RU223665U1 - Closed Loop Shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to crushing and processing, construction and equipment for the production of materials used in the construction materials industry, mining, chemical and metallurgical industries, and can be used in the beneficiation and processing of mineral raw materials. A closed-loop grinder includes an electric motor, a cylindrical body in which the shaft is located, a bowl-shaped rotor with radial ribs and outlet holes made in its side surface, a loading pipe, a cover, a funnel, a receiving container, gears, and bearings. Moreover, the upper gear shaft with the protrusions of the teeth enters the depressions of the lower gear shaft, and a tension nut and a lock nut are installed on its threaded part, while the upper and lower gear shafts are connected by springs mounted in the semi-housing. A closed-loop shredder allows for finer and smoother control of the closed-loop torque at which material destruction occurs. The technical result is a reduction in electricity consumption due to the creation of voltage in a closed circuit and the ability to quickly reconfigure the grinder for materials with different physical, mechanical and rheological characteristics. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to crushing and processing equipment; it can also find application in technological processes in the production of materials used in the building materials industry, in the mining, chemical and metallurgical industries, and can find application in road construction, public utilities, and waste recycling , formed as a result of the production activities of various industries.

Close in technical essence to the technical solution supplied is a dynamic autogenous grinding mill (patent for invention No. 2234373 of the Russian Federation MPK V02S 13/14, application 03/05/2003, publ. 08/20/2004, bulletin No. 23).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the unclear principle of its operation in the device, the lack of ability to regulate the stressed state in a closed loop, leading to difficulty in creating the moment at which the destruction of the lump material occurs.

The closest in technical essence to the submitted technical solution, adopted as a prototype, is the utility model “Mill with a closed loop” No. 217782 of the Russian Federation, MPK V02S 13/14, appl. 01/17/2023, publ. 18.04. 2023, Bulletin. No. 11.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the impossibility of smoothly regulating the stressed state of a closed loop to provide the necessary forces used to destroy solids with different physical and technical properties.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to develop a more advanced method for creating voltage in a Closed Loop, allowing for its smooth regulation, providing a higher intensity of interaction between pieces and particles for materials with different physical and mechanical properties and reducing electricity consumption.

This task is achieved by the fact that the grinder containing an electric motor, a cylindrical body in which the shaft is located, a bowl-shaped rotor with radial ribs and outlet holes made in its side surface, a loading pipe, a cover, a funnel, a receiving container, gears, bearings, is distinguished by the fact that that the upper gear shaft, with the protrusions of the teeth, enters the depressions of the lower gear shaft, while the upper and lower gear shafts are connected by springs mounted in the half-body, and a tension nut and a lock nut are installed on its threaded part

The proposed device is illustrated in Fig. 1, 2 and 3, which depict a closed-loop chopper of the proposed design.

A closed-loop chopper contains a frame 1 on which an electric motor 2 is mounted using bolted connections. A shaft 4 is attached to the shaft of the electric motor 2 using a coupling 3. A drive gear 5 of the upper branch of the closed loop is mounted on the shaft 4 using a keyed connection. In the lower part, the shaft 4 is mounted using a bearing 6 mounted on an unloading tray 7. A cylindrical body 9 is attached to the frame 1 using spacers 8. A cup-shaped rotor 10 is mounted on the lower part of the shaft 4 using a keyed connection, which is uniformly divided into six equal-sized segments. On the side surface of the bowl-shaped rotor 10, outlet holes 12 are made, which serve to evacuate through them crushed particles of material that have reached sizes smaller than the diameter of these holes.

To load the source material on the cover 14, attached to the cylindrical body 9 using bolted connections, a loading pipe 13 attached to it is used. The source material loaded through the loading pipe 13 forms a vertical column 32 in the cylindrical body 9. The lower part of the cylindrical body 9 rests on the unloading funnel 15 connected to the unloading tray 16.

The drive gear 5 of the upper branch of the closed circuit is in mesh with the driven gear 17 of this branch. The driven gear 17 is mounted on the upper gear shaft 18 using a keyed connection. The drive gear 20 of the lower branch of the closed circuit is mounted on the lower toothed shaft 19. The driving gear 20 of the drive of the lower branch of the closed circuit is meshed with the driven gear 21, which is installed at the lower end of the shaft 4 using a key connection.

