RU222613U1 - Aerodynamic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for aerodynamic (air) separation of grain material, used in agriculture for sorting seeds of cereals, grasses and other crops into separate fractions, used in breeding, flour-grinding and agricultural enterprises, as well as for cleaning weed seeds, heavy impurities. An aerodynamic separator containing a hopper for grain material, a pneumatic separation chamber with grain collection bins, while on the left side of the pneumatic separation chamber there are air dampers, on the right side of the pneumatic separation chamber there is an opening that allows dust and light impurities to be carried away by air flows outside the aerodynamic separator, also contains an air flow generator containing a housing and an impeller, wherein the aerodynamic separator contains a damper and a tray, the air flow generator is configured to change the rotation speed of the impeller, and the air dampers are installed with the ability to adjust the air flow transmission angle α. The proposed useful model of an aerodynamic separator makes it possible to improve the quality of the process of separating grain material, namely fractional separation and purification of grain from light impurities.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for aerodynamic (air) separation of grain material, used in agriculture for sorting seeds of cereals, grasses and other crops into separate fractions, used in breeding, flour-grinding and agricultural enterprises, as well as for cleaning weed seeds, heavy impurities.

A known separator for grain material and cereals, which includes a blowing chamber with dampers at the outlet and inlet, a distributor along the width of the blowing chamber, a separating chamber along the length of which there are dividing partitions located under the blowing chamber. The walls of the chamber are made flat, which causes turbulence of the air flow [Patent No. 2306188 B07B 4/00].

This separator has a complex design and does not provide high-quality separation of grain into fractions.

A known pneumatic separator for fractional separation and grain cleaning, which includes a fan, a loading device connected to a pneumatic separation channel. An air distribution mesh is installed in the pneumatic separation channel, located under the loading device, connected at the top to it, and at the bottom to bins for collecting separation products. The pneumatic separation channel is installed at an angle α=45° to the horizontal, the air distribution mesh is perpendicularly fixed to the walls of the channel, the loading device is equipped with a vibrating tray having lower and upper outlet openings on the rear wall [Patent No. 2362634 B07B 4/08 A01F 12/44].

The disadvantages of this separator include the low quality of fractional separation and grain cleaning, the inability to adjust the angle of inclination of the pneumatic separation channel, since it is in a fixed position, therefore the quality of grain material separation decreases.

The aerodynamic separator “SAD” is also known [Ukrainian Patent No. 119017] and a separation method with additional purification of grain material [Ukrainian Patent No. 118743]. Aerodynamic separator with additional cleaning of grain material using a rod device to implement separation methods containing a hopper with a vibrating tray, an air jet generator located underneath it, pneumatically connected to a source of air supply under pressure and a pneumatic separation channel, under which fraction collectors are located [Ukrainian Patent No. 119017 according to IPC classes B07B 4/02 A01F 12/44].

The disadvantage of such a device with additional cleaning of grain material is low productivity, since the comb, on the one hand, is a device for separating large impurities, but on the other hand, it is a mechanical obstacle to the free passage of grains into the vibrating chute. With a large volume of grain supplied from the bunker to the vibrating tray, the comb rods do not have time to pass the grain, part of which goes through it into the fraction collection intended for impurities.

The claimed utility model is aimed at eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of such devices. The following technical result can be obtained from its use: improving the quality of the grain material separation process. The specified technical result is achieved through the use of an aerodynamic separator containing a hopper for grain material, a pneumatic separation chamber, on the left side of the pneumatic separation chamber there are air dampers, on the right side of the pneumatic separation chamber there is an opening through which dust and light impurities are carried away by air flows outside the aerodynamic separator, also contains an air flow generator containing a housing and an impeller, and contains a damper and a tray, the air flow generator is configured to change the speed of rotation of the impeller, the air dampers are installed with the ability to adjust the angle α of air flow transmission.

Graphic materials.

The figure shows a general view of an aerodynamic separator for fractional separation of grain from impurities and a remote element.

An aerodynamic separator containing a hopper 1 for grain material, a pneumatic separation chamber 2 with grain collection bins 3, while on the left side of the pneumatic separation chamber 2 there are air dampers 4, on the right side of the pneumatic separation chamber 2 there is a hole 5 that allows dust and light impurities to be carried away by air flows outside the aerodynamic separator, also contains an air flow generator containing a housing 6 and an impeller 7, while the aerodynamic separator contains a damper 8 and a tray 9, the air flow generator is configured to change the rotation speed of the impeller 7, the air dampers 4 are installed with the ability to adjust the angle α air flow passage.

The operating principle of the aerodynamic separator is as follows. The grain material that is required for separation is loaded into the hopper 1 of the aerodynamic separator, from where it falls due to gravitational influence into the tray 9, while the volume is dosed by the valve 8. Subsequently, the grain material moves by gravity into the pneumatic separation chamber 2 and is picked up by air flows, while air flows exit the air flow generator containing a housing 6 and an impeller 7, configured to change the speed of rotation of the impeller 7, and pass through air dampers 4 with adjustment of the angle α of air flow transmission. In the pneumatic separation chamber 2, the grain material is separated, namely, divided into fractions by mass, after which the grain enters the grain collection bins 3, and air flows with dust and light impurities are carried away outside the pneumatic separation chamber 2 of the aerodynamic separator into the hole 5.

The proposed useful model of an aerodynamic separator makes it possible to improve the quality of the process of separating grain material, namely fractional separation and purification of grain from light impurities.

Claims (1)

An aerodynamic separator containing a hopper for grain material, a pneumatic separation chamber with grain collection bins, while on the left side of the pneumatic separation chamber there are air dampers, on the right side of the pneumatic separation chamber there is an opening that allows dust and light impurities to be carried away by air flows outside the aerodynamic separator, also contains an air flow generator containing a housing and an impeller, characterized in that it contains a damper and a tray, the air flow generator is configured to change the speed of rotation of the impeller, the air dampers are installed with the ability to adjust the angle α of air flow transmission.