RU2225830C2 - Tower crane boom - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; materials handling facilities. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to tower cranes with articulated sectional booms and it can be used in cranes with elongated booms featuring complex kinematics of folding the boom into inoperative position and unfolding it into working position. Proposed tower crane boom includes root and end sections with lower chords for movement of trolley and cable mechanism for holding boom in working position and folding it at mounting and increasing the height of tower. Adjacent end faces of lower chords of boom sections are provided with cavities with formation of segment. Height of segment height of segment in cross section of cylinder is less than radius of cylinder. Each axle is installed in said cavities of end faces of lower adjacent chords of boom. Boom is provided with additional hinge joints in form of two pairs of shackle connected by pins with lower chords of sections. Lower chords of boom sections are provided with lugs with lugs from lower side which get one into the other, with mounting pin fitted in holes of lugs. Holes are made for free travel of mounting pin. EFFECT: provision of compact design of boom in folded up state, convenience of mounting and demounting. 7 dwg

Description

This invention relates to tower cranes having articulated sectional booms. It is intended for use in tower crane structures that use elongated booms and which therefore have complex kinematics of folding the boom into an inoperative position and vice versa.

Known articulated boom of a tower crane, including the root section and pivotally connected to it another section of the boom, means of folding and unfolding the boom [1].

The closest technical solution in essence and the achieved effect to the claimed boom is a boom of a tower crane containing a root section, an end section pivotally connected to it with lower belts for moving the cargo trolley, while the sections are pivotally interconnected by two axes, each of which is installed with the possibility of interaction with the lower belts, as well as a rope mechanism for holding the boom in the working position and folding it during installation [2].

A significant disadvantage of the known arrows is that the hinged connection of their sections but provides the possibility of mutual rotation of the sections when they are folded through 180 °, which does not meet the mounting and dismounting requirements of the compact design of the arrow in the folded position.

The technical problem of the claimed technical solution is to ensure the compactness of the boom in the folded position. Another problem to be solved is to ensure the convenience of installation and dismantling.

The stated technical problems are achieved by the fact that in the boom of the tower crane, including the root and end sections with lower belts for moving the cargo trolley, while the sections are pivotally interconnected by two axes, each of which is installed with the possibility of interaction with the lower belts, the rope mechanism for holding the boom in the working position, folding it during installation and building the tower of the crane, - the adjacent ends of the lower belts of each section of the boom are made with recesses, each of which is formed by a circular with an truncated vertical plane across the arrow belts, the height of the segment in the cross section of the cylinder is less than the radius of the latter, the axis is spaced between the recesses of the ends of the lower belts of the arrow sections, the arrow is made with additional hinges in the form of two pairs of earrings pivotally connected by fingers with the lower sections belts, the axes being located between the earrings, and the lower sections belts on their lower side made with eyelets entering one another with holes that are in full with the possibility of free movement therein of the mounting finger at a location misalignment eyelets holes.

This embodiment of the boom when it is folded provides the possibility of mutual rotation of the sections through 180 °, which meets the requirements of compact folding long booms.

Figure 1 shows the arrow of a tower crane in the working and folded positions.

Figure 2 - swivel of the lower zones of the sections of the boom.

Figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2.

In Fig.4 - fastening the axis to the lower zone of the root section of the boom, section BB in Fig.2;

Figure 5 - bracket end section of the boom.

Figure 6 - section bb in figure 4.

The boom of a tower crane includes a root section 1 (Fig. 1), with which, through a pair of axles 2 (Figs. 2 and 4), an end section 3 of the boom interacts with lower belts 4 and 5 of sections for moving a cargo trolley along them, a rope mechanism for holding the boom in the working position, during its folding during installation and when building the tower 6 of the crane. The rope mechanism 7 includes ropes associated with the drive of the movement of the cargo trolley and the head 8 of the crane, as well as tackles and racks.

Adjacent ends 9 and 10 (figure 2) of the lower belts 4 and 5 of sections 1 and 3 of the boom (figure 1) are made with recesses 11 and 12 (figure 2). The recesses 11 and 12 are formed by a circular cylinder truncated by vertical planes 13 and 14 located across the boom belts 4 and 5 and along each axis 2. The height H of the geometric segment is less than the radius R of the cylinder. Each axis 2 is installed to the left and right of the longitudinal axis of the boom in the recesses 11 and 12 of the ends 9 and 10 of the lower zones 4 and 5 of the boom sections. Each axis 2 is installed in the strut. The arrow is made with additional hinge joints in the form of two pairs of earrings 15 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) connected by fingers 16 to the belts 4 and 5 of sections 1 and 3. Each axis 2 (FIG. 4) is located between each pair of earrings 15 The belts 4 and 5 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) of the sections on their lower sides 17 are made respectively with the eyelets 18 and 19 entering one another, in which the holes 20 and 21 are respectively made (Figs. 2 and 5).