On the upper part of the lower gear shaft 19, triangular teeth 27 are made. On the lower part of the upper gear shaft 18, teeth 28 of a similar shape are made. The upper gear shaft 18 consists of an upper 23 and a lower 24 semi-housing, connected to each other using springs 25 (Figs. 1 and 2). On the upper part of the geared upper shaft 18 there are technological holes 26, which serve to twist this shaft at a certain angle relative to the lower geared shaft 19 when regulating the value of the stress state in a closed loop, including a closed kinematic chain: the upper end of the shaft 4 of the electric motor shaft 2 - drive gear 5 - driven gear 17 - upper 18 and lower 19 gear shaft - driving 20 and lower 21 driven gear of the lower branch - lower end of shaft 4 - electric motor shaft 2.

The lower gear shaft 19 has a hexagonal surface 29, which allows, using a wrench of the appropriate size or other metalworking tool, to twist the upper gear shaft 18 to a certain angle.

To fix the position of the teeth 27 and 28 of the upper 18 and lower 19 gear shaft relative to each other, a tension nut 30 and a lock nut installed on the threaded part of the upper gear shaft 18 are used.

A receiving container 34 is used to collect the crushed material.

The closed loop chopper of this design works as follows.

Initially, the raw material for processing is continuously or batch-loaded into the cylindrical body 3 through the loading pipe 13. When the electric motor 2 is turned on, a constantly renewable vertical column 32 of material will be formed in the cylindrical housing 9 above the bowl-shaped rotor 10.

As a result of the influence of the ribs 11 of the rotating bowl-shaped rotor 10 on the lump material, they will begin to move upward along its inclined surface under the action of centrifugal forces, while simultaneously pressing against the radial ribs 11. Having reached a certain height, they will fall down under the influence of their own gravity and enter the active zone 33, where, in contact with each other, they are destroyed due to impacts, splitting and abrasion, shrinking relative to their original sizes.

Particles of already destroyed material with sizes smaller than the diameters of the outlet openings 12 will be evacuated through them and further, moving under the influence of their own gravity along the inclined surfaces of the unloading funnel 7 and unloading tray 15, accumulate in the receiving container 34.

Particles that have not reached sizes less than the diameters of the outlet holes 12, together with the newly entering source material into the cavity of the bowl-shaped rotor 10 through the loading funnel 13, will re-move along a toroidal trajectory inside it and enter the active zone 33 where they will be subject to repeated destruction as a result of impacts , splitting and abrasion.

The links that are part of a closed loop, including solid bodies forming a vertical column 32 of material, will experience a stressed state created as a result of twisting of the upper gear shaft 18 of the shaft relative to the lower gear shaft 19. The resulting elastic forces generated during their deformation will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the destruction of solid bodies forming the vertical column 32 due to their more intense abrasion and crushing when in contact with each other. As a result of the force impact on solids from the elastic forces that arise, a certain part of the kinetic energy will be released, which will participate in their destruction during the rotation of the bowl-shaped rotor 10, which will lead to a decrease in electricity consumption.

To increase the degree of tension in a closed loop, the following operation is performed.

First, using the tension nut 30 and the lock nut, they are twisted along the threaded part of the upper 18 gear shaft. As a result of their screwing, the upper part of the upper gear shaft 18 of the spring 25 will be released from the load created by the load and the teeth 27 of the upper 18 gear shaft will rise upward by a distance Δ and disengage with the teeth 28 of the lower gear shaft 19. This will allow, using technological holes 26 and appropriate metalworking tool, twist the upper gear shaft 18 to a certain angle, which will allow its protrusions 27 to be inserted into the new depressions 28 of the lower gear shaft 19, creating by this action a new power state of a closed circuit.

After this, the surface of the hexagonal section (tension nut) 29 is screwed in the opposite direction, as a result of which the teeth 27 of the upper gear shaft 18 will move down and take a position between adjacent teeth 28 and will take a new position relative to the teeth 28 of the lower gear shaft 19, thereby ensuring the twisting of the upper gear shaft 18 relative to the upper gear shaft 19, which will create a more stressed state of the closed loop, which will create a more precise torque at which the corresponding material will be destroyed and will lead to a decrease in energy consumption.

The technical result of the developed design of a closed-loop shredder will provide more accurate control of the stress state in a closed loop, allowing the shredding device to be adapted to materials depending on their physical and mechanical characteristics and reduce energy consumption.

Claims (1)

A closed-loop grinder containing an electric motor, a cylindrical housing in which the shaft is located, a bowl-shaped rotor with radial ribs and outlet holes made in its side surface, a loading pipe, a cover, a funnel, a receiving container, gears, bearings, characterized in that the upper gear The shaft, with the protrusions of the teeth, fits into the cavities of the lower gear shaft, while the upper and lower gear shafts are connected by springs mounted in the half-case, and a tension nut and a lock nut are installed on its threaded part.