RU2234180C2 - Cable sheath and insulation cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes cutting of sheath and insulation of ribbed cable horizontally held in position by means of rollers that moves toward guide assembly of coordinate table, and also its alternate cutting along cable motion line by working fluid jet supplied at pressure of maximum 300 MPa and escaping from nozzle assembly disposed on mentioned coordinate table.

EFFECT: provision for eliminating damage to cable conductor and for reusing it in cable manufacture.

1 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The method of cutting the sheath and insulation of cables with a diameter of 3 to 50 mm with a high-pressure water jet (maximum 300 MPa) on the coordinate table is used to separate the structural elements of the cable from each other - sheaths from insulated conductors, insulation from conductive wires for further use in production (for secondary processing)

State of the art

Information about analogues taken from the prior art:

- technological instruction “Stripping insulation from single-wire waste of copper and aluminum wires on a machine for stripping insulation inv. No. 54827, inv. No. 54740,

- magazine “Cables and wires” No. 2 of 2002, Moscow, RF patent No. 2179357 “Device for stripping insulation from a cable” (application of October 16, 2000 No. 2000125977/09) was published on February 10, 2002.

Similar in essential features and purpose analogues of the method of cutting the shell of the method:

1 / the method of stripping plastic insulation from single-wire conductors by crushing by a crushing process is a process in which, when an insulated wire passes through a certain gap between rotating rollers, the insulation of a single-wire core is released,

2 / method for stripping the cable with a knife. Methods for removing insulation from plastics are designed to release single-wire wires and cores of various diameters from insulation.

1. The method of stripping the insulation on the machine for stripping the insulation is a gap in the insulation of the wire, core at the moment it passes into a certain gap between the rotating rolls from deformation of the metal core.

2. The method of stripping the cable with a knife is the process of manually cutting the sheath of a fixed cable with a knife.

Signs of the invention, coinciding with the signs of analogues:

- separation of the insulation material and the sheath from the metal cores.

In the practice of cable plants, both methods of separation of insulation are widely used, however, they have a number of significant drawbacks. When using both methods of stripping insulation from a conductive core, in most cases mechanical damage to the core occurs, which excludes further use in the cable manufacturing of a structural element - a conductive core. For secondary processing, it is possible to use only stripped insulation made of PVC compound or polyethylene. Work with manual scissors is inefficient. Cutting brittle, soft, sticky, fibrous materials is often impossible with the usual (mechanical) cutting method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The method of hydraulic cutting is one of the new high-performance methods for processing non-metallic and thin metallic materials. It was developed in order to eliminate the disadvantages of conventional mechanical methods for stripping cable cores. By the nature of the impact on the processed material, the water jet approaches a point tool, therefore, water cutting can be used when processing materials with a wide variety of physico-mechanical properties: from hard and brittle to soft and elastic.

Using the method of hydraulic cutting to remove insulation allows you to:

- to exclude the cutting tool from the technological process;

- significantly reduce the consumption of processed material by reducing (almost 40 times) the width of the cut and the use of non-waste cutting, because all structural elements of the cable after removal of the sheath or insulation can be reused in production,

- to exclude deformation of the processed material and areas adjacent to the cutting zone,

- ensure environmental cleanliness of the cutting process, as dust and gas contamination of the workplace are excluded,

- increase processing productivity by more than 2 times,

- for a round cable - cut off the sheath and insulation of the cable at the same time, for a ribbed cable - in order.

The use of this method in a hydraulic cutting installation does not require highly qualified staff.

The main technical result is the cutting of insulation or cable sheath without mechanical damage to the conductive core and the possibility of further use of semi-finished products in production is achieved by using a high-pressure water jet to cut the cable sheath and insulation. The method of cutting the insulation and cable sheath in a hydraulic cutting installation is as follows:

- working fluid, water, from the water main passes through the filter and goes to the pumping station,

- from the exit of the station, water under a working pressure of 200 MPa enters the nozzle assembly located on the coordinate table,

- the processed cable is passed through a pair of horizontal vertical rollers, then passed under a clip,

- a stream of water coming under pressure cuts the sheath or insulation material along,

- the sheath of the cable cut along the length is tucked between the pulling rollers and passed through the guide tube of the cutting unit, the end of the cable with stripped insulation is fixed on the receiving drum

Feedstock:

- working fluid - tap water or with the addition of polymers.

