RU2231263C2 - Protective-stimulating complex "poliazofos" for protection of plants against diseases and their growth regulation, method for protecting plants against diseases and their growth regulation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves treatment of plants and/or seeds with working liquid containing water, humic compounds, liquid fertilizers and sticker. Treatment involves picking seeds and/or vegetating plants. The protective-stimulating complex as solution, suspension, powder or paste containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, sulfur, magnesium, sodium, water and products for processing after extraction of organs and/or seeds of coniferous plants are added to working liquid in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: processing products, 0.0000001-95; nitrogen, 00000001-90; phosphorus, up to 70; potassium, up to 75; copper, up to 50; iron, up to 30; boron, up to 30; manganese, up to 50; zinc, up to 50; molybdenum, up to 25; cobalt, up to 25; sulfur, up to 70; magnesium, up to 60; sodium, up to 40; water, the balance. Water with humic compounds and/or liquid nitrogen fertilizers, and/or liquid complex fertilizers, and/or sticker, or water only are used as working liquid in their ratio to the protective-stimulating complex = (0.01-7000): 1, respectively.

EFFECT: improved protecting method, valuable properties of complex.

3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to means of protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth, and can be used for processing seeds, vegetative organs of plants, as well as roots of tree seedlings.

The modern intensive technology of crop cultivation provides for the widespread use of various types of protective and stimulating agents to protect plants from diseases and regulate their growth.

A known composition for presowing treatment of seeds containing a pesticide and sodium salt of humic acid (1). The disadvantage of this composition is its low efficiency, since it uses sparingly soluble and incompatible components in the solution, which easily crumble when the seeds dry, which leads to the loss of drugs and environmental pollution.

A known composition for increasing the drought tolerance of potato plants, including β-chloroethylphosphonic acid and sodium humate (2). However, this composition is not intended to protect plants from diseases.

It is known that azophos is a means for protecting plants from fungal diseases, containing ammophos, copper sulfate, urea, ammonia and water (3). A fungicidal composition (4) similar to the means (3) is known, in which ammonia is replaced by sodium carbonate. Studies conducted in 1997 at the Brilevo state farm in the Gomel region showed that the fungicidal formulations described in (3) and (4) have a mild fungicidal effect. Another significant drawback of these compositions is the accumulation of copper salts in soil, plants, and agricultural products as a result of the use of macro amounts of copper sulfate and other chemicals (5).

Known protective-stimulating complex for protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth and a method of protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth (6). The protective-stimulating complex "Polyazofos" is known for protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth (7). Studies by scientists of Slavic Technology JSC and the Belarusian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 1998 on potatoes showed that the known composition (7) had better adaptability than the composition (3), but due to the presence of large inclusions, cases of clogging of spraying systems of sprayers were observed. Large inclusions in the known composition (7) also reduced fungicidal efficiency as a result of an insufficient degree of efficiency of coating the surface of plants with working fluid. Protective-stimulating complex and method of its use (6) are closest to the proposed invention.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to develop a composition and method for protecting plants from diseases, improve the quality of the composition, the manufacturability of its use and at the same time accelerate the growth and development of plants.

The technical result obtained during the implementation of the invention is to increase the resistance of plants to diseases, increase crop yields and improve the quality of the products. The specified technical result is obtained when using the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" to protect plants from diseases and regulate their growth, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, sulfur, magnesium, sodium compounds and water, characterized in that it is additionally introduced into its composition by processing products by extraction of organs and (or) seeds of coniferous plants in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Organ Processing Products

and (or) seeds of coniferous plants

rocks 0.00000001-95

N, 0.00000001-90

P (P ₂ O ₅ ) to 70

K (K ₂ O) up to 75

Copper up to 50

Iron to 30

Bor up to 30

Manganese up to 50

Zinc up to 50

Molybdenum to 25

Cobalt to 25

Sulfur up to 70

Magnesium up to 60

Sodium up to 40

Water rest

(depending on the timing of the development of plants and types of crops, various variants of the complex are used) and a method of protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth, including treating plants with a working fluid containing water plus humic compounds and (or) fertilizers in the form of UAN - liquid potash and ( or) ZhKU - liquid complex fertilizers and (or) adhesive or water. In addition to the indicated compounds, a variant of the protective-stimulating complex (Polyazophos) is introduced into the working fluid immediately before application to the plants, their organs or seeds with their ratio of 0.01: 1-7000: 1 (water plus humic compounds and (or) liquid fertilizers and (or) adhesive or water ("Polyazofos") depending on the types of crops and the timing of the development of plants, while the working fluid is treated starting from seed dressing and (or) treatment of vegetative plants. The complex is administered in the form of a solution, suspension , A powder or paste.

