype is the implementation of overalls from reflective textile materials. But unlike the prototype, there is an essential feature: the manufacture of clothing sections covering the neck and groin areas with increased EE, and if these elements are made from a package of radioprotective tissues, a design is chosen in which the “electric” distance between the layers of the radio-reflecting material is equal to the length an odd number of quarters of the average wavelength of the operating frequency range.

The performance of clothes in the neck and groin with structural elements that provide increased EE, or the manufacture of these sections of clothing from a bag with an “electric” distance between the reflective layers that is a multiple of an odd number of quarters of the average wavelength of the operating frequency range, are signs sufficient to obtain the required the result is increased protection effectiveness.

At frequencies of 2.6-4.0 GHz, tests were carried out on a laboratory prototype of radiation protective clothing with enhanced partial protection made of Voskhod radio-reflecting fabric [26]. The layout was a device, the main part of which was made in accordance with the prototype device [14], and inside the overalls in the neck and groin areas another layer of the same knitted fabric and a layer of reflecting fabric “Sunrise” were sewn directly onto the RPM fabric. As a result, the bag consisted of two layers of Sunrise reflective fabric, between which were two layers of absorbent fabric. The total thickness of the RPM layers was about 1.5 cm, which, taking into account the wave shortening coefficient indicated above, corresponded to a quarter of the wavelength at a frequency close to 3.2 GHz. The results of measurements carried out using the known method [27] are shown in FIG. 3.

The obtained results confirmed the possibility of equalizing the UPM value in the body and increasing the effectiveness of PPE, made in the form of radioprotective clothing with enhanced partial protection.

The absence in the devices - analogues and in the prototype of the sign - of structural elements with increased EE in areas covering the areas of the neck and groin, - indicates that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

The claimed invention satisfies the criterion of “inventive step”, because, despite the well-known facts about the uneven distribution of UPM in the human body, from the analysis of sources of information on PPE, the necessity and possibility of this change in the design of radiation protective clothing, namely: introducing elements with increased EE in areas of clothing covering the human body in the neck and groin.

Compliance with the criterion of “suitability for industrial use” is confirmed by the positive results of tests of the manufactured model of radiation protective clothing with enhanced partial protection.

Literature

1. The development of protective clothing for personnel located in high-frequency fields // TIIER.- 1961. - t.1, p.71-84.

2. Gordon Z. V., Eliseeva V. D. Means of protection against microwave radiation and their effectiveness // Тр. Laboratories of the EMF of the Institute of Labor and Occupational Diseases of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR.-1964.- Issue 2, p.31-40.

3. Nikitin A.A. et al. Development of radioprotective fabric without microwire for workwear. Ways to improve personal protective equipment for workers in the workplace. - M., 1973, p. 126-129.

4. Minin B.A. Microwave and human security. M .: Sov. Radio, 1974.- 354 p.

5. SSBT. Special clothing for protection against electromagnetic fields. Dressing gowns man's and female with a hood. TU 17 of the RSFSR, 06-2- (100-101) -78. - M., 1978.

6. Krylov V.A., Yuchenkova T.V. Protection against electromagnetic radiation. - M .: Owls. Radio 1979, 216 pp.

7. Marchenko B.S., Stepanova T.I., Denisova L.V. Personal protective equipment against electromagnetic fields. Electronic equipment. Ser. “Microwave Electronics”, 1980. Issue 12 (324), pp. 37-39.

8. Marchenko B.S. Means of protection against dangerous and harmful production factors and their control. - M .: MD NTP, 1981, 94 p.

9. Chou C-K, Guy A.W., McDougall J.A. Shielding effectiveness of improved microwave protective suits / IEE Trans. on MTT. 1987, vol. 35, No. 11, pp. 995-1001.

10. Chubarova Z.S. Methods for assessing the quality of special clothing. M .: Legprombytizdat, 1988, 160 p.

11. Microwave Protective Suit. Screenex MPS // Prospect of the Generalexport.- Yugoslavia, 1988, 2 c.

12. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the protective suit against electromagnetic microwave radiation / Kalyada TV, Busygina LK, Nikitina VN, Chinko DV. // Scientific-practical conference “Current state and prospects of development of hygiene of clothes, shoes and equipment ”Leningrad, October 15-16, 1991: abstract. doc. - SPb., VMedA, 1991, p. 34-35.

