RU2235180C2 - Device for directional drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drilling equipment, particularly for boring directionally drilled and inclined wells and for well inclination angle change.

SUBSTANCE: device has hollow body with support end. Installed in hollow body is rod adapter with movable rest for providing cooperation between rod adapter end having support end of hollow body and with outer extension formed on rod adapter. Device also comprises semi-axle or axis of rotation arranged in plane perpendicular to device axis, O-ring and sealing bushing with spherical working surfaces located at bushing ends. Lower working surfaces of sealing bushing may cooperate with rod adapter. Rod adapter is rotatably installed inside hollow body. Device is provided with upper sub arranged in hollow body and connected with body by means of semi-axles or axis of rotation. O-ring is placed on upper sub to provide cooperation with hollow body end. Movable rest is formed as locking nut secured by means of additional left-handed thread made on rod adapter. O-ring may slide along hollow body end and is spring-loaded. Upper end of sealing bushing is located in upper sub above semi-axles or axis of rotation. Lower end of sealing bushing is arranged in rod adapter under semi-axles or axis of rotation.

EFFECT: increased reliability and service life.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

A device for directional drilling relates to drilling equipment and can be used when drilling directional and horizontal oil and gas wells as a part of downhole screw motors to match the direction of its curvature plane with the direction of the curvature plane performed on a downhole screw motor (to change the intensity of a set of curvature of a drilled well )

Known hinged coupling of the drill string containing a hollow body and a pipe installed in it, connected to the hollow body by means of a sleeve with dowels and a cam clutch with slots made on additional spherical surfaces of the body and the sleeve, and a sealing assembly made in the form of a spherical surface and a rubber sleeve (see, for example, AS No. 1656113, Е 21 В 7/08, publ. 06/15/91, bull. No. 22).

A disadvantage of the known hinged coupling of the drill string is that it is not protected from ingress of cuttings (small abrasive particles of drill cuttings) into the gaps between the slots from the annulus during tripping. This leads to the fact that the known hinge coupling of the drill string loses its ability to bend relative to the longitudinal axis and ceases to fulfill its main function, because the sludge, falling into the gaps, settles, accumulates there, is cemented and forms one with the details of the known articulated coupling, preventing its distortion.

The closest to the invention in technical essence and the technical result achieved is a device for directional drilling, comprising a hollow body with a thrust end, an adapter nipple with a movable stop mounted therein for interacting with its ends with a thrust end of the hollow body and with an external protrusion made on the adapter nipple, the rotation axis installed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device, the sealing ring and the sealing sleeve with spherical working surfaces at the ends, neither of of which are mounted for engagement with the transfer pin (see. e.g., Patent of the Russian Federation №2081987, 6 E 21 B 7/08, publ. 06.20.97, at Bul. №17). This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

However, the known device for directional drilling does not solve the problem of orientation (position in space) of the plane of its curvature with the plane of curvature of downhole mechanisms installed with it in the same layout.

This disadvantage of the known device for directional drilling does not allow its use in joint arrangements and does not allow to increase the accuracy of well drilling along the calculated trajectories.

Another disadvantage of the known device for directional drilling is that the device has difficult access to rubbing parts (axles) for lubrication and requires periodic disassembly and assembly of the device in a repair base.

This creates some inconvenience and additional difficulties in the operation of the known device for directional drilling. These and other disadvantages of the known device for directional drilling do not allow to fully ensure their long trouble-free operation, do not provide the opportunity to increase the reliability, durability and economic efficiency of the device and at the same time provide the necessary accuracy of wiring directional and horizontal wells.

The objectives of the invention are to eliminate the existing disadvantages of the known device for directional drilling and to improve the accuracy of drilling of directional and horizontal wells by creating the possibility of combining the curvature plane of the proposed device for directional drilling and possible curvature planes, jointly installed downhole mechanisms (for example, curved helical downhole motors) , preservation for a longer period in working condition, increase n reliability, durability and cost effectiveness of a device for directional drilling.