From the sources of information, the operations of the method are unknown, such as the introduction into the working fluid immediately before processing the plants (seeds, roots, above-ground vegetative part), along with humic compounds and (or) liquid fertilizers, for example, in the form of UAN and (or) ZhKU or other types of liquid fertilizers or water of the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" in the indicated proportions. An important advantage of the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" and the method of plant protection is the integrated effect on plants, in which the function of suppressing fungal diseases, from spring seed dressing to the last stages of plant vegetation, is preserved, but a new function appears - suppressing diseases during storage agricultural products, for example, during autumn dressing of seed potatoes, by providing plants with microelements and other chemicals that affect and to suppress the disease, quality and yield of crops, including by regulating the growth of plants in the next season with the help of the complex "Poliazofos" applied to plants at autumn dressing.

A significant difference of the method lies in the fact that as a result of exposure, for example, to the vegetative part of plants 65-70% or more of the substances of the protective-stimulating complex applied to the leaves and other parts of the vegetative plant is absorbed by the plants, while the increase in production growth is synergistic when reducing the degree of development of diseases.

A new significant difference in the method using the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" due to the introduction directly into its composition of products of processing of organs and (or) seeds of coniferous plants is an environmentally friendly enhancement of fungicidal effectiveness, i.e. strengthening plant protection against phytopathogens.

A significant difference between the method using the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" is its versatility, which is manifested not only in the effect on plants and their organs of fungicide and growth regulator, but also allowing its use in different crops, at different periods of plant vegetation and their storage and various chemicals, from humic compounds to liquid fertilizers and (or) water. The wide universality of the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" allows you to significantly expand the range of its use in conjunction with other chemicals to the limits of 1: 0.01-1: 7000, respectively.

The use of the zinc microelement as a part of the new preparation “Polyazofos” changes the permeability of cell membranes, the use of cobalt - the permeability of the plasma membrane, the use of molybdenum improves the absorption of phosphorus by plants, the use of manganese affects the movement of phosphorus from aging leaves to young ones, the use of copper and boron improves the intake of nitrogen and plants etc.

The use of humic compounds and multicomponent growth regulators based on them for the implementation of the method, for example, hydrohumate, oxyhumate, peat oxidate, etc., allows you to change the flow of metabolism in plant cells, increase the yield of grain, potatoes, vegetables and other crops, increases drought tolerance and frost resistance of plants during the growing season.

Protective-stimulating complex "Polyazofos" has a high technological preparation and all its components can be introduced into the complex in the factory.

The method is as follows.

To prepare the working fluid, for example, humic compounds are diluted with water to the desired concentration, mixing thoroughly. Protective-stimulating complex "Polyazofos" is added to the working fluid gradually. In the case of its factory preparation in the form of paste, "Polyazophos" is introduced into the working fluid in a continuous paste-like mass. In the case of its preparation in the form of solid or solid and liquid components, these components can be introduced into the working fluid in a certain sequence. It is also allowed the introduction into the working fluid first "Polyazophos", and then humic and other compounds.

Processing plants, such as vegetative potatoes, is as follows.

The tank of the tractor sprayer OUK-30 is 1/2 filled with water. Then, while stirring, the humic compound (oxyhumate, hydrohumate, etc.) is poured into it. When the mixer is working, from the additional tank for the mother liquor, the previously dissolved and constantly mixed components of the protective complex “Polyazofos” are fed into the main tank. The ratio of "Polyazofos" and oxyhumate plus water is selected from the calculation of processing 1 ha of potatoes as follows: 3.0 l of pasty "Polyazofos" to 197-297 l of oxyhumate plus water (1 l of oxyhumate, the rest is water). With a total amount of working fluid norm of 200 l / ha, the ratio of Polyazophos to the known components of the working fluid is 1: (66-99). From the working fluid can be introduced from 0.008 to 10 kg of other fungicides to enhance, for example, anti-late blight effect. At the same time, insecticides can be administered to combat the Colorado potato beetle in an amount of 0.03-10 kg / ha. To accelerate the formation of stems and tubers, calcium can be added to the working fluid in an amount of 0.03-8.0 kg / ha, depending on its presence in the soil. When using calcium in the indicated amounts, copper sulfate (“Bordeaux fluid”) can be used as a fungicide. After introducing all the necessary chemicals into the sprayer tank, the latter is filled with water with constant stirring of the working fluid. After filling the tank with water for 5 minutes, stir the working fluid, and then process the planting of potatoes with a flow of working fluid of 200-300 l / ha.

To process barley crops in the tillering phase, a working solution is prepared as follows.

The tractor sprayer tank is poured 1/2 in water. From the additional tank for the mother liquor, the paste-like "Polyazofos" pre-dissolved at the rate of 3-3.5 kg / ha is fed into the main tank. Then, in the main tank with constant stirring of the working fluid, KPS liquid nitrogen fertilizers are fed at the rate of 30 l of a factory prepared solution per 1 ha and the tank is filled with water. Working fluids consume 200-300 l / ha. The ratio of the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" and CAS plus water is 1: 57-67 / 1: 86-100.

