RU2231597C1 - Device for manufacturing cast-in-place pile and cast-in-place pile produced by this device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction engineering; equipment for erecting cast-in-place piles and means for raising bearing capacity of soil and its consolidation.

SUBSTANCE: device designed for manufacturing cast-in-place pile on site of erection of various buildings and structures and for consolidating soil in erecting foundations has steel liner with top-mounted fixture for securing vibratory pile driver and bottom-mounted shoe. Novelty is that fixture for securing vibratory pile driver is made in the form of reinforcing ring enclosing top part of liner, this ring being welded to the latter; it also has reinforcing plate asymmetrical (preferably rhomb- or circle-shaped), as viewed from the top, which is fixed to liner and disposed below reinforcing ring, its pane being perpendicular to longitudinal axis of liner, as well as ribs, for instance those in the form of trapezoidal plates joining reinforcing ring and reinforcing plate together and symmetrically arranged relative to longitudinal axis of liner; wearing shoe is made in the form of plate whose surface area, as viewed from the top, is larger than that confined by external circumference of liner; attached to top part of wearing shoe plate is guide ring whose inner diameter is greater than outer diameter of liner by at least thickness of flexible (better rubber) spacer fitted in-between in the course of liner installation or whose outer diameter is smaller than inner diameter of liner by same value. Proposed device incorporates provision for enhancing bearing capacity of pile and for consolidating soil by optimizing process of formation of soil core under wearing shoe. Cast-in-place pile manufactured by means of this device has concrete or reinforced concrete body supported by wearing shoe provided with guide ring whereon it rests through flexible (better rubber) spacer or through at least part of this spacer.

EFFECT: enhanced quality of cast-in-place pile and its bearing capacity; reduced labor consumption for pile concreting.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, namely, equipment for the construction of printed piles in the ground to increase its bearing capacity at the place of construction of various buildings and structures, as well as to means of increasing the bearing capacity and strengthening of the soil, for example, in the process of building foundations or conducting in the ground various kinds of strengthening work.

Of the known closest in technical essence is a device for manufacturing a printed pile containing a casing pipe, immersed in soil using a vibration exciter mounted on its upper end with a support, and a lost shoe overlapping the cavity of the casing pipe (SU 1761868 A1, E 02 D 5/38, 09/15/1992).

Also known is the design of a stuffed pile made in the form of an extended, preferably vertically oriented, concrete or reinforced concrete body placed in the soil massif, the lower base of which rests through the shoe on a soil layer compacted during its vibration absorption and preferably has a broadening (SU 1761868 A1, E 02 D 5/38, 09/15/1992).

Known structures that use the method of vibro-immersion of the casing with the subsequent supply of concrete mixture into it and extraction of the casing do not exclude the possibility of reducing the strength characteristics of the built-in printed pile due to leaks during immersion of the lost shoe and casing, which can lead to leakage of groundwater into the cavity of the casing and the inevitability of concreting piles by the method of its displacement, which will negatively affect the quality of the piles. In addition, the process of creating a core of compacted soil that is moved during vibrational immersion of the casing in front of its shoe and affects the bearing capacity of piles is determined in all cases by the area of the working surface of the shoe and does not take into account the possibility of changing the category, moisture and density of the soil, which can lead to the size of the core or, as a result, to puncture the core with a shoe.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the quality of the constructed printed pile, increasing its bearing capacity by optimizing the formation of the soil core under the lost shoe, as well as reducing the complexity of the process of concreting piles.

This is achieved by the fact that:

- a device for manufacturing a stuffed pile contains a steel casing with a device for attaching a vibrator in the upper part and a shoe in the lower part, according to the invention, the device for mounting a vibrator is made in the form of a reinforcing ring covering the upper part of the pipe, and is attached to it by welding connected with a casing, and located below the reinforcing ring of the reinforcing plate, having in plan an axisymmetric shape, preferably a rhombus or circle, the plane of the cat the swarm is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing, and ribs in the form of, for example, trapezoidal plates connecting the reinforcing ring and the reinforcing plate and symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, and the shoe is made lost in the form of a plate with a larger area in plan than the area limited by the outer circumference of the casing pipes, and a guide ring is attached to the upper part of the plate of the lost shoe, the inner diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the casing by at least a thickness gaskets made between them during installation of the casing pipe from an elastic material, preferably rubber, or whose outer diameter is less than the inner diameter of the casing by the same amount. In addition, the gasket can be made with a minimum linear dimension along the length or width of its surface facing the pipe, not less than the sum of the inner or outer diameter of the shoe guide ring and the double height of its walls, respectively. The gasket is placed between the casing and the walls of the guide ring with the formation of protruding beyond the contour of the ring of its edges;

- the stuffed pile is made using the device described above, and its concrete or reinforced concrete body is supported on a lost shoe having a guide ring through a gasket of an elastic material, preferably rubber, or at least through a part thereof. In this case, the gasket can cover at least part of the perimeter of the lower part of the pile body with a height not less than the height of the walls of the guide ring of the lost shoe.

The technical result provided by the two objects is to improve the quality of the built-in printed pile and its load-bearing capacity by optimizing the formation of the soil core under the lost shoe, as well as reducing the laboriousness of the process of concreting piles.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of a device for the manufacture of printed piles, figure 2 is a view along aa in figure 1.