The tasks are solved due to the fact that in the known device for directional drilling, containing a hollow body with a thrust end, a transitional nipple installed therein with a movable stop for interacting with its ends with the thrust end of the hollow body and with an external protrusion, half shaft or rotation axis mounted in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device, a sealing ring and a sealing sleeve with spherical working surfaces at the ends, the lower of which are installed with In accordance with the invention, the adapter nipple is rotatably mounted in the hollow body, and the device is equipped with an upper sub mounted in the hollow body and connected therewith by half shafts or a pivot axis, the sealing ring being mounted on the upper sub for interacting with the end face hollow body:

- the movable stop is made in the form of a lock nut mounted on an additional left thread made on the adapter nipple;

- the sealing ring is mounted on the upper sub with the possibility of sliding along the end of the hollow body and is spring-loaded, the upper end of the sealing sleeve is installed in the upper sub and placed above the half shaft or pivot axis, and the lower end of the sealing sleeve is installed in the adapter nipple and placed below the half shaft or pivot axis.

As a result of the fact that in the proposed device for directional drilling, comprising a hollow body with a thrust end, a transitional nipple with a movable stop mounted therein for interacting with its ends with the thrust end of the hollow body and with an external protrusion, half shaft or axis of rotation made on the transition nipple, mounted in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the device, a sealing ring and a sealing sleeve with spherical working surfaces at the ends, the lower of which are installed with the possibility of interaction with a transitional nipple, the transitional nipple is rotatably mounted in the hollow body, and the device is equipped with an upper sub mounted in the hollow body and connected to it by means of half shafts or a rotation axis, the sealing ring being installed on the upper sub for interacting with the end face of the hollow body, it is possible to control the position of the plane of the probable deviation in space (relative to the plane of the possible curvature of the device), its installation, fixing and fixing the position and determines (sets) the position of the output transition of the thread of the pin of the device for directional drilling which connects curved mechanism. This allows you to combine the plane of a possible deviation of the proposed device for directional drilling with the plane of curvature of bottomhole mechanisms (for example, a curved helical bottomhole motor) installed below the proposed device. In this regard, when drilling, it becomes possible to change the rate of set of the curvature of the well and provide more accurate wiring of directional and horizontal wells.

In addition, reliable sealing of the movable joint of the sealing sleeve and adapter nipple is achieved.

This prevents flushing fluid containing small abrasive particles from entering the friction units through the movable connection of the device, prevents leakage of flushing fluid into the annulus and helps to increase the service life of the proposed directional drilling device.

As a result of the fact that in the proposed device for directional drilling, the movable stop is made in the form of a lock nut mounted on an additional left thread made on the adapter nipple, it is possible to stop it, stop and fix it in each case when the adapter is rotated in the hollow body to control the direction of deviation position within the rotation angle from 0 to 360 °. This allows you to accurately combine the curvature plane of the connected downhole mechanisms with the plane of the possible deviation of the proposed device for directional drilling and to increase the accuracy of wiring directional wells.

The thread (mainly right) made on the adapter nipple for connection to the hollow body, and the additional left thread for installing a movable stop made in the form of a lock nut, when tightening (when fastening), they ensure the jamming of two threads, precise fixation of the installed position and reliable , rigid mount of directional drilling device. This positively affects the accuracy of well drilling along a given (calculated) trajectory.

As a result of the fact that in the proposed device for directional drilling, the sealing ring is mounted on the upper sub with the possibility of sliding along the end of the hollow body and is spring-loaded, the upper end of the sealing sleeve is installed in the upper sub and placed above the half shaft or pivot axis, and the lower end of the sealing sleeve is installed in transitional nipple and is located below the half-axis or axis of rotation, sealing of the nodes of the half-axis or axis of rotation is achieved, leakage of washing liquid and pron novena slurry in friction components, lubrication is provided to hold the friction surfaces for a longer period.

This allows you to prevent destructive hydroabrasive wear of parts, improve lubrication of friction surfaces, reduce the friction coefficient and reduce friction losses due to improved lubrication, ensure reliable and longer operation of the proposed device for directional drilling.

