RU2226672C2 - Process testing condition of railway track - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: diagnostics of railway tracks, automated leveling of plan and profile of railway track in process of its routine upkeep. SUBSTANCE: process testing condition of railway track is realized by way of coordinate referencing of reading of perambulators to reference network with the help of aboard computer installed on machine surfacing track. Reference to coordinate system of reference network is carried out on examined section of railway track. Data base of reference system into which computed coordinates, marks and stakes of datum points with measurement of distances to nearest rail are entered is utilized. Digital model of angles of turn of path of examined railway track is constructed on basis of these data by program. Then coordinate systems of perambulators and reference network are matched. Later exact uninterrupted coordinate model is obtained and used to make judgment on condition of railway track to set it in design or other optimal position. EFFECT: enhanced operational efficiency of railway track machines and mechanisms designed to spot surface track. 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the diagnosis of railway tracks and can be used to automate the alignment of the plan and profile of the railway track at their current content.

In the known straightening method (L-1), the railway curve is marked out manually, at regular intervals, the bend arrows from the chords are measured, or the coordinates of the track axis at these points. Then, according to one or another scheme, design data and track offsets are calculated at the points of division of the curve. The values of the shifts are entered into the on-board computer of the dressing machine, which performs the straightening of the curve at the division points. In automated shooting of arrows by a track-measuring car or a track-measuring system of straightening machines, in order to achieve the necessary accuracy in determining the actual position of the track, the coordinate system in which the machine is working must be linked to a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of the reference network. For these purposes, specialized expensive and unfortunately ineffective optical-electronic devices (L-2) have been developed.

The closest in technical essence is the method of straightening the railway track described in (L-1). He is taken as a prototype.

The prototype does not provide accurate and effective alignment of the railway track in plan and profile.

The technical result of the claimed facility is expressed in increasing the efficiency of track machines and mechanisms designed to straighten the track.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that for straightening the railway track, a database of the reference system is used, in which the coordinates, elevations and picket of benchmarks with measurements of distances and elevations to the nearest rail are calculated. According to these data, the coordinates, elevations and picket points of the rail head are determined, forming the exact digital rail model (DEM) in the system of three-dimensional rectangular coordinates of the reference network.

Then programmatically form a sparse two-dimensional digital model of the track turning angles (CMU) of the examined track section. This sparse reference model is built according to the coordinates stored in the database of the reference system by solving inverse geodetic problems. For this, the directional angles of the chords a _i and the acute angles of the overlapping triangles e _i ,, e _{i + 1} are calculated. Then, a two-dimensional array of exact coordinates of the curved polar coordinates M of the form M is determined: M = (a _i , s _i ), where s _i is the picket of the center point of the i-th section of the curve (see figure 1).

Array M can be represented as a graph of the function a (s). See figure 2.

, в которой углы поворота а $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{i}}$ вычисляют по формулеThen, according to the data of the track gauge car or the track measuring device of the straightening machine, the transfer function of the angles, approximately attached to the picket s, is built

in which the rotation angles a $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{i}}$ calculated by the formula

where ƒ _{i + 1} , ƒ _i are measured arrows;

ds $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{i}}$ - digitization interval (distance between adjacent arrows);

ρ = 206265 ″.

The inclined (corresponding to circular curves) and horizontal (corresponding to straight) sections of the graphs are approximated by straight lines using the least squares method. The intersections of the lines form two broken configurations: the exact one (A B C D E ...) and the approximate one (a c d e ...).

Further, by means of two-dimensional affine transformations A, the configuration (and in the case of ...) is transferred to the exact configuration (A B C D E ...), which is a key point in the automated binding of the coordinate system of a track-measuring car (car). After that, the coordinates a _i , s _{i of} any point in the configuration (and since then ...) are converted to the exact coordinates of a $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{T}}{\text{i}}$ , S $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{T}}{\text{i}}$ according to the well-known rule of transforming vectors from one coordinate system to another

where A is the affinity coordinate transformation matrix;

n is the number of configuration points.

Thus, the picket of the travel measuring device is approximately, with an accuracy of about 1 m, combined with the picket of the reference network. The elements of the matrix of affine transformations are found by the generalized least-squares method according to the method of S.I. Matveev, described, for example, in the work - S. Matveev. Digital transformation of aerospace images with the measured coordinates of the centers of photography / Transactions of MIIT, issue 915, 1998, p. 29-31 /.

With the help of a track gauge, continuous measurements of distances along a rail thread and arrows выполнены were performed at a constant chord length d. For processing data track geometry car accept the following inputs: x coordinates _beginning, y _nach some initial point DTM and its stationing s _nach and azimuth α _nach previous straight section.

The following relationships are taken into account. The change in direction along the length of the chord d is

Chord-based Curve Length

σ = Rε.

Relationship of chord length with radius of curvature

d = 2Rsin (ε / 2).

The relationship of the length of the curve with the angle of rotation

Derived directions from the picket

Based on the results of measuring the arrows, the directional angles and coordinates of the points are calculated that correspond to the control points of the DEM

We get the second array of coordinates for control points DEM

The initial values of the coordinates of the control points of the DEM are taken as the initial ones. In this case, the residuals ƒ _x = x'-x, ƒ _y = y'-y are calculated, which are used to calculate the coordinates of the intermediate points.

The coordinates of the intermediate points are calculated by formulas (1) - (3) and are corrected by the corrections δx, δу obtained by interpolation in proportion to the distance from the previous DTM point between the corrections of the same name to the previous and subsequent control points of the DEM.

Thus, a high-precision continuous digital (coordinate) model of the rail, or the axis of the path plan in the coordinate system of the reference network with an accuracy of 5-10 mm, is obtained. This model is ready for automated curve straightening when it is inserted into the on-board computers of straightening machines and mechanisms equipped with software for straightening the path not by arrows, but by coordinates, which only allows you to bring the path to the design outline.

Sources of information taken into account when drawing up an application for an invention:

1. Technical requirements. Special reference system for monitoring the condition of the railway track in the profile and plan: Technical requirements. - M.: Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, 1998, 29 pp.

2. Popovich M.V. Mechanized alignment of the railway track. 2000, 125 p.

Claims (1)

A method for monitoring the condition of a railway track, carried out by coordinate reference of readings of measuring devices to a reference network using an on-board computer installed on a straightening machine, characterized in that, on the surveyed section of a railway track, the reference is made to the coordinate system of the reference network using the database of the reference system, in which is entered by the calculated coordinates, elevations and the station of benchmarks with measurements of distances to the nearest rail, then based on these data by building a digital model tracks the rotation angles of the subject of the route section, and then combine puteizmeritelnogo device coordinate system and the reference network, hereinafter prepared continuous accurate coordinate model on which judge the state of the railway track in the design for raising or more optimum position.

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