13. Osipovich V.K., Spiridonov K.A. Efficiency of shielding of radio emissions with protective clothing // Abstract. int. symposium “Protection against electromagnetic pollution of the environment”, June 21-25, 1993 - St. Petersburg: Leningrad. Forestry Academy. 1993, p. 98.

14. Pat. 2045922 Russia, MKI 6 A 41 D 13/00. Radiation protective clothing / V.I. Efremov, E.I. Kulikovsky, V.K. Osipovich, K.A. Spiridonov, V.I. Yashin (Russia). - No. 5066020/23; claimed 06/22/92; Publ. 10/20/95, Bull. Inventions 1995, No. 29.

15. Kachmar M. Radiation Protection in Small to Extralarge // Microwaves and RF.-1986. - Vol. 25. N7, pp. 41-42.

16. Klascius A.F. Microwave Radiation Protective SuiV / American Industrial Hygiene J.-1971. Nov, pp. 771-774.

17. Joiner K.H., Copeland P.R., McFarlane I.P. An Evaluation of a Radiofreguency Protective Suit and Electrically Conductive Fabrics // IEEE Trans on EMC. 1989.-Vol.31, N2, pp.l29-137.

18. Ebneth H., Fitzky H. A. Metallized Cloth for Microwave Protective Suits // Mikrowellen Magazin. 1983-Vol. 9, N2, pp. 192-196.

19. Bolinger W. Protective Suit Against Electromagnetic Fields of Post Office Transmitting Units // Mikrowellen Magazin.-1983-Vol.9, N2, pp. 197-199.

20. Habib Massoudi, Carl H. Durney, and Magdy F. Iskander. Comparison of the Absorption Characteristics of Block and Prolate Spheroidal Models of Man Exposed to Near Fields of Short Electric Dipole // TMHP, 1981, v. 69, No. 8, p. 1086-1987.

21. Dosimetry in a full scale model of the human body / Maria A. Stuchly, Andrzej Kraszewski, Stanislaw S. Stuchly, George Hartsgrove and Daniel Adamski // International symposium on electromagnetic compatibility. October 16-18, 1984, Tokyo 3. Takanawa, Minato-ku Tokyo 108, Japan, ref, 17AE7.

22. Numerical calculation of induced currents in humans and experimental animals exposed to ELF electric field. / Koichi Shimizu, Tetsuo Kobayashi, Goro Matsumoto // / International symposium on electromagnetic compatibility. October 16-18, 1984, Tokyo 3. Takanawa, Minato-ku Tokyo 108, Japan, ref, 17PE4

23. Determination of power absorption in man exposed to high frequency electromagnetic fields by thermografic measurements on scale models / A.W. Guy, M.D. Webb, C.C. Sorensen // Trans IEEE on BME, 1976, vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 361-371.

24. Modern ideas about the doses of EMP absorbed by humans and animals / O.P. Gandhi // TIIER, 1980, vol. 68, No. 1, pp. 31-39.

25. The use of sensible reflectors for multilateral animal irradiation in experiments to study the biological effects of electromagnetic fields. / O.P. Gandhi, E. Hunt / UTIER, 1980, v. 68, No. 1, p. 191-194.

26. Certificate for the fabric “Sunrise”: GOST R Ru. M 001.1.2.1112 dated 1/17/94.

27. Pat. 2153785, Russia, MKI 7 H 05 K 9/00, G01 R 31/00, 29/08. A method for evaluating the radio-shielding properties of radiation protective clothing. / T.S. Bekreneva, V.I. Efremov, G.Yu. Zakharova, V.K. Osipovich, A.V. Polonik, K.A. Spiridonov (Russia). - No. 98123125/09; claimed 12/15/98; publ. 07.27.00, Bull. Inventions, 2000. No. 21.

Claims (1)

Radioprotective clothing with enhanced partial protection, including overalls, helmet, gloves, shoe covers made of radio-reflective materials, characterized in that the parts of the screening casing of the overalls in the neck and groin are made of textile fabrics or their bag with increased shielding efficiency, while the electric distance between the shielding layers forming the packet, a multiple of an odd number of quarters of the average wavelength of the working frequency range is made.

Images