Thus, the implementation of the distinguishing features in conjunction with the known in the proposed device for directional drilling creates the opportunity to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the known device for directional drilling, and to improve the accuracy of wiring directional and horizontal wells, keeping the device for a longer period in working condition, improving the reliability, durability and economic efficiency of the proposed device for directional drilling.

To clarify the essence of the invention, the drawings are presented.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the proposed device for directional drilling, a longitudinal section.

Figure 2 shows a cross section along aa in figure 1.

The device for directional drilling comprises a hollow body 1 with a thrust end 2, a transitional nipple 3 installed therein with a movable stop 4 for interacting with its ends 5 with a thrust end 2 of the hollow body 1 and an end face 6 with an outer protrusion 7 made on the transitional nipple 3, of the axle shaft 8 (or axis) of rotation, installed in a plane perpendicular to the axis 9 of the device, the sealing ring 10 and the sealing sleeve 11 with spherical working surfaces 12 and 13, the lower 13 of which are installed with the possibility of interaction with the transitional nip 3. In the device for directional drilling, the adapter nipple 3 is installed in the hollow body 1 with the possibility of rotation on the thread 14, and the device is equipped with an upper sub 15 installed in the hollow body 1 and connected with it via the rotary axes 8 (or axis), while the sealing ring 10 is installed on the upper sub 15 for interaction with the end face 16 of the hollow body 1.

In the proposed device for directional drilling, the movable stop 4 is made in the form of a lock nut mounted on an additional left-hand thread 17 made on the adapter nipple 3. The sealing ring 10 is mounted on the upper sub 15 with the possibility of sliding along the end face 16 of the hollow body 1 and spring-loaded with cup springs 18, the upper end 19 of the sealing sleeve 11 is installed in the upper sub 15 and placed above the semi-axis 8 (or axis) of rotation, and the lower end 20 of the sealing sleeve 11 is installed in the adapter nipple 3 and size puppy below the semi-axis 8 (or axis) of rotation.

In the proposed device for directional drilling, the upper sub 15 can be connected to the hollow body 1 by means of a single axis of rotation (not shown in the drawing), in which a through hole must be made perpendicular to the axis, sufficient for passage of the sealing sleeve 11. It will increase the rigidity rotation axis and the entire device. The adapter nipple 3 is connected to the hollow body 1 by means of a thread 14, which may be cylindrical, conical, trapezoidal, thrust, etc. Most preferred is a small-taper metric thread, which is widespread and used in drilling equipment. The sealing ring 10 can be spring-loaded with cup springs 18, coil or taper coil, split, and other springs (not shown in the drawing).

In the proposed device for directional drilling, the space outside the sealing sleeve 11 between the ends 19 and 20 with spherical working surfaces 12 and 13 and the upper sub 15, the adapter nipple 3 and the hollow body 1 is filled with lubricant with a graphite filler, metal, modified, etc.

Other structural options for the proposed device for directional drilling are possible.

The device for directional drilling is connected to drill pipes (not shown) by the upper sub 15, and the adapter nipple 3 is connected to downhole mechanisms, for example, to a curved downhole screw motor (not shown) and is securely fixed.

A device for directional drilling as follows. The curvature plane of a downhole screw motor connected to a directional drilling device most often does not coincide with the plane of a possible deviation of the hollow body 1 with the adapter nipple 3 relative to the upper sub 15.

To combine these planes, it is necessary to turn the movable stop 4 on the transitional nipple 3 and lower it to the stop, until the end 6 of the movable stop 4 contacts the outer protrusion 7 of the transitional nipple 3. Turning the transitional nipple 3 (together with the curved downhole motor connected to it) into hollow housing 1, combine the plane of curvature of the downhole screw motor with the plane of possible deviation of the upper sub 15 in the hollow housing 1 on the rotation axles 8 (or axis).

The gap between the thrust end 2 of the hollow body 1 and the end 5 of the movable stop 4 should be minimal. Turning the movable stop 4 on the additional left-hand thread 17 relative to the adapter nipple 3, raise it until the end face 5 of the movable stop 4 interacts with the stop end 2 of the hollow body 1.