A device for manufacturing a stuffed pile contains a steel casing 1 with a device for attaching a vibration absorber (not shown) mounted in its upper part. The attachment for attaching the vibration absorber is made in the form of a reinforcing ring 2, covering the upper part of the pipe 1 and attached to it, for example, by welding, and connected to the casing 1 and located below the reinforcing ring of the reinforcing plate 3. The plate 3 has an axially symmetric shape, preferably a rhombus or a circle, and its plane is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing 1. The attachment for attaching the vibrator is also made with ribs 4 in the form of plates, for example trapezoidal, connecting the reinforcing a supporting ring 2 and a reinforcing plate 3. The ribs 4 are symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe 1. The lower part of the casing is provided with a lost shoe made in the form of a plate 5 with a larger area in plan than the outer circumference of the casing 1, and to the upper part of the plate 5 a guide ring 6 is attached to the lost shoe. The inner diameter of the ring 6 exceeds the outer diameter of the casing 1 by at least the thickness of the gasket 7 made of an elastic mat placed between them during installation of the casing 1 iala. The gasket 7 is preferably made of rubber, for example microporous. The outer diameter 6 is less than the inner diameter of the casing 1 by the thickness of the gasket 7 placed between them during installation of the casing 1. In addition, the gasket 7 can be made with a minimum linear dimension — along the length or width of its surface facing the pipe, not less, respectively the sum of the inner or outer diameter of the guide ring 6 of the shoe and the double height of its walls. The gasket 7 can be made of arbitrary shape and placed between the casing and the walls of the guide ring with the formation of its edges protruding beyond the contour of the ring. A stuffed pile (not shown) is made using the device described above, and its concrete or reinforced concrete body, at least on a part of its length, is supported through a gasket 7 made of an elastic material, preferably rubber, for example microporous, or at least through it part on the lost shoe. In this case, the gasket 7 may cover the lower part of the pile body, at least along its perimeter at a height not less than the height of the walls of the guide ring 6 of the lost shoe.

A stuffed pile is performed as follows.

The vibro-loader together with the base machine, which has a mast guide for it, is installed above the place of formation of the stuffed pile. The steel pipe 1 is moved from a horizontal position to a vertical position above the lost shoe mounted on the ground at a distance of approximately 0.5 m. A gasket 7 is laid on the guide ring 6 of the lost shoe and pipe 1 is lowered onto it to form a tight waterproof connection. A vibration exciter is attached to the upper part of the pipe 1 at the location of the ribs 4. During the operation of the vibration exciter, a directed disturbing force is created, due to which, using the weight of the carriage fixed on the guide of the base machine, the casing is immersed by pressing the lost shoe. The diameter of the lost shoe exceeds the diameter of the casing, due to which the lateral friction of the pipe 1 against the ground is removed. Under the shoe in the process of immersion, a core of compacted soil is formed, under optimal immersion conditions, the pipe 1 moves together with the shoe into the depth of the unconsolidated array. Due to the difference in soil properties over the depth of the array, including humidity, the effectiveness of soil compaction with an ordinary shoe is reduced, however, if there is a gasket of elastic material with a thickness equal to 1.0-2.5 of the pipe wall thickness 1, vibration and / or vibration shock the pulses transmitted by the vibration exciter to the pipe 1 are transmitted to the shoe with a certain delay in time, which makes it possible to increase the pulse duration and, with varying rheological properties of the soil, ensure its effective compaction. In addition, the gasket 7 prevents the filling of the cavity of the pipe 1 with ground water, as a result of which the piles are concreted with a concrete mixture of a controlled composition. Before or during the concreting process, pile reinforcement is installed in the pipe cavity 1, if necessary. In the concreting process, the casing is removed for reuse. The pile is thus made in the form of a concrete body mounted on a shoe to be lost through an elastic gasket, while the shoe itself is located on a compacted soil core, the diameter of which is about three diameters of the shoe plate 5 across.

The proposed technical solutions make it possible to increase the pace of work in irrigated or water-saturated soils while observing the required quality of piles.

Claims (5)

1. A device for manufacturing a printed pile containing a steel casing with a device for attaching a vibrator in the upper part and a shoe in the lower part, characterized in that the device for attaching a vibrator is made in the form of a reinforcing ring covering the upper part of the pipe and attached to it by welding connected to the casing and located below the reinforcing ring of the reinforcing plate, having in plan an axisymmetric shape, preferably a rhombus or a circle, a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the casing, and ribs in the form of, for example, trapezoidal plates connecting the reinforcing ring and the reinforcing plate and symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, and the shoe is made lost, in the form of a plate with a larger area in plan than the area limited by the outer circumference of the casing pipes, moreover, a guide ring is attached to the upper part of the plate of the lost shoe, the inner diameter of which exceeds the outer diameter of the casing by at least ins placed therebetween during installation of the casing liner of a resilient material, preferably rubber or an outer diameter less than the internal diameter of the casing by the same amount. 2. The device for manufacturing a printed pile according to claim 1, in which the gasket is made with a minimum linear dimension along the length or width of its surface facing the pipe, not less than the sum of the inner or outer diameter of the shoe guide ring and the doubled height of its walls. 3. The device for the manufacture of printed piles according to claim 1, in which the gasket is placed between the casing and the walls of the guide ring with the formation of protruding beyond the contour of the ring of its edges. 4. A stuffed pile made using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which its concrete or reinforced concrete body is supported on a lost shoe having a guide ring through a pad of elastic material, preferably rubber, or at least through a part thereof. 5. A stuffed pile according to claim 4, characterized in that the gasket covers at least part of the perimeter of the lower body of the pile with a height not less than the height of the walls of the guide ring of the lost shoe.

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