Recommended cutting conditions with additives (polyacrylamide) (table 1).

Recommended cutting conditions (without polymer additives) (table 2)

For hydraulic cutting, the cable is supplied in drums.

The method of cutting the sheath and insulation of the cable with a water jet is carried out on the coordinate table of the Pagrus-KCh cable cutting machine for recycling cable waste.

Installation "Pagrus-KCH" consists of three independent parts: a pumping station (figure 1, position 1), a coordinate table (figure 1, position 2), a unit with numerical control (figure 1, position 3) .

The coordinate table is designed for cutting the braid of cables. The table consists of the following main units and parts: bed, guide unit; nozzle assembly, consisting of a rack and pintles; node pulling the cable sheath, consisting of rollers, gearbox and motor; cutting unit, receiving tank and sump.

The filter provides a given filter fineness from 0.2 to 5 microns.

The method of cutting the sheath and insulation of the cable with a high-pressure water jet provides certain advantages that are not available to analogues: the absence of injuries, simplicity and ease of operation and maintenance of the installation. Water jet cuts without heating and sparking. This is very important when cutting materials that are easily exposed to melting and ignition when heated.

List of figures of drawings and other materials

The drawings show:

Figure 1 - installation hydraulic cutting for the disposal of cable waste "Pagrus-KCH".

Figure 2 - coordinate table installation hydraulic cutting for the disposal of cable waste with the process of cutting cable

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

For example, we give a method of cutting a plastic cable insulation of a runway brand with an external jet of water, the outer diameter is 8.56 mm. The content of the process for the application of the method of cutting the cable sheath:

- Preparation of materials: the cable for processing should be wound into drums, cleaned of foreign objects and dirt.

- The cable (figure 2, position 1) is fixed on the coordinate table: for this, the cable is passed through a pair of horizontal vertical rollers (figure 2, position 2), which fix the position and specify the direction of the cable for subsequent processing. Then the fixed cable is passed under the clip (figure 2, position 3). The position of the rollers and the clamp is set so that the cable moves freely. The cable moves along the guide unit (figure 2, item 4) of the coordinate table to the nozzle unit (figure 2, item 5), where the cutting occurs.

- Filtered water goes to the pumping station (Fig. 1, pos. 1), from where it comes under a working pressure of 200 MPA via a high pressure pipeline (Fig. 2, pos. 6) to the nozzle assembly located on the coordinate table.

- The lifting height of the nozzle cutting unit is adjusted manually, the quill (Fig. 2, item 7) is set at a distance of 12 mm from the cable.

- Turn on the hydraulics station and the water coming from the pump station to the nozzle assembly under pressure, leaving this assembly (Fig. 2, item 8) cuts the cable insulation along.

- Cut the sheath of the cable is tucked between the pulling rollers of the coordinate table (figure 2, item 9) and pass through the guide tube of the cutting unit. The end of the cable with stripped insulation (figure 2, 10) is fixed on the receiving drum.

- The jet of water, having worked out, enters the receiving tank (figure 2, item 11) along with the waste, then drains through the sump into the sewer.

- Cable waste - plastic insulation - is dried and sent for further processing: granulation and use as insulation material.

- Intact metal core is used in the manufacture of cable products.

The use of high pressure water jets for cutting the sheath and insulation of the cable allows to achieve the claimed technical result - the absence of mechanical damage to the conductive cable core and, as a result, the possibility of using semi-finished products in further production.

Claims (1)

The method of cutting the sheath and insulation of cables with a diameter of 3 to 50 mm, which consists in the fact that the sheath and insulation of a ribbed cable fixed horizontally by vertical rollers moving along the guide assembly of the coordinate table are cut in sequence along the line of cable movement with a high-pressure working fluid jet, maximum 300 MPa exiting the nozzle assembly located on this coordinate table.

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