Tighten (fix) the movable stop 4 on the additional left-hand thread 17 to prevent rotation of the hollow body 1 relative to the adapter nipple 3 (and relative to the curved downhole screw motor connected to the proposed device for directional drilling).

Due to the fact that the additional thread 17 is made left, and the thread 14 of the adapter nipple 3 is made right when tightening the additional left thread 17, rotation of the adapter nipple 3 in the hollow body 1 is prevented by friction at the ends 2 and 5 and in the opposite threads 14 and 17 .

This eliminates the possibility of changing the relative position of the combined planes and eliminates the causes of errors in the wiring of directional wells.

When working inside the device for directional drilling, flushing fluid flows under excessive pressure. The sealing sleeve 11, thanks to the spherical working surfaces 12 at the upper end 19 and 13 at the lower end 20, together with the round rubber rings seals the internal cavity of the device, does not pass the flushing liquid containing small abrasive particles into the friction units of the rotation axis 8 (or axis), thereby protecting them from intense wear and tear and contributing to the preservation of a device for directional drilling for a longer period. The spherical working surfaces 12 and 13 of the sealing sleeve 11 allow it to deviate by a certain angle relative to the axis 9 of the device without violating the sealing, and the placement of the spherical working surfaces 12 above and 13 below the rotation axis 8 (or axis) protect the axis 8 (or axis) turning away from washing liquid. O-ring 10 mounted on the upper sub 15 with the possibility of sliding along the end face 16 of the hollow body 1 and spring-loaded with cup springs 18 allows sealing of the rotation axes 8 (or axis) and prevents sludge from entering the gaps of the annulus, blocking radial gaps and tightly clinging under the action of Belleville springs 18 to the movable end 16 of the hollow body 1.

When the upper sub 15 is rotated relative to the hollow body 1 or when the hollow body 1 is deflected together with the adapter nipple 3 and the downhole mechanism connected to it (not shown in the drawing), the o-ring 10, pressed by disk springs 18 to the hollow body 1, slides along the movable end 16 hollow body 1, and round rubber rings installed in the grooves seal the movable joint and prevent the penetration of cuttings into the device for directional drilling.

Thus, the implementation of the distinguishing features of the proposed device for directional drilling in combination with and in combination with the known ones creates the opportunity to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the known device for directional drilling and to achieve a positive technical result:

- creating the ability to control the position of the plane of deviation of the device for directional drilling in space;

- reducing the possibility of leakage of washing liquid containing small abrasive particles, and preventing sludge from entering the supports;

- reduction of the coefficient of friction and reduction of friction losses in the bearings (in the semiaxes (or axis) of rotation);

- prevention of premature abrasion, wear and preservation for a longer period in a healthy state of the device for directional drilling.

All this allows you to expand the arsenal of technical means and increase the accuracy of wiring directional and horizontal wells, to increase the reliability, durability and economic efficiency of the proposed device for directional drilling, that is, it allows to solve the problems posed in the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A device for directional drilling, comprising a hollow body with a thrust end, a transitional nipple installed in it with a movable stop for interacting with its ends with a thrust end of the hollow body and with an external protrusion on the adapter nipple, a half shaft or a pivot axis installed in a plane perpendicular device axes, a sealing ring and a sealing sleeve with spherical working surfaces at the ends, the lower of which are installed with the possibility of interaction with the adapter nipple, characterized by the fact that the transition nipple mounted in the hollow body rotatably, and the device is provided with a top sub mounted in the housing floor and the associated semi-axes or by rotation axis, the sealing ring mounted on the top sub to interact with the end face of the hollow body. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable stop is made in the form of a lock nut mounted on an additional left-hand thread made on the adapter nipple. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealing ring is mounted on the upper sub with the possibility of sliding along the end of the hollow body and is spring-loaded, the upper end of the sealing sleeve is installed in the upper sub and placed above the half shaft or axis of rotation, and the lower end of the sealing the sleeves are installed in the transitional nipple and placed below the semi-axes or the axis of rotation.

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