An example of the preparation of a working fluid for seed seed potato dressing is as follows.

The pot of seed potato dressing equipment OPS-1AK is poured into 2/3 of the volume with water. Then, paste-like “Polyazophos” is introduced into it at the rate of 0.5 kg / t and other substances, for example, succinic acid 0.00002 kg / t, adhesive no more than 0.3 wt.%. As adhesives in the dressing of seed material, CMC glue, polymer compositions and other substances can be used. Then the tank is completely filled with water with constant stirring of the working fluid and the working fluid is applied to the surface of the seed tubers (flow rate 1.5-2 l / t). The ratio of "Polyazophos" and the known components of the working fluid will be 1: 2-3.

Protective-stimulating complex "Polyazophos" is used in the form of paste or crushed and mixed solid components in the appropriate packaging, as well as liquid and solid components. When mixed with water, Polyazophos forms a suspension, it is used in accordance with technological instructions, i.e. for treating seeds, various crops, spraying plants during the growing season, spraying individual plant organs, for example, roots of tree seedlings.

Tests of the method of protecting plants from diseases and for regulating their growth by specialists of Slavyanskaya Technologiya JSC and at the BelNII of Plant Protection confirmed their effectiveness in protecting plants from diseases for and regulating their growth.

Laboratory experiments carried out in 1999-2001 by scientists and specialists of Slavyanskaya Technologiya AO conducted to determine the optimal ratio of the components of the protective and stimulating complex Polyazofos, the ratio of the mass percent of the components of the complex was established, in which the synergistic effect of their impact on plants.

For vegetative potatoes, the ratio was close to the following:

Products of the processing of organs and (or)

seeds of coniferous plants 0.02

Phosphoric acid (P) 0.18

Urea (N) 0.14

Ammonia (N) 0.07

Potassium (K) 0.036

Copper sulfate 0.02

Iron 0.008

Bor 0.03

Manganese 0.019

Zinc 0.021

Molybdenum 0.002

Sulfur 0.07

Magnesium 0.021

Water rest

When processing crops of vegetative winter rye, "Polyazofos" was used in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Products of the processing of organs and (or)

seeds of coniferous plants 0.02

Phosphoric acid (P) 0.18

Urea (N) 0.14

Ammonia (N) 0.07

Potassium (K) 0.036

Copper sulfate 0.02

Iron 0.008

Bor 0.03

Manganese 0.019

Zinc 0.021

Cobalt 0.0001

Molybdenum 0.002

Sulfur 0.07

Magnesium 0.021

Water rest

In this case, ammonia was introduced into the protective-stimulating complex in a liquid or gaseous state.

During spring processing of seed potatoes, the composition of Polyazophos was as follows:

Products of the processing of organs and (or)

seeds of coniferous plants 0.05

Phosphoric acid (P) 0.07

Urea (N) 0.10

Ammonia (N) 0.0-0.012

Potassium (K) 0.008

Copper sulfate 0.02-0.024

Boron 0.03-0.034

Molybdenum 0.002

Sulfur 0.014

Magnesium 0.02

Water rest

The protective-stimulating complex "Polyazofos" was tested on the testes of herbs in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Products of the processing of organs and (or)

seeds of coniferous plants 0.02

Phosphoric acid (P) 0.18

Sodium carbonate 0.07

Urea (N) 0.14

Potassium (K) 0.036

Copper sulfate 0.02

Iron 0.008

Bor 0.03

Manganese 0.019

Zinc 0.021

Cobalt 0.0001

Molybdenum 0.002

Sulfur 0.07

Mg 0.021

Water rest

For the treatment of herbs in the early spring, together with Polyazophos, KAS is used - liquid nitrogen or ZhKU - liquid complex fertilizers. Moreover, the working solution was prepared as follows. 1/3 tank of a special tractor sprayer was filled with water. In one case, CAS was introduced into the working fluid at a rate of 150-200 l / ha (depending on the availability of plants with nitrogen), and in the other, a liquid utilization complex at a rate of 300/350 l / ha (depending on the availability of plants with phosphorus and nitrogen). From the additional tank for the mother liquor, the paste-like “Polyazofos” pre-dissolved at the rate of 0.5 kg / ha was supplied to the main tank at the above ratio. The working fluid was consumed 450-600 l / ha in the case of the use of UAN, while using the housing and communal services, the working fluid was consumed 900-1050 l / ha. The ratio of the above components of the working fluid and "Polyazofos" was when using CAS (900-1200): 1, when using housing and communal services (1800-2100): 1.