The latter are made with the possibility of free movement of the mounting finger 22 (FIG. 2) with the misaligned holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19. In particular, the holes 20 of the eyes 18 of the root section 1 of the boom are oval (FIG. 2), and the hole 21 the eyes 19 of the end section 3 are made round.

The finger 22 is inserted into the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes only during installation work (when folding the boom), and during operation of the boom, the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes are free. Finger 22 during installation is fixed in the holes of the eyes with a ring 23. The axis 2 (Fig. 4) is fixed in the recess 11 of the root section 1 of the boom with clamps 24 (Fig. 4). Between the ends 9 and 10 (FIG. 2) of the belts 4 and 5 of the boom sections, a gap 25 is formed. The boom is fixed to the head 8 of the crane by a hinge 26 and ropes (FIG. 1). The crane has a device 27 for building the tower.

The arrow of the tower crane works as follows.

When the crane is operating, the boom (Fig. 1) works in a known manner, the loads from the end section 3 are transferred to section 1 through their articulation and boom suspension ropes. In this case, the mounting pin 22 in the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19 is missing. In the case of folding the boom to the position shown in figure 2 (when it is necessary to dismantle the crane or build up its tower and at the same time reduce the bending moment on the tower 6 and device 27 at the time of building the tower), into the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19 (Fig .3) insert mounting pin 22. In this case, the boom is in the operating position shown in FIG.

During the operation of the boom, between the belts 4 and 5, a certain angle is formed, and the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19 are not aligned, so the finger 22 is first inserted into the oval hole 20 of the eye 18, and then into the round hole 21 of the eye 19. The finger 22 due to the ovality of the hole 20 easily enters the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes and is fixed by the ring 23. Then, the fingers 16 are removed, the earrings 15 are removed and, using the cable mechanism 7, the arrow is folded into the position shown in FIG. 1. In this case, the root section 1 rises relative to the hinge 26, the end section 3 goes down, turning around the axes 2 and in contact with the recesses 12 in the belt 5. Then the axis 2 freely come out of the recesses 12 of the end face 10 of the boom belt 5.

The boom is folded into the position shown in Fig. 1, the crane is dismantled or the tower is extended with the device 27 at the minimum bending moment from the action of the arrow, since the center of gravity in this position is as close as possible to the axis of the tower 6 of the crane.

Unfolding the boom from the position shown in figure 1, in a horizontal position is as follows.

By the rope mechanism 7 (FIG. 1), the boom root section 1 is rotated around the hinge 26, and the boom section 3 is rotated around the mounting pin 22 (FIG. 2) relative to the boom root section 1. At the end of the rotation of sections 1 and 3 of the boom, the pair of axles 2 enters the recesses 12 of the ends 10 and 11 of the lower zones 4 and 5 of the root and end sections, while the sections are centered relative to each other. Then, from the end sides of each axis 2, pairs of earrings 15 are installed (Fig. 3), fixed with their fingers 16 in the holes of the lower belts 4 and 5. After fixing the fingers 16 in the working position, the ring 23 is removed from the mounting finger 22 and the mounting finger 22 from the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19 are removed.

During operation of the crane and the boom, the root section 1 and the end section 3 change their position relative to each other in the vertical plane by an insignificant angle within the elastic deformations of the boom metal structure and the rope hoods. Since between the ends 9 and 10 of the lower belts 4 and 5 of the boom sections a gap 25 is formed (Fig. 2), the rotation of the sections relative to each other occurs around a pair of axles 2 without touching the ends 9 and 10, which eliminates the breakage of the joint of the lower belts 4 and 5 of the sections arrows.

When the angle between the sections is formed from the subsidence of the middle part of the boom down and during its oscillations, the centers of the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes 18 and 19 are shifted relative to each other in different directions along the boom. The ovality of the holes 20 in the eyes 18 allows, within the specified range of displacements of the holes 20 and 21 of the eyes, to freely insert the mounting pin 22 into them and to remove it during installation and dismantling.

Thus, the combination of signs of connecting sections of the boom to the maximum extent provides unloading of the elements of the connection, which increases the reliability of the connection, as well as the convenience of installation and dismantling.

Sources of information

1. Potain GTMR 331B tower crane, Potain prospectus, 1988.

2. French patent No. 2732000, cl. In 66 C 23/34, 1996 (prototype).

Claims (1)

The boom of a tower crane, including the root and end sections with lower belts for moving the cargo trolley, while the sections are pivotally interconnected by two axes, a rope mechanism for holding the boom in its working position, folding it during installation and building up the crane tower, characterized in that the adjacent ends of the lower belts of the boom sections are made with recesses, each of which is formed by a circular cylinder truncated by a vertical plane located across the boom belts, with the formation of a segment whose height the cross section of the cylinder is smaller than the radius of the latter, each axis is installed in the recesses of the ends of the lower adjacent zones of the boom sections, the boom is made with additional hinges in the form of two pairs of earrings pivotally connected by means of fingers with the lower belts of the sections, and the lower belts of the sections with their lower the sides are made with eyelets with holes entering one another, the latter being made with the possibility of free movement of the mounting finger in them.

Images