The tests of "Polyazophos" (in the form of paste) in the Belarusian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 1999-2001 on spring barley as a growth regulator with a fungicidal effect with the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Products of the processing of organs and (or)

seeds of coniferous plants 1-2

Phosphoric Acid (P) 6-10

Urea (N) 6-11

Ammonia (N) 0.1-0.4

Potassium (K) 1.5-3.0

Copper sulfate 0.01-0.07

Iron 0.01-0.07

Boron 0.01-0.07

Manganese 0.07-0.12

Zinc 0.07-0.12

Molybdenum 0.0001-0.00014

Sulfur 0.14-0.18

Magnesium 0.5-0.8

Water rest

it was found that as a result of the action of "Polyazophos" on plants with a growth-regulating and synergistic fungicidal effect of 81.8% (see table 1), a yield increase of 1.3 kg / ha (see table 2) was obtained when the dust smut was affected in 2% Scientists at JSC Slavic Technology found that with a smut smut of 3.5% or more, which is often found in production conditions, yield increases are also synergistic in nature and amount to 6-7 kg / ha or more.

The method for determining the biological effectiveness of the defeat of spring barley dust smut was as follows. Seeds were pickled and sown on experimental plots with an area of 1 m ² in 4-fold repetition. During the heading period, the affected and healthy ears were counted.

Studies of scientists and specialists of JSC Slavic Technology ZSK Polyazofos as a dressing agent and fungicide in spring barley yielded the following results (see table 3). The treatment of seeds with polyazofos KSK (options 2.1-2.16) was carried out with a consumption rate of 3 liters per ton of seeds, and on vegetative barley, the consumption rate of the preparation was 2 liters per hectare. Processing of vegetative plants was carried out twice: tillering phase, exit phase into the tube.

The greatest increase in barley yield of 8.7% was obtained in experiment 2.14 with the most rational combination of the components of the composition for barley.

At the same time, Polyazophos was etched (3.0 kg / t) and twice treated vegetative plants (3.0 kg / ha + 3.0 kg / ha) in stage 25 (tillering) and in stage 32 (two stem nodes) .

The use of "Polyazophos" for the implementation of the method according to option 2.14, humic compounds and UAN allowed to increase the yield increase to 15.8-16.5%. Moreover, the ratio of the known components of the working fluid and Polyazophos on seed dressing was 3.0: 1, and for fungicidal treatments of vegetative plants (21-32): 1, respectively.

The protective and stimulating complex "Polyazophos" is used in the form of paste or crushed and mixed solid components (powder) in appropriate packaging, as well as liquid and solid components. Polyazophos, when mixed with water, forms a suspension and is used in accordance with technological instructions, i.e. for treating seeds of various crops, spraying plants during the growing season, spraying individual plant organs, for example, roots of tree seedlings.

It should be noted that the preparation of "Polyazophos" in the form of a paste or powder in the factory significantly reduces transportation costs in comparison with tank solutions. A sharp reduction in transportation costs is provided by the reduction of water in the paste and powder in comparison with tank solutions.

"Polyazophos" and the method of its application are important elements of protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth when growing plants.

Of the above advantages of the method and the protective and stimulating complex "Polyazofos" is obvious its versatility for use on different crops and high efficiency both to increase yield and reduce plant morbidity.

Sources of information:

1. SU 869734, 1981.

2. RU 2008769 C1, 1994.

3. SU 1338133 A, 1987.

4. SU 1734622 A1, 1992.

5. Prokopenko S.F. et al. Low-volume spraying of agricultural crops, M., VO Agropromizdat, 1989, p. 18.

6. RU 98100115 A1, 10.27.1999.

7. BV 4178, 2001.

Claims (1)

A method of protecting plants from diseases and regulating their growth, including treating plants and / or seeds with a working fluid containing water, humic compounds, liquid fertilizers, an adhesive, the working fluid being treated starting from seed treatment and / or treatment of vegetative plants, characterized in the fact that a protective stimulating complex is additionally introduced into the working fluid in the form of a solution, suspension, powders or paste containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, cob alt, sulfur, magnesium, sodium, water, as well as processed products by extraction of organs and / or seeds of coniferous plants, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Processed products organs and / or seeds coniferous plants 0.00000001-95 N (nitrogen) 0.00000001-90 P (P ₂ O ₅ ) Up to 70 K (K ₂ O) Up to 75 Copper Up to 50 Iron Up to 30 Bor Until 30 Manganese Up to 50 Zinc Up to 50 Molybdenum Under 25 Cobalt Under 25 Sulfur Up to 70 Magnesium Up to 60 Sodium Up to 40 Water Else moreover, water with humic compounds, and / or liquid nitrogen fertilizers, and / or liquid complex fertilizers, and / or an adhesive or only water when used in relation to a protective-stimulating complex (0.01-7000) are used as a working fluid: 1, respectively .